Resident Support for the Federally Mandated Smoke-Free Rule in Public Housing: 2018-2022.

This study examines support for the Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD) mandatory smoke-free rule up to four years post-rule among smokers and non-smokers. A repeated cross-sectional design was used where District of Columbia public housing residents aged 18+ ( = 529) completed surveys during three time points: July 2018 (pre-rule), November 2018-March 2020 (post-rule), and September 2020-December 2022 (post-rule + COVID-19). Full support for the rule was indicated by agreeing that smoking should not be allowed in all indoor locations and within 25 feet of buildings.

Are excluding e-cigarettes a loophole in the smokefree public housing rule?

The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) required all Public Housing Authorities to become smokefree in July 2018, following an 18-month implementation period that began February 2017.

Behavioural intentions in response to a potential menthol cigarette sales ban: a survey examining smokers in Washington, DC public housing.

Objectives: Local, national and international policies are being proposed to ban the sale of menthol-flavoured tobacco products. With more bans being implemented, it is increasingly important to understand reactions to these bans among smokers of low socioeconomic status. This study examined public housing residents' behavioural intentions if menthol-flavoured cigarettes were no longer sold.

Individual Health Determinants That Predict Low Risk of Transitioning to Tobacco Use During Young Adulthood: An In-Depth Examination of Race and Ethnicity.

Introduction: The present study examines the contributions of individual-level health determinants on young adult tobacco use initiation to improve understanding of racial and ethnic distinctions and to inform effective tobacco prevention strategies.

Methods: Using time-to-event analyses, the 10-wave (2011-2016) Truth Initiative Young Adult Cohort, a probability-based, nationally representative sample of the US young adults aged 18-34 years (N = 7 665), provides data to examine differences in variables that influence tobacco uptake, by race and ethnicity.

Results: Among Non-Hispanic White young adults, having fewer peers who smoke cigarettes is protective against any tobacco initiation, whereas hazard of tobacco initiation increases for males, having low confidence to resist smoking, and having higher proclivity for sensation seeking.

Current Tobacco Use Trends and Harm Perceptions Among High School Students by Asthma Status and Sex, 2012-2018.

Background: Tobacco use is known to worsen asthma management. No studies have investigated how trends in youth tobacco use and related harm perceptions vary by asthma status and sex. This study examined these trends among Florida high school students during 2012-2018.

Smoking cessation intentions and attempts one year after the federally mandated smoke-free housing rule.

The present study examines public housing residents' smoking cessation intentions, expectancies, and attempts one year after implementation of the Department of Housing and Urban Development's mandatory smoke-free rule in public housing. The sample includes 233 cigarette smokers, ages 18-80, who reside in the District of Columbia Housing Authority. Data collection occurred between March and August 2019.

E-cigarette initiation predicts subsequent academic performance among youth: Results from the PATH Study.

Research shows cigarette smoking is associated with lower academic performance among youth. This study examines how initiating e-cigarette use is associated with subsequent academic performance. Data from Waves 2-4 youth and parent surveys of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study were analyzed.

Reactions to Sales Restrictions on Flavored Vape Products or All Vape Products Among Young Adults in the United States.

Introduction: Despite increases in e-cigarette sales restrictions, support for sales restrictions and perceived impact on young adult use are unclear.

Aims And Methods: We analyzed February-May 2020 data from a longitudinal study of 2159 young adults (ages 18-34; Mage = 24.75 ± 4.

Secondhand Exposure to Aerosols From Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Asthma Exacerbations Among Youth With Asthma.

Background: Current research suggests an association between the use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and asthma symptoms in youth, but little is known about the association of secondhand ENDS aerosol exposure and asthma control. The present study examines the relationship of secondhand ENDS aerosol exposure and asthma exacerbations among youth with asthma.

Methods: Youth who participated in the 2016 Florida Youth Tobacco survey (aged 11-17 years) with a self-reported diagnosis of asthma (N = 11,830) reported asthma attacks in the past 12 months, demographic characteristics, cigarette use, cigar use, hookah use, ENDS use, past 30-day secondhand smoke exposure, and past 30-day secondhand ENDS aerosol exposure.

Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Relationship between Aspirin Use and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Risk and Survival.

Background: African Americans (AA) experience higher incidence and mortality of lung cancer as compared with European Americans (EA). Inflammation is associated with lung cancer, many aspects of which differ between AA and EA. We investigated whether use, frequency, and duration of the anti-inflammatory drug aspirin were associated with lung cancer risk and survival, separately among AA and EA populations.

Electronic Cigarette Harm and Benefit Perceptions and Use Among Youth.

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to examine adolescent perceptions of harms and benefits associated with electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and their associations with use.

Methods: Data from the 2016 Florida Youth Tobacco Survey were analyzed in 2017. Participants who were in high school aged 14-17 years were included (n=22,884).

Prevalence and characteristics of secondhand smoke and secondhand vapour exposure among youth.

Background: It is well established that secondhand smoke (SHS) is harmful, and concern about the potential dangers associated with secondhand vapour (SHV) (ie, vapour from electronic vapour products, EVP) is growing. The present study examines the prevalence and characteristics associated with SHS and SHV exposure.

Methods: Data from youth aged 11-17 who completed the 2016 Florida Youth Tobacco Survey (n=58 616) were analysed.

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Acceptability of Adult Cigarette Smoking Among Florida Youth: Renormalization of Smoking?

Purpose: There is a dearth of research into whether electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) promote acceptance of cigarette smoking. Therefore, we aimed to assess the association between ENDS exposure, acceptance of cigarette smoking, and susceptibility to cigarette smoking.

Methods: Data from the 2014 Florida Youth Tobacco Survey with a state representative sample of middle and high school students (n = 68,928) were analyzed.

Association between Florida's smoke-free policy and acute myocardial infarction by race: A time series analysis, 2000-2013.

Introduction: Racial disparities in acute myocardial infarctions (AMIs) are increasing over time. Previous studies have shown that the implementation of smoke-free policies is associated with reduced AMI rates. The objective of this study was to determine the association between smoke-free policy and AMI hospitalization rates and smoking by race.

Differences in Cigarette Use and the Tobacco Environment Among Youth Living in Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Areas.

Purpose: To examine cigarette use and the tobacco-related environment among adolescents living in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas.

Methods: Data from adolescents ages 14-17 that completed the 2012 Florida Youth Tobacco Survey were analyzed (n = 40,746). This includes a representative sample of middle and high school students throughout the state.

E-Cigarette Use Among Florida Youth With and Without Asthma.

Introduction: Although prevalence of youth e-cigarette use has increased dramatically, little is known about e-cigarette use among youth with asthma and how it differs by metropolitan status. This study assessed the prevalence of e-cigarette use among youth by asthma and metropolitan status and examined the associations between e-cigarette use, susceptibility to cigarette smoking, and asthma attack.

Methods: High school student participants from the 2012 Florida Youth Tobacco Survey were included (N=36,085).

The influence of the social environment on youth smoking status.

Objective: Youth smoking is complex with multilevel influences. While much is known about certain levels of influence on youth smoking, the lack of focus on institutional influences is notable. This study evaluated the effects of ambient smoking attitudes and behaviors in schools on individual youth smoking.

Resting myocardial blood flow quantification using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the presence of stenosis: A computational fluid dynamics study.

Purpose: The extent to which atherosclerotic plaques affect contrast agent (CA) transport in the coronary arteries and, hence, quantification of myocardial blood flow (MBF) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is unclear. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the influence of plaque induced stenosis both on CA transport and on the accuracy of MBF quantification.

Methods: Computational fluid dynamics simulations in a high-detailed realistic vascular model were employed to investigate CA bolus transport in the coronary arteries.

College law enforcement and security department responses to alcohol-related incidents: a national study.

Background: Campus police and security personnel are often the first to respond to alcohol-related incidents on campus. The purpose of this study is to examine how campus law enforcement and security respond to alcohol-related incidents, and how consequences and communication differ based on characteristics of the incident.

Methods: Directors of campus police/security from 343 colleges across the United States completed a survey regarding usual practice following serious, underage, and less serious alcohol incidents on and off campus.

Community characteristics associated with smokefree park policies in the United States.

Introduction: Outdoor smokefree (SF) policies have the potential to decrease secondhand smoke exposure and denormalize smoking. In order to inform dissemination and evaluation of this emergent tobacco control strategy, this study examined the prevalence of SF park policies in the United States and the community-level characteristics associated with enactment of such policies.

Methods: Counties with existing SF park policies in one or more jurisdictions were identified using passive surveillance data from the American Nonsmokers' Rights Foundation (ANR).

Characteristics associated with initiation of the human papillomavirus vaccine among a national sample of male and female young adults.

Purpose: To examine rates of human papillomavirus vaccine initiation, and characteristics associated with initiation, among a national sample of male and female young adults.

Methods: Participants (n = 3,448; 48% female) were recruited using a Web-based, respondent-driven sampling strategy and completed a Web-based survey between October and December 2010.

Results: A total of 45% of females and 4% of males initiated the vaccine.

Nondaily smoking patterns in young adulthood.

Purpose: Many young adult smokers routinely smoke less than daily. Prospective, longitudinal data are needed to describe and predict the influences on smoking patterns among nondaily young adult smokers.

Methods: Latent class growth analysis was used to examine developmental trajectories and predictors of nondaily cigarette smoking among young adults aged 18 to 21 in the Upper Midwestern United States.