Occurrence of Neofusicoccum parvum Causing Canker and Branch Dieback of European Hazelnut in Maule Region, Chile.

The European hazelnut (Corylus avellana) is an important fruit crop cultivated in Chile, with over 17,000 ha planted (46%) in the Maule region, central Chile. During a routine orchard survey in seasons 2020-2021 and 2021-2022, in the Maule region, canker and dieback symptoms were observed in two commercial orchards of European hazelnut cv. Tonda Di Giffoni in San Rafael (8-year-olds) and Linares (15-year-olds), with an incidence between 10% and 36%, respectively, based on external symptoms.

Duration of the susceptibility of pruning wounds of different ages to infections by on grapevine cv. Cabernet Sauvignon in Central Chile.

Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) are one of the most important phytosanitary problems that affect grapevines () worldwide. In Chile, is the major fungal trunk pathogen associated with GTDs. In the vineyards, the natural infections by are associated with air-borne conidia dispersed onto fresh pruning wounds from pycnidia.

First Report of Pantoea agglomerans Causing a Leaf Blight and Bulb Rot of Onion in Chile.

Onion (Allium cepa L) is an important vegetable crop in Chile with 3.675 ha (ODEPA, www.odepa.

Dothiorella sarmentorum Causing Branch Dieback of English Walnut in Maule Region, Chile.

English walnut (Juglans regia), cv. Chandler is the most cultivated tree nut in Chile, with 43,734 ha. In Maule Region, central Chile, English walnut plantings have expanded over an additional 7,000 ha in the last five years.

Characterization and Pathogenicity of , , and Species Causing Botryosphaeria Canker and Dieback of Apple Trees in Central Chile.

In recent years, the number of apple trees affected by Botryosphaeria cankers and dieback has considerably increased in central Chile. This study aimed to identify the species of Botryosphaeriaceae associated with canker and dieback symptoms, estimate disease incidence and distributions, and study their pathogenicity and virulence on apple and other fruit crops. A field survey of 34 commercial orchards of apple (7 to 30 years old) was conducted in 16 localities, obtaining 270 symptomatic branch and trunk samples in 2017 and 2018 growing seasons.

Characterization of and . From Healthy Floral Structures and Decayed 'Hayward' Kiwifruit During Post-Harvest Storage.

Gray mold is the primary postharvest disease of 'Hayward' kiwifruit () in Chile, with a prevalence of 33.1% in 2016 and 7.1% in 2017.

Characterization and Pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae Species Obtained from Avocado Trees with Branch Canker and Dieback and from Avocado Fruit with Stem End Rot in Chile.

Several species of the Botryosphaeriaceae family have been associated with branch canker, dieback, and stem end rot in avocado ( Mill.). In Chile, the incidence of diseases affecting the avocado tree increased from 2011 to 2016, which coincided with a severe drought that affected avocado production.

Identification and Characterization of Alternaria Species Associated with Moldy Core of Apple in Chile.

Moldy core (MC) of apple is an important disease in Chile, with prevalence observed between 4 and 46% in Fuji, Oregon Spur Red Chief, and Scarlet apple in the 2014-15 and 2015-16 growing seasons. However, there is no information on the identity of the causal agents associated with MC in Chile. The analysis of 653 MC fruit revealed the presence of several genera of filamentous fungi.

Identification and Characterization of Diaporthe ambigua, D. australafricana, D. novem, and D. rudis Causing a Postharvest Fruit Rot in Kiwifruit.

Diaporthe spp. are important plant pathogens causing wood cankers, blight, dieback, and fruit rot in a wide range of hosts. During surveys conducted during the 2013 and 2014 seasons, a postharvest rot in Hayward kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) was observed in Chile.

Identification and Characterization of Botrytis Blossom Blight of Japanese Plums Caused by Botrytis cinerea and B. prunorum sp. nov. in Chile.

Blossom blight is a destructive disease of plums (Prunus salicina) when humid and temperate weather conditions occur in Chile. Disease incidence ranging from 4 to 53% has been observed. Symptoms include light brown petal necrosis, starting as light brown mottles or V-shaped necrosis at the margins of the petals, progressing to the stamen and pistils.

Infection Caused by Phaeomoniella chlamydospora Associated with Esca-like Symptoms in Grapevine in Chile.

Trunk diseases such as esca have been recognized as an economically important problem of grapevine worldwide. A study was conducted to characterize the distribution of Phaeomoniella chlamydospora in Chile. A field survey of young and mature grapevines from 67 vineyards located along a 1,315-km north-south axis demonstrated that P.

Characterization of Diaporthe australafricana and Diaporthe spp. Associated with Stem Canker of Blueberry in Chile.

Stem canker and dieback are important factors that limit the longevity and reduce the yield of blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) in Chile. In this study, species of Diaporthe associated with blueberry were isolated and identified.

Characterization of the Bull's Eye Rot of Apple in Chile.

Apple fruit in Chile are primarily produced for export to Asia, Europe, and the United States, which typically requires 15 to 40 days of maritime transportation. Therefore, Chilean apple production must fulfill the sanitization requirements imposed by the receiving countries. Under these circumstances, it was important to clarify the etiology of bull's eye rot that can severely affect 'Cripps Pink' apple and other late-harvest cultivars in Chile.

Ochratoxigenic Aspergillus species on grapes from Chilean vineyards and Aspergillus threshold levels on grapes.

This study reports the incidence of ochratoxigenic strains of Aspergillus on Chilean grapes (Vitis vinifera) and wineries, and production of OTA levels in wines with grapes having different levels of contamination with OTA-producing Aspergillus carbonarius was studied. A. carbonarius, A.

Characterization of Cladosporium Rot in Grapevines, a Problem of Growing Importance in Chile.

Cladosporium rot (Cladosporium spp.) of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is a common disease in Chile, particularly in Cabernet Sauvignon and other red wine grape cultivars. It is favored by delayed harvest to obtain the phenolic maturity necessary for high-quality red wine.

Canker and Twig Dieback of Blueberry Caused by Pestalotiopsis spp. and a Truncatella sp. in Chile.

Blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) has great economic importance in Chile, which currently has about 8,500 ha being cultivated. Recently, the presence of canker and dieback symptoms has been observed along the productive blueberry zone of Chile.