[Narcotic Use under Probation and Parole Supervision - A longitudinal Study of Risk-group-specific Recidivism under Abstinence Conditions].

Study Objective: The aim of this long-term study was to record substance-specific prevalences of illegal use of narcotics despite court-imposed abstinence requirements.

Methods: Urine assays were obtained by a public health department on the basis of administrative assistance for the probation department of a district court. The individual and valid allocation of these urine samples was ensured using a proven marker system.

[Urine Screening for Narcotics under Court-Imposed Abstinence Requirements: Comparative Validity of Forensic-Toxicological Analyses with Involvement of Public Health Services].

Aim Of The Study: Assessment of the comparative validity between qualitative and quantitative analyses of urine screenings for defined narcotics residues under court-imposed abstinence restrictions.

Methods: Following the introduction of a valid marker system which, based on the application of a defined sugar substance and its detection in the urine of person under probation in 2006, urine samples were assayed in administrative cooperation by a Bavarian public health office for probationary services for evidence of narcotics. The urine samples were sent to an external laboratory in order to carry out forensic toxicological analyses for defined narcotics.

Matrix Effects of Urine Marker Substances in LC-MS/MS Analysis of Drug of Abuse.

Background: Analysis of drug abuse is frequently performed using high-performance liquid chromatography with an MS/MS detector and electrospray ionization. In this context, matrix effects, like signal reduction by ion suppression of individual analytes, play an important role. In this study, the authors evaluated the matrix effect caused by polyethylene glycol (PEG) with chain lengths ranging from 6 to 12 repeating units in drug analysis by LC-MS/MS.

False-negative results in the immunoassay analysis of drugs of abuse: can adulterants be detected by sample check test?

Background The dilution or adulteration of urine is a serious problem in drugs of abuse testing. Tests to identify adulteration are currently available. This study investigated the ability of the CEDIA® sample check to detect adulteration.

The Urine Marker Test: An Alternative Approach to Supervised Urine Collection for Doping Control.

Background: Urine sample collection for doping control tests is a key component of the World Anti-Doping Agency's fight against doping in sport. However, a substantial number of athletes experience difficulty when having to urinate under supervision. Furthermore, it cannot always be ensured that athletes are actually delivering their own urine.

Urine labeling with orally applied marker substances in drug substitution therapy.

The compliance of 581 drug addicts attending six methadone substitution outpatient clinics was determined over a period of 18 months. Urine from these patients was labeled following oral administration of low molecular weight polyethylene glycols as marker substances. These substances were measured in approx.

Clinical use of polyethylene glycols as marker substances and determination in urine by liquid chromatography.

Adulteration of samples is a serious problem in the analysis of drugs of abuse. One of the most frequent methods is substitution of urines by "clean" urines to gain false-negative results in laboratory tests for drugs of abuse. One way to approach this problem may be to label the patient's urine with marker substances which are given orally prior to the delivery of urine.