[Survey on the use of nasal tamponades in sinunasal surgery].

Objective: Currently, there is an intensive discussion about enhancing and expanding outpatient rhinosurgical procedures. Many questions about how to stratify into out- and inpatient procedures are still not sufficiently clarified. Particularly, the use of nasal packing materials is not adequately discussed.

[Antiseptics in otorhinolaryngology-a substance overview].

For preoperative skin antisepsis, alcohol-containing iodine solutions and octenidine are suitable. For wound antisepsis, polyhexanide and hypochlorous acid (HOCL) are also available, but only PVP-iodine and HOCL can be applied to cartilage. Chlorhexidine should only be used as mouth- and bodywash for Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) decolonization.

Calculated parenteral initial treatment of bacterial infections: Infections in the ear, nose, throat and mouth and jaw area.

This is the sixth chapter of the guideline "Calculated initial parenteral treatment of bacterial infections in adults - update 2018" in the 2 updated version. The German guideline by the Paul-Ehrlich-Gesellschaft für Chemotherapie e.V.

Reduction of olfactory sensitivity during normobaric hypoxia.

Objective: Acute mountain sickness (AMS) is caused by a low partial pressure of oxygen and may occur above 2500m. The aim of this research was to evaluate olfactory and gustatory abilities of healthy subjects during baseline conditions and after seven hours of normobaric hypoxia.

Methods: Sixteen healthy subjects were assessed using the Sniffin' Sticks, as well as intensity and pleasantness ratings.

Frequency of bilateral cervical metastases in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective analysis of 203 cases after bilateral neck dissection.

The decision whether to perform an elective neck dissection in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and clinically negative lymph nodes (cN0) is made based on the probability of micrometastases in the neck for the given subsite and size of the primary. A retrospective chart review was performed of 203 patients with hypopharyngeal SCC who received a bilateral neck dissection. The frequency of histologically unveiled bilateral neck metastases was determined.

Labial Salivary Glands in Infants: Histochemical Analysis of Cytoskeletal and Antimicrobial Proteins.

Human labial glands secrete mucous and serous substances for maintaining oral health. The normal microbial flora of the oral cavity is regulated by the acquired and innate immune systems. The localization and distribution of proteins of the innate immune system were investigated in serous acinar cells and the ductal system by the method of immunohistochemistry.

Atmospheric Pressure and Onset of Episodes of Menière's Disease - A Repeated Measures Study.

Background: External changes of air pressure are transmitted to the middle and inner ear and may be used therapeutically in Menière's disease, one of the most common vertigo disorders. We analyzed the possible relationship of atmospheric pressure and other meteorological parameters with the onset of MD vertigo episodes in order to determine whether atmospheric pressure changes play a role in the occurrence of MD episodes.

Methods: Patients of a tertiary outpatient dizziness clinic diagnosed with MD were asked to keep a daily vertigo diary to document MD episodes (2004-2009).

Susceptibility-weighted angiography visualizes hypoxia in cerebral veins.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of short- and long-term hypoxia on the depiction of cerebral veins in the susceptibility-weighted angiography (SWAN) sequence.

Materials And Methods: In the context of a study on brain adaptation mechanisms to hypoxia, 16 healthy men (aged 20-28 years) were studied through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) under room air conditions, short-term-hypoxia (7 minutes before and during the MRI scan), and long-term hypoxia (8.5 hours before and during the MRI scan).

No evidence of intracranial hypertension in trekkers with acute mountain sickness when assessed noninvasively with distortion product otoacoustic emissions.

Aims: The role of intracranial hypertension in acute mountain sickness (AMS) is a matter of debate. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) can be used to monitor the intracranial pressure (ICP) noninvasively with a level decrease at the frequencies f2=1 and 1.5 kHz indicating elevated ICP.

Immunolocalization of antimicrobial and cytoskeletal components in the serous glands of human sinonasal mucosa.

Secretory cells in the seromucous glands of paranasal sinuses secrete antibacterial proteins for innate immune mucosal integrity. We studied the localization of antimicrobial and cytoskeletal components of the human seromucous glands and respiratory epithelium of the maxillary sinus and the ethmoidal cells by immunohistochemical methods. The presence of a variety of defense proteins such as lysozyme, lactoferrin, cathelicidin, and defensin-1, -2, -3 point to a crucial role in the immune defense for the respiratory tract.

Comparative Study between the Surgeon's Intraoperative Evaluation and Histopathology for Diagnosis of Laryngeal Lesions.

Objective. To compare the surgeon's evaluation and histopathology for diagnosis of laryngeal lesions. Material.

Effects of acoustic stimuli used for vestibular evoked myogenic potential studies on the cochlear function.

Objective: To study if acoustic stimuli used for vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) studies can damage the cochlea.

Study Design: Prospective diagnostic study.

Setting: Academic tertiary referral center.

Complex level alterations of the 2f(1)-f(2) distortion product due to hypoxia.

Objective: For diagnostic purposes and a better understanding of the pathophysiology of inner ear hearing disorders it would be of great interest to have parameters available that indicate inner ear hypoxia. In animal studies typical hypoxia-related alterations of the 2f1-f2 distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) such as a reversible level decrease and destabilization could be demonstrated. The goal of this study was to investigate whether these hypoxia-associated alterations can also be observed in humans because this might help develop a new diagnostic tool for patients with inner ear disorders.

Modeling the measurements of cochlear microcirculation and hearing function after loud noise.

Objective: Recent findings support the crucial role of microcirculatory disturbance and ischemia for hearing impairment especially after noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). The aim of this study was to establish an animal model for in vivo analysis of cochlear microcirculation and hearing function after a loud noise to allow precise measurements of both parameters in vivo.

Study Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Does laryngopharyngeal reflux cause intraoral burning sensations? A preliminary study.

Intraoral burning sensations are a common problem in the otolaryngological practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate if laryngopharyngeal reflux can cause intraoral burning sensations by measuring oropharyngeal acid reflux. Patients with recurring intraoral burning sensations underwent oropharyngeal pH monitoring in our outpatient clinic.

Quantitative estimation of minor conductive hearing loss with distortion product otoacoustic emissions in the guinea pig.

Subclinical conductive hearing losses (CHLs) can affect otoacoustic emissions and therefore limit their potential in the assessment of the cochlear function. Theoretical considerations to estimate a minor CHL from DPOAE measurements [Kummer et al. (2006).

Frequency of bilateral cervical metastases in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective analysis of 352 cases after bilateral neck dissection.

Background: The decision whether to perform an elective neck dissection in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and clinically negative lymph nodes (cN0) is made based on the probability of micrometastases in the neck for the given subsite and size of the primary. To date there is limited information about contralateral and bilateral cervical lymph node metastases of oropharyngeal carcinoma.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of 352 patients with oropharyngeal SCC who received a bilateral neck dissection.

Exhaled and nasal nitric oxide in laryngectomized patients.

Background: Nitric oxide (NO) shows differing concentrations in lower and upper airways. Patients after total laryngectomy are the only individuals, in whom a complete separation of upper and lower airways is guaranteed. Thus the objective of our study was to assess exhaled and nasal NO in these patients.