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Objetivo. Describir la prevalencia de hipertensión arterial (HTA) en adultos mexicanos, la proporción que tiene tensión arterial (TA) controlada y la tendencia en el periodo 2018-2020. Material y métodos.

Factors associated with delays in the search for care in under-5 deaths in Yucatán, Mexico.

Objective: We examined delays during the search for care and associations with mother, child, or health services characteristics, and with symptoms reported prior to death.

Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional study compris-ing household interviews with 252 caregivers of children under-5 who died in the state of Yucatán, Mexico, during 2015-2016. We evaluated the three main delays: 1) time to identify symptoms and start search for care, 2) transport time to health facility, and 3) wait time at health facility.

Bringing a health systems modelling approach to complex evaluations: multicountry applications in HIV, TB and malaria.

Introduction: Understanding how to deliver interventions more effectively is a growing emphasis in Global Health. Simultaneously, health system strengthening is a key component to improving delivery. As a result, it is challenging to evaluate programme implementation while reflecting real-world complexity.

Advances and challenges on the path toward the SDGs: subnational inequalities in Mexico, 1990-2017.

Background: The sustainable development goals (SDGs) have generated momentum for global health, aligning efforts from governments and international organisations toward a set of goals that are expected to reflect improvements in life conditions across the globe. Mexico has huge social inequalities that can affect access to quality care and health outcomes. The objective of this study is to analyse inequalities among Mexico's 32 states on the health-related SDG indicators (HRSDGIs) from 1990 to 2017.

How to deal with the suffering: Utility of an emotional containment strategy to collect data for verbal autopsies in Mexico.

Verbal autopsies are often used to establish cause of death but can be emotionally taxing on the interviewers. We conducted focus groups with interviewers ( = 15) who collected data for verbal autopsies in Mexico in order to explore the utility of an emotional containment strategy designed to boost self-confidence and resilience. The interviewers reflected on broader cultural perspectives on illness and death and described the strategy as helpful in developing strategies to manage emotionally stressful situations and develop their confidence in their work performance.

Unintentional injuries in Mexico, 1990-2017: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.

Background: To date, the burden of injury in Mexico has not been comprehensively assessed using recent advances in population health research, including those in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (GBD 2017).

Methods: We used GBD 2017 for burden of unintentional injury estimates, including transport injuries, for Mexico and each state in Mexico from 1990 to 2017. We examined subnational variation, age patterns, sex differences and time trends for all injury burden metrics.

Access and use of oxytocin for postpartum haemorrhage prevention: a pre-post study targeting the poorest in six Mesoamerican countries.

Objectives: Haemorrhage remains the leading cause of maternal mortality in Central America. The Salud Mesoamérica Initiative aims to reduce such mortality via performance indicators. Our objective was to assess the availability and administration of oxytocin, before and after applying Salud Mesoamérica Initiative interventions in the poorest health facilities across Central America.

Appropriate and timely antibiotic administration for neonatal sepsis in Mesoamérica.

Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of mortality among children under-5 in Latin America. The Salud Mesoamérica Initiative (SMI), a multicountry results-based aid programme, was designed to improve maternal, newborn and child health in impoverished communities in Mesoamérica. This study examines the delivery of timely and appropriate antibiotics for neonatal sepsis among facilities participating in the SMI project.

Healthy competition drives success in results-based aid: Lessons from the Salud Mesoamérica Initiative.

Objectives: The Salud Mesoamérica Initiative (SMI) is a three-operation strategy, and is a pioneer in the world of results-based aid (RBA) in terms of the success it has achieved in improving health system inputs following its initial operation. This success in meeting pre-defined targets is rare in the world of financial assistance for health. We investigated the influential aspects of SMI that could have contributed to its effectiveness in improving health systems, with the aim of providing international donors, bilateral organizations, philanthropies, and recipient countries with new perspectives that can help increase the effectiveness of future assistance for health, specifically in the arena of RBA.

Evaluation of the quality of antenatal care using electronic health record information in family medicine clinics of Mexico City.

Background: Evaluation of the quality of antenatal care (ANC) using indicators should be part of the efforts to improve primary care services in developing countries. The growing use of the electronic health record (EHR) has the potential of making the evaluation more efficient. The objectives of this study were: (a) to develop quality indicators for ANC and (b) to evaluate the quality of ANC using EHR information in family medicine clinics (FMCs) of Mexico City.

Moving beyond essential interventions for reduction of maternal mortality (the WHO Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health): a cross-sectional study.

Background: We report the main findings of the WHO Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health (WHOMCS), which aimed to assess the burden of complications related to pregnancy, the coverage of key maternal health interventions, and use of the maternal severity index (MSI) in a global network of health facilities.

Methods: In our cross-sectional study, we included women attending health facilities in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East that dealt with at least 1000 childbirths per year and had the capacity to provide caesarean section. We obtained data from analysis of hospital records for all women giving birth and all women who had a severe maternal outcome (SMO; ie, maternal death or maternal near miss).

Association between serum uric acid levels and cardiovascular risk among university workers from the State of Mexico: a nested case-control study.

Background: Recent evidence suggests that serum uric acid (SUA) can be an inexpensive and easy-to-obtain indicator of cardiovascular risk (CR). This is especially important in developing countries with high prevalence of cardiovascular disease. We examined the association between SUA levels and 10-year global CR among university workers from the State of Mexico, Mexico.

[Effect of a community-based intervention to improve the knowledge on the warning signs of maternal complications among Mayan women from Yucatan randomized controlled trial].

Objective: To evaluate a community-based intervention aimed to improve women's knowledge on alarm signs for preeclampsia-eclampsia, obstetrical hemorrhage, and puerperal sepsis, in Mayan pregnant women in the state of Yucatan, Mexico, in 2008, using participatory methodology.

Material And Methods: Community-based randomized controlled trial, with experimental (n = 28) and control (n = 28) groups. Participatory strategies with translators of Mayan language were used.

[Situational profile and intervention strategy in the Mesoamerican region in maternal, neonatal and reproductive health area].

To present the main results of the regional situation diagnosis and intervention plan developed in 2010 as part of the planning activities of the Mesoamerican Health System by the Working Group on Maternal, Reproductive and Neonatal Health. A group of experts and representatives from countries in the region (Central America and nine southern Mexican states) conducted an exhaustive review of available data to construct a situational analysis and a review of effective practices for improving maternal, reproductive and neonatal health. Finally, the group proposed a regional action plan, defining regional goals and specific interventions.

Risk and protective factors associated with postnatal depression in Mexican adolescents.

We explored factors associated with postnatal depression and further evaluated whether any of these risk and protective factors are specific for adolescent mothers. Data concerning depression levels, family and individual factors were collected in a cross-sectional study which surveyed 298 women in Monterrey, N.L.

Early hospital discharge and early puerperal complications.

Objective: To evaluate the association between time of postpartum discharge and symptoms indicative of complications during the first postpartum week.

Materials And Methods: Women with vaginal delivery at a Mexico City public hospital, without complications before the hospital discharge, were interviewed seven days after delivery. Time of postpartum discharge was classified as early (<24 hours) or late (>25 hours).

[The experience of the Mexican maternal health care program Arranque Parejo en la Vida].

Objective: To evaluate the implementation of its participative strategies and the creation of support networks for poor pregnant women.

Material And Methods: A qualitative and comparative evaluation was carried on in four states.

Results: Coordination and community participation were relevant in relation with major resources allocation and availability, particularly housing and transportation.

Screen time and adiposity in adolescents in Mexico.

Objective: To assess the association of time spent viewing television, videos and video games with measures of fat mass (BMI) and distribution (triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses (TSF, SSF)).

Design: Cross-sectional validated survey, self-administered to students to assess screen time (television, videos and video games) and lifestyle variables. Trained personnel obtained anthropometry.

Overweight and obesity in school children aged 5 to 11 years participating in food assistance programs in Mexico.

Objective: To determine the association between overweight and obesity among Mexican school-aged children and participation in the Liconsa milk and the School Breakfast food assistance programs.

Material And Methods: Data from 15 003 school-aged children included in the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2006 (ENSANUT 2006) were analyzed. Information on body mass index (BMI) and participation in food assistance programs was obtained.

Physical activity and overweight/obesity in adult Mexican population: the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2006.

Objective: To determine the association between physical activity and overweight/obesity in Mexican adults.

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional design. Adults 20 to 69 years of age were included in the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2006 (ENSANUT 2006).

Obesity, overweight, screen time and physical activity in Mexican adolescents.

Objective: To determine whether screen time and physical activity is related to overweight or obesity in adolescents.

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional design. Adolescents aged 10 to 19 were included in the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2006 (ENSANUT 2006).

[Use of family planning services and its relationship with women's decision-making and support from their partner].

Objective: To identify the influence of reproductive characteristics and women empowerment with the use of family planning services.

Material And Methods: Cases and non-cases design with neighborhood controls (147 users and 146 non-users of family planning services during 2003), in Guanajuato State, Mexico. Various indexes were constructed to evaluate women's empowerment and its relationship with family planning use.

[Health expenditure related to disability. A study with poor population in Mexico].

Objective: To estimate the effect of disability and incapacity in health expenditure in poor households in Mexico.

Material And Methods: This is an analysis of baseline survey of the Oportunidades evaluation. Households with siblings with structural disability or incapacity were identified, and health expenditure was estimated.