A Semi-Mechanistic Population Pharmacokinetic Model of Noscapine in Healthy Subjects Considering Hepatic First-Pass Extraction and CYP2C9 Genotypes.

Introduction: Noscapine is a commonly used cough suppressant, with ongoing research on its anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. The drug has a pronounced pharmacokinetic variability.

Objective: This evaluation aims to describe the pharmacokinetics of noscapine using a semi-mechanistic population pharmacokinetic model and to identify covariates that could explain inter-individual pharmacokinetic variability.

Assessment of body mass-related covariates for rifampicin pharmacokinetics in healthy Caucasian volunteers.

Purpose: Currently, body weight-based dosing of rifampicin is recommended. But lately, fat-free mass (FFM) was reported to be superior to body weight (BW). The present evaluation aimed to assess the influence of body mass-related covariates on rifampicin's pharmacokinetics (PK) parameters in more detail using non-linear mixed effects modeling (NLMEM).

Plasma Concentrations of Tranylcypromine in Depressed Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: Two Case Reports.

Purpose: The prevalence of comorbid depression and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is high. The aim of this brief report was to review 2 cases of treatment with tranylcypromine (TCP) in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and CKD. Tests of the plasma concentration of TCP were included.

Bioavailability of oxycodone after administration of a new prolonged-release once-daily tablet formulation in healthy subjects, in comparison to an established twice-daily tablet .

Objective: To evaluate and to compare the bioavailability, the influence of food intake on the bioavailability, and the safety and tolerability of a newly-developed oxycodone once-daily (OOD) prolonged-release tablet with an established oxycodone twice-daily (OTD) prolonged-release tablet after single-dose administration under fasting or fed conditions as well as after multiple-dose administration.

Materials And Methods: Three single-center, open-label, randomized, balanced, two-treatment, two-period, two-sequence crossover studies were conducted. In each study, 36 healthy volunteers were randomized to receive 10 mg oxycodone daily as OOD (oxycodone HCL 10-mg PR tablets XL (Develco Pharma Schweiz AG, Pratteln, Switzerland); administration of 1 tablet in the morning) or as OTD (reference formulation: oxygesic 5-mg tablets (Mundipharma GmbH, Limburg an der Lahn, Germany); administration of 1 tablet in the morning and 1 tablet in the evening).

Should we use N-acetyltransferase type 2 genotyping to personalize isoniazid doses?

Isoniazid is metabolized by the genetically polymorphic arylamine N-acetyltransferase type 2 (NAT2). A greater number of high-activity alleles are related to increased acetylation capacity and in some reports to low efficacy and toxicity of isoniazid. The objective of this study was to assess individual isoniazid exposure based on NAT2 genotype to predict a personalized therapeutic dose.