[Fecal incontinence - symptoms are guiding therapy].

Fecal incontinence (FI) is an escalating medical problem. Due to increasing life expectancy FI becomes more evident, especially in the geriatric population. The prevalence varies from 4 % in the adult population reaching > 50 % in the octogenerians, yet most probably associated with a significant based error due to underreporting.

German S3 guidelines: anal abscess and fistula (second revised version).

Background: The incidence of anal abscess and fistula is relatively high, and the condition is most common in young men.

Methods: This is a revised version of the German S3 guidelines first published in 2011. It is based on a systematic review of pertinent literature.

[The anal fistula disease and abscess].

There are two forms of anal fistulas arising from its pathogenesis: the acute stage is the abscess, whereas the chronic stage is the fistula in ano. The classification of the fistula in ano is named after Parks. Pathogenesis and classification are explained.