Genetic diversity of strawberry mild yellow edge virus from eastern Canada.

Strawberry mild yellow edge virus (SMYEV) is a member of the genus Potexvirus, family Alphaflexiviridae. It is one of the most common pathogenic viruses infecting cultivated strawberries worldwide. In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity of SMYEV in strawberry fields that were severely affected by strawberry decline disease in the eastern Canadian provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and Quebec.

Immersive Virtual Reality as an Adjunctive Non-opioid Analgesic for Pre-dominantly Latin American Children With Large Severe Burn Wounds During Burn Wound Cleaning in the Intensive Care Unit: A Pilot Study.

Using a within-subjects, within-wound care design, this pilot study tested for the first time, whether immersive virtual reality (VR) can serve as an adjunctive non-opioid analgesic for children with large severe burn wounds during burn wound cleaning in the ICU, in a regional burn center in the United States, between 2014-2016. Participants included 48 children from 6 years old to 17 years of age with >10% TBSA burn injuries reporting moderate or higher worst pain during no VR on Day 1. Forty-four of the 48 children were from developing Latin American countries.

The Fit Family Challenge: A Primary Care Childhood Obesity Pilot Intervention.

Background: Childhood obesity has increased dramatically over several decades, and the American Academy of Pediatrics has recommended primary care practices as ideal sites for the identification, education, and implementation of therapeutic interventions. The objective of this study was to describe the implementation and results for the Fit Family Challenge (FFC), a primary care-based childhood obesity intervention.

Methods: A single-intervention pilot project that trains primary care practices on childhood obesity guidelines and implementation of a family-focused behavior modification curriculum.

Genome sequence analysis of five Canadian isolates of strawberry mottle virus reveals extensive intra-species diversity and a longer RNA2 with increased coding capacity compared to a previously characterized European isolate.

In this study, we report the genome sequence of five isolates of strawberry mottle virus (family Secoviridae, order Picornavirales) from strawberry field samples with decline symptoms collected in Eastern Canada. The Canadian isolates differed from the previously characterized European isolate 1134 in that they had a longer RNA2, resulting in a 239-amino-acid extension of the C-terminal region of the polyprotein. Sequence analysis suggests that reassortment and recombination occurred among the isolates.

The complete nucleotide sequence and genome organization of pea streak virus (genus Carlavirus).

Pea streak virus (PeSV) is a member of the genus Carlavirus in the family Betaflexiviridae. Here, the first complete genome sequence of PeSV was determined by deep sequencing of a cDNA library constructed from dsRNA extracted from a PeSV-infected sample and Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (RACE) PCR. The PeSV genome consists of 8041 nucleotides excluding the poly(A) tail and contains six open reading frames (ORFs).

The complete genome sequence of a new polerovirus in strawberry plants from eastern Canada showing strawberry decline symptoms.

Strawberry decline disease, probably caused by synergistic reactions of mixed virus infections, threatens the North American strawberry industry. Deep sequencing of strawberry plant samples from eastern Canada resulted in the identification of a new virus genome resembling poleroviruses in sequence and genome structure. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that it is a new member of the genus Polerovirus, family Luteoviridae.

Strategies for managing imaging utilization.

Imaging represents a substantial and growing portion of the costs of American health care. When performed correctly and for the right reasons, medical imaging facilitates quality medical care that brings value to both patients and payers. When used incorrectly because of inappropriate economic incentives, unnecessary patient demands, or provider concerns for medical-legal risk, imaging costs can increase without increasing diagnostic yields.

Partial Nucleotide Sequence and Genome Organization of a Canadian Isolate of Little cherry virus and Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay-Based Diagnostic Test.

ABSTRACT Approximately 12.4 kb of the genome of a mealybug-transmissible, North American isolate of Little cherry virus (LChV-3, previously designated LChV-LC5) has been cloned and sequenced. The sequenced portion of the genome contains 10 open reading frames (ORFs) and, based on sequence comparisons, encodes a putative RNA helicase (HEL), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (POL), two coat proteins (CPs), a homologue of HSP70, a 53K protein (p53) that is similar to an equivalent-size protein in other closteroviruses, and a 22K (p22) protein of unknown function.

Partial characterization of a closterovirus associated with apple mealybug-transmitted little cherry disease in north america.

ABSTRACT Little cherry disease (LChD) is a serious economic problem of sweet cherry production in western North America where apple mealybug is the principle vector. LChD is associated with a distinct species of double-stranded (ds) RNA. In this study, filamentous virus particles were purified from LChD-infected trees and shown to contain single-stranded RNA corresponding to the previously reported dsRNA isolated from infected trees.

Nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic analysis of a new potexvirus: Malva mosaic virus.

A filamentous virus isolated from Malva neglecta Wallr. (common mallow) and propagated in Chenopodium quinoa was grown, cloned and the complete nucleotide sequence was determined (GenBank accession # DQ660333). The genomic RNA is 6858 nt in length and contains five major open reading frames (ORFs).

Nicotiana occidentalis: A New Herbaceous Host for Blueberry scorch virus.

Blueberry scorch virus(BlScV) is a carlavirus that causes a serious disease of blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) in North America (2). In aphid-transmission studies of BlScV using blueberry as host and test species, we found the rate of transmission to be low, and a lengthy incubation period was required before BlScV could be detected.

New Variant of Little cherry virus Associated with Little Cherry Disease of Sweet Cherry in British Columbia, Canada.

Little cherry disease (LChD) occurs in most cherry growing areas in the world. Infection of sensitive cultivars results in small fruit with poor color, angular shape, and insipid flavor. Three viruses associated with LCD have been described: (i) Little cherry virus-1 (LChV-1) first found and described in Germany (4); (ii) LChV-2 an isolate obtained from the United States (2); and (iii) LChV-3 first found and described in British Columbia (1).

First Report of Pepino mosaic virus in Canada and the United States.

During the winter of 2000, tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum) with a bright yellow leaf mosaic were observed in a commercial greenhouse in southern Ontario, Canada. Examination of leaf extracts, using leaf dips and immunosorbent absorption electron microscopy (ISEM), showed flexuous rods consistent with the potexvirus group. Polyclonal antibodies raised against the original Peruvian Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) isolate (1) and commercial antibodies obtained from Deutsche Sammlung von Mikro-organismen und Zellkulturen (DSMZ), GmbH, Braunsweig, Germany, and Plant Research International (PRI), Wageningen, the Netherlands, were used in ISEM.

Premature craniosynostosis. A retrospective analysis of a series of 52 cases.

A retrospective analysis of a consecutive series of 52 cases with premature craniosynostosis is presented. Excellent functional, cosmetic, and social results could be achieved by resection of prematurely fused sutures and the creation of artificial growth sutures. Pronounced skull deformities have been corrected using the "basket handle", the "visor plasty", and the "T- bone" techniques or a combination of several of these skull form correction techniques.

T-bone plastique for treatment of brachy-turricephaly.

The "T-Bone Plastique", which is presented in this paper, allows a surgical correction even of extreme cases of brachy-turricephaly together with malformations of the occipital region in one operative session. Brachy-turricephaly is characterized by abnormal vertical height of the skull and a shortening of its anterior-posterior length, frequently combined with malformations of the occipital region. Resection of the prematurely closed coronal suture, bi-parietal trepanations with 90 degrees rotation and side-exchange of the parietal bone flaps, double transverse trepanation of the occipital bone and outward bending and shifting of the bone fragments enable a bony remodeling and normalization of the deformed skull.

Solitary plasmacytoma of the sternum: diagnosis by computed tomography.

We report a large solitary plasmacytoma arising in the sternum of a 62-year-old man. On computed tomography the tumor demonstrated a multilobular appearance associated with bone destruction and expansion and absence of intrinsic calcification. Computed tomography was helpful in determining the size and extent of the tumor and in suggesting the correct diagnosis.

Computed tomography of hydrocele of the tunica vaginalis.

The CT appearance of hydrocele of the tunica vaginalis is described. Embryology of testicular descent and the anatomic relationship of the testis to the tunica vaginalis are described.