Using data collected by the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey - COVID-19 (PNAD-COVID19) and semi-Bayesian modelling developed by Wu et al., we have estimated the effect of underreporting of COVID-19 cases in Brazil as of December 2020. The total number of infected individuals is about 3 to 8 times the number of cases reported, depending on the state.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: This study demonstrates that auxiliary and exclusion criteria variables increase the effectiveness of missing imputation in correcting underestimation of physiologic reactivity in relation to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) caused by deleting cases with missing physiologic data.
Methods: This study used data from survivors of the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing and imputed missing heart rate data using auxiliary and exclusion criteria variables. Logistic regression was used to examine heart rate reactivity in relation to current PTSD.