Pressure injury incidence measurement as a quality improvement strategy: national trends in Switzerland.

Objective: This study sought to determine the risk-adjusted (controlled for patient characteristics) trend in pressure injury (PI) incidence in Switzerland.

Method: A secondary data analysis was conducted. The data originated from the national PI quality measurement based on a multicentre cross-sectional design with repeated annual measurements.

Characterization of O uncoupling in biodegradation reactions of nitroaromatic contaminants catalyzed by rieske oxygenases.

Rieske oxygenases are known as catalysts that enable the cleavage of aromatic and aliphatic C-H bonds in structurally diverse biomolecules and recalcitrant organic environmental pollutants through substrate oxygenations and oxidative heteroatom dealkylations. Yet, the unproductive O activation, which is concomitant with the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is typically not taken into account when characterizing Rieske oxygenase function. Even if considered an undesired side reaction, this O uncoupling allows for studying active site perturbations, enzyme mechanisms, and how enzymes evolve as environmental microorganisms adapt their substrates to alternative carbon and energy sources.

Elucidating the Role of O Uncoupling for the Adaptation of Bacterial Biodegradation Reactions Catalyzed by Rieske Oxygenases.

Oxygenation of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons by Rieske oxygenases is the initial step of various biodegradation pathways for environmental organic contaminants. Microorganisms carrying Rieske oxygenases are able to quickly adapt their substrate spectra to alternative carbon and energy sources that are structurally related to the original target substrate, yet the molecular events responsible for this rapid adaptation are not well understood. Here, we evaluated the hypothesis that reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by unproductive activation of O, the so-called O uncoupling, in the presence of the alternative substrate exert a selective pressure on the bacterium for increasing the oxygenation efficiency of Rieske oxygenases.

Risk-adjusted trend in national inpatient fall rates observed from 2011 to 2019 in acute care hospitals in Switzerland: a repeated multicentre cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate whether a significant trend regarding inpatient falls in Swiss acute care hospitals between 2011 and 2019 could be confirmed on a national level, and whether the trend persists after risk adjustment for patient-related fall risk factors.

Design: A secondary data analysis was conducted based on annual multicentre cross-sectional studies carried out between 2011 and 2019.

Setting: All Swiss acute care hospitals were obliged to participate in the surveys.

Influence of fumarate on interspecies electron transfer and the metabolic shift induced in Clostridium pasteurianum by Geobacter sulfurreducens.

Aims: In previous studies, it was demonstrated that co-culturing Clostridium pasteurianum and Geobacter sulfurreducens triggers a metabolic shift in the former during glycerol fermentation. This shift, attributed to interspecies electron transfer and the exchange of other molecules, enhances the production of 1,3-propanediol at the expense of the butanol pathway. The aim of this investigation is to examine the impact of fumarate, a soluble compound usually used as an electron acceptor for G.

Advances in Oxygen Isotope Analysis of Phosphate by Electrospray Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry for Studying the Microbial Metabolism of Microorganisms.

Understanding the impact of human activities on the metabolic state of soil and aquatic environments is of paramount importance to implement measures for maintaining ecosystem services. Variations of natural abundance 18O/16O ratios in phosphate have been proposed as proxies for the holistic assessment of metabolic activity given the crucial importance of phosphoryl transfer reactions in fundamental biological processes. However, instrumental and procedural limitations inherent to oxygen isotope analysis in phosphate and organophosphorus compounds have so far limited the stable isotope-based evaluation of metabolic processes.

Comparing risk-adjusted inpatient fall rates internationally: validation of a risk-adjustment model using multicentre cross-sectional data from hospitals in Switzerland and Austria.

Background: Inpatient falls in hospitals are an acknowledged indicator of quality of care. International comparisons could highlight quality improvement potential and enable cross-national learning. Key to fair cross-national comparison is the availability of a risk adjustment model validated in an international context.

Sequential dark fermentation and microbial electrolysis cells for hydrogen production: Volatile fatty acids influence and energy considerations.

Hydrogen production from food waste by coupling dark fermentation (DF) and microbial electrolysis cells (MEC) was studied. Metabolic patterns in DF, their effects on MECs efficiency, and the energy output of the coupling were investigated. Mesophilic temperature and acidic pH 5.

Improving the storage of cover crops by co-ensiling with different waste types: Effect on fermentation and effluent production.

Cover crops harvested at a low maturity stage generally have a high moisture content, which may generate energy losses during silage storage via effluent production and undesirable fermentations. This paper investigates the use of different waste types as absorbent co-substrates to be added before ensiling. The relation between the absorbent water holding capacity and silage effluent volume was first studied to find an effective parameter to prevent effluent production.

Elucidating the Role of O Uncoupling in the Oxidative Biodegradation of Organic Contaminants by Rieske Non-heme Iron Dioxygenases.

Oxygenations of aromatic soil and water contaminants with molecular O catalyzed by Rieske dioxygenases are frequent initial steps of biodegradation in natural and engineered environments. Many of these non-heme ferrous iron enzymes are known to be involved in contaminant metabolism, but the understanding of enzyme-substrate interactions that lead to successful biodegradation is still elusive. Here, we studied the mechanisms of O activation and substrate hydroxylation of two nitroarene dioxygenases to evaluate enzyme- and substrate-specific factors that determine the efficiency of oxygenated product formation.

Potential of Electronic Medical Record Data for National Quality Measurement.

National quality measurements with risk-adjusted provider comparison in health care nowadays usually require administrative or clinically measured data. However, both data sources have their limitations. Due to the digitalisation of institutions and the resulting switch to electronic medical records, the question arises as to whether these data can be made usable for risk-adjusted quality comparisons from both a content and a technical point of view.

Screening and Application of Ligninolytic Microbial Consortia to Enhance Aerobic Degradation of Solid Digestate.

Recirculation of solid digestate through digesters has been demonstrated to be a potential simple strategy to increase continuous stirred-tank reactor biogas plant efficiency. This study extended this earlier work and investigated solid digestate post-treatment using liquid isolated ligninolytic aerobic consortia in order to increase methane recovery during the recirculation. Based on sampling in several natural environments, an enrichment and selection method was implemented using a Lab-scale Automated and Multiplexed (an)Aerobic Chemostat system to generate ligninolytic aerobic consortia.

Hospital performance comparison of inpatient fall rates; the impact of risk adjusting for patient-related factors: a multicentre cross-sectional survey.

Background: Comparing inpatient fall rates can serve as a benchmark for quality improvement. To improve the comparability of performance between hospitals, adjustments for patient-related fall risk factors that are not modifiable by care are recommended. Thereafter, the remaining variability in risk-adjusted fall rates can be attributed to differences in quality of care provided by a hospital.

Conditions for efficient alkaline storage of cover crops for biomethane production.

An innovative process aiming to combine storage and alkali pretreatment of cover crops was investigated using lime as a low cost and environmental friendly reactant. Different lime loadings and Total Solid concentrations (TS) allowed to highlight the abiotic mechanisms of deacetylation during the early stages of the process. Long-term storage experiments of rye and sunflower cover crops at 100 g.

Mechanisms underlying Clostridium pasteurianum's metabolic shift when grown with Geobacter sulfurreducens.

Recently, a study showed that glycerol fermentation by Clostridium pasteurianum could be metabolically redirected when the electroactive bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens was added in the culture. It was assumed that this metabolic shift of the fermentative species resulted from an interspecies electron transfer. The aim of this study was to find out the mechanisms used for this interaction and how they affect the metabolism of C.

Which factors influence the prevalence of institution-acquired falls? Results from an international, multi-center, cross-sectional survey.

Purpose: Falls are a highly prevalent problem in hospitals and nursing homes with serious negative consequences such as injuries, increased care dependency, or even death. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive insight into institution-acquired fall (IAF) prevalence and risk factors for IAF in a large sample of hospital patients and nursing home residents among five different countries.

Design: This study reports the outcome of a secondary data analysis of cross-sectional data collected in Austria, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Turkey, and the United Kingdom in 2017 and 2018.

Leaching and degradation of S-Metolachlor in undisturbed soil cores amended with organic wastes.

Organic waste (OW) reuse in agriculture is a common practice fostered by benefits in terms of waste recycling and crop production. However, OW amendments potentially affect the fate of pesticide spread on fields to protect the crops from pests and weeds. The influence of OW on the sorption, degradation, and leaching of pesticides is generally studied for each mechanism separately under artificial laboratory conditions.

Microbial community redundance in biomethanation systems lead to faster recovery of methane production rates after starvation.

The Power-to-Gas concept corresponds to the use of the electric energy surplus to produce H by water electrolysis, that can be further converted to methane by biomethanation. However, the fluctuant production of renewable energy sources can lead to discontinuous H injections into the reactors, that may interfere with the adaptation of the microbial community to high H partial pressures. In this study, the response of the microbial community to H and organic feed starvation was evaluated in in-situ and ex-situ biomethanation.

Mixotrophic Growth of on Acetate and Butyrate: Interplay Between Substrate, C:N Ratio and pH.

Microalgae can be cultivated on waste dark fermentation effluents containing volatile fatty acids (VFA) such as acetate or butyrate. These VFA can however inhibit microalgae growth at concentrations above 0.5-1 g.

Long term alkaline storage and pretreatment process of cover crops for anaerobic digestion.

The aim of this work was to study an innovative alkaline process on two cover crops. CaO load of 60 g.kgTS was implemented to combine the functions of storage and pretreatment.

Modeling of interspecies electron transfer in anaerobic microbial communities.

Interspecies electron transfer (IET) is a key phenomenon in anaerobic ecosystems, which is traditionally modeled as hydrogen transfer. Recently discovered alternative mediated IET (MIET) or direct IET (DIET) offer exciting alternative mechanisms of microbial partnerships that could lead to new strategies for the improvement of biotechnologies. Here, we analyze mathematical modeling of DIET and MIET in anaerobic ecosystems.

Temperature and Inoculum Origin Influence the Performance of Ex-Situ Biological Hydrogen Methanation.

The conversion of H into methane can be carried out by microorganisms in a process so-called biomethanation. In ex-situ biomethanation H and CO gas are exogenous to the system. One of the main limitations of the biomethanation process is the low gas-liquid transfer rate and solubility of H which are strongly influenced by the temperature.

Robust operation through effluent recycling for hydrogen production from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste.

The stability of fermentative hydrogen production from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) was evaluated in this work using a strategy of effluent recycling. Three pretreatment conditions were applied on the recycled effluent: a) no heat shock treatment, b) one initial heat shock treatment (90 °C, 30 min) and c) systematic heat shock treatment at the beginning of each fermentation. When a systematic heat shock was applied, a maximal hydrogen yield of 17.

The impact of biogas digestate typology on nutrient recovery for plant growth: Accessibility indicators for first fertilization prediction.

In recent years, anaerobic digestion of organic waste (OW) is rapidly appearing as a winning waste management strategy by producing energy and anaerobic digestates that can be used as fertilizers in agricultural soils. In this context, the management of the OW treatment process to maximize agro-system sustainability satisfying the crop nutrient demands represents the main goal. To investigate these traits, two protocols to assess the plant availability of digestate nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were evaluated.

Biomethanation processes: new insights on the effect of a high H partial pressure on microbial communities.

Background: Biomethanation is a promising solution to upgrade the CH content in biogas. This process consists in the injection of H into an anaerobic digester, using the capacity of indigenous hydrogenotrophic methanogens for converting the injected H and the CO generated from the anaerobic digestion process into CH. However, the injection of H could cause process disturbances by impacting the microbial communities of the anaerobic digester.