"In the end, the story of climate change was one of hope and redemption": ChatGPT's narrative on global warming.

AI chatbots such as ChatGPT help people produce texts. According to media reporting, these texts are also used for educational purposes. Thus, AI influences people's knowledge and perception of current issues.

Digital behavioural signatures reveal trans-diagnostic clusters of Schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease patients.

The current neuropsychiatric nosological categories underlie pragmatic treatment choice, regulation and clinical research but does not encompass biological rationale. However, subgroups of patients suffering from schizophrenia or Alzheimer's disease have more in common than the neuropsychiatric nature of their condition, such as the expression of social dysfunction. The PRISM project presents here initial quantitative biological insights allowing the first steps toward a novel trans-diagnostic classification of psychiatric and neurological symptomatology intended to reinvigorate drug discovery in this area.

Relationships between social withdrawal and facial emotion recognition in neuropsychiatric disorders.

Background: Emotion recognition constitutes a pivotal process of social cognition. It involves decoding social cues (e.g.

Effect of disease related biases on the subjective assessment of social functioning in Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia patients.

Background: Questionnaires are the current hallmark for quantifying social functioning in human clinical research. In this study, we compared self- and proxy-rated (caregiver and researcher) assessments of social functioning in Schizophrenia (SZ) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and evaluated if the discrepancy between the two assessments is mediated by disease-related factors such as symptom severity.

Methods: We selected five items from the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.

The research domain criteria framework in drug discovery for neuropsychiatric diseases: focus on negative valence.

Drug discovery, particularly in the field of central nervous system, has had very limited success in the last few decades. A likely contributor is the poor translation between preclinical and clinical phases. The Research Domain Criteria of the National Institutes of Mental Health is a framework which aims to identify new ways of classifying mental illnesses that are based on observable behaviour and neurobiological measures, and to provide a guiding and evolving framework to improve the translation from preclinical to clinical research.

A quantitative approach to neuropsychiatry: The why and the how.

The current nosology of neuropsychiatric disorders allows for a pragmatic approach to treatment choice, regulation and clinical research. However, without a biological rationale for these disorders, drug development has stagnated. The recently EU-funded PRISM project aims to develop a quantitative biological approach to the understanding and classification of neuropsychiatric diseases to accelerate the discovery and development of better treatments.

Flibanserin-Stimulated Partner Grooming Reflects Brain Metabolism Changes in Female Marmosets.

Introduction: Female sexual interest and arousal disorder is personally distressing for women. To better understand the mechanism of the candidate therapeutic, flibanserin, we determined its effects on an index of brain glucose metabolism.

Aim: We hypothesized that chronic treatment with flibanserin would alter metabolism in brain regions associated with serotonergic function and female sexual behavior.

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis manifested as painful clavicular swelling: a case report.

Background: Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis is a form of non-bacterial osteomyelitis which occurs primarily in childhood. In some cases painful bone swelling occurs. After a malignancy has been ruled out, antibiotic therapy is often started to treat the osteomyelitis.

Brain region-specific transcriptomic markers of serotonin-1A receptor agonist action mediating sexual rejection and aggression in female marmoset monkeys.

Introduction: In a marmoset model of hypoactive female sexual function, we have shown that repeated administration of the serotonin (5-HT)-1A agonist R-(+)-8-hydroxy-2-(di-N-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) inhibits sexual receptivity in female marmoset monkeys and increases aggression toward the male pairmate.

Aim: The aims of this study are to investigate gene expression changes induced by 8-OH-DPAT in laser-microdissected brain areas that regulate female sexual function and to identify genes, functional gene classes, and pathways associated with 8-OH-DPAT-mediated inhibition of female sexual receptivity.

Methods: Gene expression was measured in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), medial preoptic area (mPOA), cornu ammonis-1 (CA1) area of the hippocampus (CA1), and dorsal raphé nucleus (DRN) of four 8-OH-DPAT-treated (0.

Chronic systemic administration of serotonergic ligands flibanserin and 8-OH-DPAT enhance HPA axis responses to restraint in female marmosets.

Background: Flibanserin, a novel serotonin (5-HT)(1A) agonist and 5-HT(2A) antagonist, has been shown to increase sexual desire and reduce distress in women with Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD). In marmoset monkeys, flibanserin has demonstrated pro-social effects on male-female pairmates, while the classic 5-HT(1A) agonist 8-OH-DPAT suppresses female sexual behavior and increases aggressive interactions between pairmates. Activation of 5-HT(1A) and 5-HT(2A) receptors is known to stimulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.

Flibanserin and 8-OH-DPAT implicate serotonin in association between female marmoset monkey sexual behavior and changes in pair-bond quality.

Introduction: Psychopathological origins of personally distressing, hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in women are unknown, but are generally attributed to an inhibitory neural regulator, serotonin (5-HT). Flibanserin, a 5-HT(1A) agonist and 5-HT(2A) antagonist, shows promise as a treatment for HSDD.

Aim: To test the hypothesis that female marmoset sexual behavior is enhanced by flibanserin and diminished by 8-OH-DPAT, in order to evaluate the efficacy of serotonergic modulation of female sexual behavior in a pairmate social setting comparable to humans.

Positron emission tomography assessment of 8-OH-DPAT-mediated changes in an index of cerebral glucose metabolism in female marmosets.

As part of a larger experiment investigating serotonergic regulation of female marmoset sexual behavior, this study was designed to (1) advance methods for PET imaging of common marmoset monkey brain, (2) measure normalized FDG uptake as an index of local cerebral metabolic rates for glucose, and (3) study changes induced in this index of cerebral glucose metabolism by chronic treatment of female marmosets with a serotonin 1A receptor (5-HT(1A)) agonist. We hypothesized that chronic treatment with the 5-HT(1A) agonist 8-OH-DPAT would alter the glucose metabolism index in dorsal raphe (DR), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), medial preoptic area of hypothalamus (mPOA), ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus (VMH), and field CA1 of hippocampus. Eight adult ovariectomized female common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) were studied with and without estradiol replacement.

Pramipexole extended release: a novel treatment option in Parkinson's disease.

Pramipexole, the most commonly prescribed dopamine agonist worldwide, meanwhile serves as a reference substance for evaluation of new drugs. Based on numerous clinical data and vast experiences, efficacy and safety profiles of this non-ergoline dopamine agonist are well characterized. Since October 2009, an extended-release formulation of pramipexole has been available for symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Multifunctional pharmacology of flibanserin: possible mechanism of therapeutic action in hypoactive sexual desire disorder.

Introduction: Flibanserin is a novel pharmacologic agent in late-stage clinical testing for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women.

Aim: The aim of this article is to review the hypothetical mechanism of action of flibanserin in HSDD.

Methods: A literature review was conducted of all published works on flibanserin and on related studies of serotonin (5-HT)(1A) receptors and 5-HT(2A) receptors, including their actions on monoamines and on sexual function.

Flibanserin, a drug intended for treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder in pre-menopausal women, affects spontaneous motor activity and brain neurochemistry in female rats.

Flibanserin, a 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist and 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist, is being developed for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in pre-menopausal women. Here, we investigated the effects of acute administration of flibanserin (15 and 45 mg/kg, p.o.

Acute and repeated flibanserin administration in female rats modulates monoamines differentially across brain areas: a microdialysis study.

Introduction: Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) is defined as persistent lack of sexual fantasies or desire marked by distress. With a prevalence of 10% it is the most common form of female sexual dysfunction. Recently, the serotonin-1A (5-HT(1A)) receptor agonist and the serotonin-2A (5-HT(2A)) receptor antagonist flibanserin were shown to be safe and efficacious in premenopausal women suffering from HSDD in phase III clinical trials.

Investigating the neuroprotective mechanism of action of a CDK5 inhibitor by phosphoproteome analysis.

Small molecule inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) protect neurons from cell death following various insults. To elucidate the cellular mechanism of action we investigated changes in protein phosphorylation in cultured rat cerebellar granule neurons after administration of the CDK5 inhibitor Indolinone A. By immunoblot analysis we detected enhanced phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) and the Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) substrate c-Jun.

Neuropeptide alterations in the hippocampal formation and cortex of transgenic mice overexpressing beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) with the Swedish double mutation (APP23).

The role of neuropeptides and the significance of peptidergic mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases are still unclear. In the periphery, nerve injury results in dramatic changes in the expression of neuropeptides. An important question regards to what extent similar changes occur, and similar mechanisms operate, after lesions and/or degeneration in the brain.

Part I: parkin-associated proteins and Parkinson's disease.

Parkin is an E3 ligase that plays an important role in the ubiquitin/proteosome pathway responsible for protein degradation events. Mutations in parkin result in a loss-of-function and lead to Parkinson's disease, a progressive neurological disorder of movement. Presumably, this occurs due to the toxic build-up of proteins that are no longer effectively cleared/degraded by the parkin-dependent ubiqutin/proteosome pathway.

Cholinergic changes in the APP23 transgenic mouse model of cerebral amyloidosis.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by extracellular deposits of amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) and a severe depletion of the cholinergic system, although the relationship between these two events is poorly understood. In the neocortex, there is a loss of cholinergic fibers and receptors and a decrease of both choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase enzyme activities. The nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM), which provides the major cholinergic input to the neocortex, undergoes profound neuron loss in AD.

Alzheimer's disease and the amyloid cascade hypothesis: ten years on.

The amyloid beta peptide as the major culprit of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis entered the research arena about a decade ago. The amyloid cascade hypothesis was vividly discussed, supported and contested. Has it held up to all challenges until today? It is alive as ever.