Scopolamine (hyoscine) for preventing and treating motion sickness.

Background: Motion sickness - the discomfort experienced when perceived motion disturbs the organs of balance - may include symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, pallor, cold sweats, hypersalivation, hyperventilation and headaches. The control and prevention of these symptoms have included pharmacological, behavioural and complementary therapies. Although scopolamine (hyoscine) has been used in the treatment and prevention of motion sickness for decades, there have been no systematic reviews of its effectiveness.

Scopolamine for preventing and treating motion sickness.

Background: Motion sickness - the discomfort experienced when perceived motion disturbs the organs of balance - may include symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, pallor, cold sweats, hypersalivation, hyperventilation and headaches. The control and prevention of these symptoms have included pharmacological, behavioural and complementary therapies. Although scopolamine has been used in the treatment and prevention of motion sickness for decades, there have been no systematic reviews of its effectiveness.

Feasibility of an evidence-based literature search service for general practitioners.

Objective: To test the feasibility of an evidence-based clinical literature search service to help answer general practitioners' (GPs') clinical questions.

Design: Two search services supplied GPs who submitted questions with the best available empirical evidence to answer these questions. The GPs provided feedback on the value of the service, and concordance of answers from the two search services was assessed.

A novel frameshift mutation (2436insT) produces an immediate stop codon in the autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease 2 (PKD2) gene.

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder that can be caused by mutations in at least three different genes. Several mutations have been identified in PKD1 and PKD2 genes. Most of the mutations found in PKD2 gene are predicted to cause premature termination of the protein.

[Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: detection of a new mutation in the PKD1 gene].

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is an inherited disorder characterized by genetic heterogeneity. Up to three loci are involved in this disease, PKD1 on chromosome 16p13.3, PKD2 on 4q21, and a third locus of unknown location.

Isolated polycystic liver disease not linked to polycystic kidney disease 1 and 2.

Autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease occurs commonly in association with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, types 1 and 2. It may also exist as a separate entity, genetically distinct from autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease types 1 and 2, as has been recently established to exist in a Belgian family. We report here a large Argentinian family of Spanish-Belgian ancestry with autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease, where proximal and distal markers for both polycystic kidney disease 1 and 2 failed to demonstrate genetic linkage.

Deletion patterns in Argentine patients with Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy.

The identification of mutations in Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) patients is important for carrier detection in these families. We present the patterns of deletions of the dystrophin gene in Argentine population. DNA from 75 patients with DMD/BMD was analyzed by multiplex PCR and, in some cases, cDNA/Southern.

Genetic heterogeneity of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in Argentina.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is an inherited disorder with genetic heterogeneity. Up to three loci are involved in this disease, PKD1 on chromosome 16p13.3, PKD2 on 4q21, and a third locus of unknown location.

Interaction of the -170 cyclic AMP response element with the adjacent CCAAT box in the human fibronectin gene promoter.

In the fibronectin gene promoter the cAMP response element (CRE) and the CCAAT box are separated by only 20 base pairs (bp), i.e. two turns of double helix.

Cyclic AMP inhibits fibronectin gene expression in a newly developed granulosa cell line by a mechanism that suppresses cAMP-responsive element-dependent transcriptional activation.

The main role of the ovarian granulosa cells is to nurse the oocyte and to produce estradiol and progesterone upon stimulation by gonadotropins. In fact, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone control the expression of several genes during granulosa cell differentiation via cyclic AMP-dependent phosphorylations. Cyclic AMP stimulates transcription of genes that carry the cAMP-responsive element (CRE,5'TGACGTCA3') in their promoters.