No longer to be ignored: Hypophosphatemia following intravenous iron administration.

Intravenous iron supplementation is increasingly used to safely and effectively correct iron deficiency anemia, but some formulations are linked to a renal phosphate wasting syndrome which is mediated by fibroblast growth factor 23. Unawareness among prescribers and the nonspecific clinical symptoms of hypophosphatemia result in underreporting of this complication. Even though it is often an asymptomatic and self-limiting condition, accumulating evidence from case reports and dedicated randomized controlled trials show that IV iron induced hypophosphatemia may be associated with clinical symptoms.

Combining data to perform population-based observational studies: know your sources. The case of thyroid cancer in Belgium.

Background: Large scale observational studies are crucial to study thyroid cancer incidence and management, known to vary in time and place. Combining cancer registry data with other data sources enables execution of population-based studies, provided data sources are accurate. The objective was to compare thyroid tumour and treatment information between the available data sources in Belgium.

Evolution in the management of thyroid cancer: an observational study in two referral centres in Belgium.

Objective Thyroid cancer incidence is increasing. The rise is most pronounced for microcancers (≤10 mm, T1a). In 2006, landmark European and American guidelines for the management of thyroid cancer were published.

Sodium glucose transporter protein 2 inhibitors: focusing on the kidney to treat type 2 diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide. Treatment of T2DM continues to present challenges, with a significant proportion of patients failing to achieve and maintain glycemic targets. Despite the availability of many oral antidiabetic agents, therapeutic efficacy is also offset by side effects such as weight gain and hypoglycemia.

Two distinct chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) phenotypes are associated with high risk of mortality.

Rationale: In COPD patients, mortality risk is influenced by age, severity of respiratory disease, and comorbidities. With an unbiased statistical approach we sought to identify clusters of COPD patients and to examine their mortality risk.

Methods: Stable COPD subjects (n = 527) were classified using hierarchical cluster analysis of clinical, functional and imaging data.