Conjunctival Bulbar Redness Extraction Pipeline for High-Resolution Ocular Surface Photography.

Purpose: To extract conjunctival bulbar redness from standardized high-resolution ocular surface photographs of a novel imaging system by implementing an image analysis pipeline.

Methods: Data from two trials (healthy; outgoing ophthalmic clinic) were collected, processed, and used to train a machine learning model for ocular surface segmentation. Various regions of interest were defined to globally and locally extract a redness biomarker based on color intensity.

Transforming Tele-Ophthalmology: Utilizing Cloud Computing for Remote Eye Care.

Background: Tele-ophthalmology is gaining recognition for its role in improving eye care accessibility via cloud-based solutions. The Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Healthcare API enables secure and efficient management of medical image data such as high-resolution ophthalmic images.

Objectives: This study investigates cloud-based solutions' effectiveness in tele-ophthalmology, with a focus on GCP's role in data management, annotation, and integration for a novel imaging device.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Reveals Ethnic Disparities in Cataract Detection and Treatment.

Introduction: The aim of this work is to identify patients at risk of limited access to healthcare through artificial intelligence using a name-ethnicity classifier (NEC) analyzing the clinical stage of cataract at diagnosis and preoperative visual acuity.

Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study includes patients seen in the cataract clinic of a tertiary care hospital between September 2017 and February 2020 with subsequent cataract surgery in at least one eye. We analyzed 4971 patients and 8542 eyes undergoing surgery.

Corneal Microaneurysm-A Vascular Feature of Conjunctival Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia.

Purpose: The diagnosis of conjunctival squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (CSIN) can be difficult because of the heterogeneous appearance. Despite established risk factors and diagnostic support by high-resolution optical coherence tomography (hrOCT) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), the only reliable diagnostic method is a histological work-up. This case report is the first to describe corneal microaneurysms in CSIN as a vascular feature for conjunctival tumor angiogenesis.

Ocular phenotype and therapeutic interventions in keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness (KID) syndrome.

Background: To report ocular manifestations, clinical course, and therapeutic management of patients with molecular genetically confirmed keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome.

Methods: Four patients, aged 19 to 46, with keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome from across the UK were recruited for a general and ocular examination and GJB2 (Cx26) mutational analysis. The ocular examination included best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp bio-microscopy, and ocular surface assessment.

Integrating a Novel Eye Imaging System into Clinical Practice: An Open-Source DICOM Simulation Platform.

Background: The integration of innovative imaging technologies into clinical workflows requires the utilization of a standardized data exchange format. The "Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine" (DICOM) standard is widely used in healthcare to process and transfer medical images. However, no simulation environment is ready to use for development.

Data Exchange Standards in Teleophthalmology: Current and Future Developments.

Background: Teleophthalmology services are considered capable of supporting screening, early diagnosis, and monitoring of leading causes of blindness on a global scale. Therefore, standards and best practices are needed to seamlessly exchange medical ocular images and related data among relevant stakeholders with maximum interoperability.

Objectives: This paper provides an overview of current standards in the field of store-and-forward teleophthalmology data exchange and further developments in this area.

Eye bank versus surgeon prepared Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty tissues: Influence on adhesion force in a pilot study.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the biomechanical properties of the eye bank-prepared and surgeon prepared Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) tissues.

Methods: In this laboratory study, corneal tissues for research were randomly allocated in the following groups: a) surgeon-cut DSAEK and b) eye bank-prepared (pre-cut and pre-loaded) DSAEK. Endothelial cell loss (ECL), immunostaining for tight junction protein ZO-1, elastic modulus, and adhesion force were investigated.

Assessment of the correlation of the tear breakup time with quality of vision and dry eye symptoms after SMILE surgery.

Purpose: It is well reported that dry eye symptoms can increase after many refractive surgery procedures. This study aims to provide a clinical understanding of the correlation of fluorescein tear film breakup time (FTBUT) with quality of vision (QoV) and dry eye symptoms following small incision lenticule extraction surgery (SMILE).

Methods: Patients electing to have SMILE surgery were subdivided into 2 groups: Group 1 included short preoperative FTBUTs of 3 to 6 seconds (s); Group 2 included long FTBUTs of ≥ 8 s.

Effects of COVID-19 protective measures on the ophthalmological patient examination with an emphasis on gender-specific differences.

Objective: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, strict hygiene and containment measures have been instituted in the clinical ophthalmological examination to prevent virus transmission. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of these protective measures on the quality of the examination with an emphasis on gender-specific differences.

Methods And Analysis: An online survey was sent to ophthalmologists in 10 countries.

Ocular surface angiography: from neovessels to neoplasia.

The ocular surface vascular system plays a key role in corneal and conjunctival inflammatory, infectious and neoplastic pathology. Angiographic vessel analysis using intravenous dyes and optical coherence tomography technology allow both the quantitative and functional assessment of conjunctival vasculature and corneal neovessels. Based on a thorough understanding of vascular alterations in ocular surface disease, angiographic assessment facilitates the clinical management of corneal neovascularisation, the grading of ocular surface inflammation and the identification of tumour angiogenesis in dysplastic or malignant lesions.

Tips, Tricks, and Guides in Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Learning Curve.

Lamellar keratoplasty is fast becoming the most popular form of corneal transplantation. The adoption of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in the management of Fuchs endothelial dystrophy and pseudophakic bullous keratopathy is partly responsible for this shift in the paradigm of management of corneal pathology. The learning curve of DMEK, however, has been proven to be much steeper than previous endothelial keratoplasty procedures.

Imaging of vascular abnormalities in ocular surface disease.

The vascular system of the ocular surface plays a central role in infectious, autoimmune, inflammatory, traumatic and neoplastic diseases. The development, application, and monitoring of treatments for vascular abnormalities depends on the in vivo analysis of the ocular surface vasculature. Until recently, ocular surface vascular imaging was confined to biomicroscopic and color photographic assessment, both limited by poor reproducibility and the inability to image lymphatic vasculature in vivo.

Indocyanine Green Angiographic Assessment of Conjunctival Melanocytic Disorders.

Purpose: To investigate whether transvascular indocyanine green (ICG) dye leakage is associated with conjunctival malignancy.

Methods: This is a prospective interventional study. Patients presenting with circumscribed conjunctival melanocytic disorders (CMDs) were included and examined using color photography, anterior segment optical coherence tomography to measure lesion size, and fluorescein and ICG angiography to measure vascular pattern and leakage.

Eye bank versus surgeon prepared DMEK tissues: influence on adhesion and re-bubbling rate.

Aim: To investigate the difference in adhesion and rebubbling rate between eye bank and surgeon prepared Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) tissues.

Methods: Laboratory and clinical retrospective comparative interventional case series. Research corneal tissues were obtained for laboratory investigation.

En-face analysis of the human limbal lymphatic vasculature.

Purpose: To describe the location and morphometric characteristics of the human limbal lymphatic vasculature and its relation to the marginal corneal vascular arcades (MCA).

Methods: Ex vivo confocal microscopic (CM) imaging and immunofluorescence double staining for CD-31 and D2-40 of histological en-face sections using 12 preserved human cadaveric corneoscleral discs were performed, followed by a semi-automated morphometric analysis of the two-dimensional vascular network architecture.

Results: Ex vivo CM confirmed the presence of 2 distinct vascular networks.

Observation of angiographic dye leakage in ocular surface squamous neoplasia.

Purpose: The clinical diagnosis of ocular surface squamous neoplasia is challenging, mostly requiring excisional biopsy. Human tumor angiogenesis is characterized by abnormal vessel architecture and transvascular hyperpermeability. This case report describes features of fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography in a case of conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia.

Horsepower of Doctors' Cars Correlates with Cardiovascular Risk and Sedentary Lifestyle but Not with Sexual Dysfunction or Sexual Satisfaction.

The horsepower not only of doctors' cars correlates with personal income and social status. However, no clear relationship has previously been described between the horsepower of doctors' cars and cardiovascular health or sexual dysfunction and/or satisfaction. Cross-sectional online survey to evaluate associations between self-reported horsepower of physicians' cars and health aspects.

How Bispectral Index Compares to Spectral Entropy of the EEG and A-line ARX Index in the Same Patient.

Background: Bispectral index (BIS) monitoring of depth of anesthesia has pioneered the field for more recent monitoring devices like the A-line ARX Index (AAI) or the state (SE) and response entropy (RE) monitoring devices. Following an observational design the present study aimed to simultaneously compare in the same patient recorded BIS, AAI and entropy values.

Methods: Data from patients (n = 32) undergoing minor gynecological operations were analyzed.

Cross-Country Transportation Efficacy and Clinical Outcomes of Preloaded Large-Diameter Ultra-Thin Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty Grafts.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of preloaded large-diameter ultra-thin grafts for Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (UT-DSAEK) after cross-country shipment.

Methods: A laboratory study in an eye bank and a clinical cohort study in an academic tertiary care center were performed. UT-DSAEK (9.

Functional Staging of Corneal Neovascularization Using Fluorescein and Indocyanine Green Angiography.

Purpose: Corneal neovascularization (CoNV) is a major risk factor for corneal graft rejection and other corneal conditions. The maturity of CoNV is important to guide treatment. This study investigated associations between clinical and angiographic characteristics of CoNV.

Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty - Complication and management of a single case for tissue preparation and graft size linked to post-op descemetorhexis disparity.

Purpose: To report the management of an intraoperative complication during large (9.5 mm) ultra-thin Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty (UT-DSAEK) surgery in a patient with a large area of dysfunctional endothelium.

Observations: A single case study of an 89 y/o male with a history of Fuchs corneal endothelial dystrophy is presented.

Imaging of Corneal Neovascularization: Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and Fluorescence Angiography.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) for the assessment of corneal neovascularization (CoNV).

Methods: Patients with CoNV extending at least 3 mm into the cornea were included. All patients underwent corneal imaging at the same visit.

Possible Role of Descemet-Stroma Interface for Descemet's Membrane Detachment after Penetrating Keratoplasty.

Purpose: To report two cases of spontaneous Descemet's membrane detachment (DMD) and dehiscence following penetrating keratoplasty (PK).

Case Reports: Spontaneous DMD or Descemet's membrane (DM) dehiscence following PK is a rare occurrence. Here, we describe two cases of such an occurrence following PK arising from the graft-host interface.