Exploring the Use of Ambientally Stored Methylene Diphosphonate Radiopharmaceutical Aliquots in Solving Challenging Situations in Developing Countries.

 The primary aim was to evaluate the prolonged quality characteristics of methyl diphosphonate (MDP) aliquots during ambient storage over a specified duration. This study further investigated potential additives that could enhance the stability of MDP aliquots stored under such conditions.  This was a laboratory-based experimental study conducted at the University Teaching Adult Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia.

Genomic Analysis of Strains Resistant to Second-Line Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs in Lusaka, Zambia.

The emergence of pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (pre-XDR-TB) is a threat to TB control programs in developing countries such as Zambia. Studies in Zambia have applied molecular techniques to understand drug-resistance-associated mutations, circulating lineages and transmission patterns of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) . However, none has reported genotypes and mutations associated with pre-XDR TB.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Isolated from Chickens and Humans in Wau, South Sudan.

Background: infections are a public health problem across the globe. In South Sudan, there is little information regarding the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of . Therefore, this study assessed the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates from chickens and humans in South Sudan.

Determination of the Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of and Associated with Poultry in Four Districts in Zambia.

The presence of antimicrobial-resistant in poultry is a growing public health concern worldwide due to its potential for transmission to humans. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and patterns of antimicrobial resistance and to detect drug-resistant genes in and in poultry from four districts in Zambia. Identification of was conducted using phenotypic methods.

Genome Sequence of a Clinical Isolate of the Human Pathogenic Strain " Borrelia fainii" Qtaro.

We report sequences of the complete linear chromosome and five linear plasmids of the relapsing fever spirochete " Borrelia fainii" Qtaro. The chromosome sequence of 951,861 bp and the 243,291 bp of plasmid sequences were predicted to contain 852 and 239 protein-coding genes, respectively. The predicted total GC content was 28.

Evidence of Community-Wide Spread of Multi-Drug Resistant in Young Children in Lusaka and Ndola Districts, Zambia.

Increased antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been reported for pathogenic and commensal , hampering the treatment, and increasing the burden of infectious diarrhoeal diseases in children in developing countries. This study focused on exploring the occurrence, patterns, and possible drivers of AMR isolated from children under-five years in Zambia. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Lusaka and Ndola districts.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles and Molecular Characterisation of from Pigs and Workers at Farms and Abattoirs in Zambia.

Pigs have been shown to be a reservoir for recently emerging livestock-associated (LA-SA), including methicillin resistant strains in many countries worldwide. However, there is sparse information about LA-SA strains circulating in Zambia. This study investigated the prevalence, phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of from pigs and workers at farms and abattoirs handling pigs in Lusaka Province of Zambia.

Isolation, discrimination, and molecular detection of Listeria species from slaughtered cattle in Namwala District, Zambia.

Background: The food industry is increasingly becoming more scrutinized, given the frequency and intensity with which zoonotic diseases are being reported. Pathogen tracking has become more applicable with regards food safety. It is in this regard that the present study was formulated to track Listeria species.

Awareness of Antimicrobial Resistance and Associated Factors among Layer Poultry Farmers in Zambia: Implications for Surveillance and Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health problem affecting animal and human medicine. Poultry production is among the primary sources of income for many Zambians. However, the increased demand for poultry products has led to a subsequent increase in antimicrobial use.

Evaluation of IS1245 LAMP in Mycobacterium avium and the influence of host-related genetic diversity on its application.

Early detection and treatment are paramount for the timely control of Mycobacterium avium infections. Herein, we designed a LAMP assay targeting a widely used species-specific marker IS1245 for the rapid detection of M. avium and evaluated its applicability using human (n = 137) and pig (n = 91) M.

Molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis in central parts of Malawi.

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a neglected disease that affects cattle and humans. The burden of bTB is higher in developing countries as compared to industrialized countries. The reasons behind this discrepancy include the fact that bTB control measures, such as testing and slaughter of infected cattle and pasteurization of milk, are not usually practised in developing countries largely because of their high cost.

Identification of and Related Enterobacteriaceae and Examination of Their Phenotypic Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns: A Pilot Study at A Wildlife-Livestock Interface in Lusaka, Zambia.

A cross-sectional study was used to identify and assess prevalence and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of and other enterobacteria isolated from healthy wildlife and livestock cohabiting at a 10,000 acres game ranch near Lusaka, Zambia. Purposive sampling was used to select wildlife and livestock based on similarities in behavior, grazing habits and close interactions with humans. Isolates ( = 66) from fecal samples collected between April and August 2018 ( = 84) were examined following modified protocols for bacteria isolation, biochemical identification, molecular detection, phylogenetic analysis, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing by disc diffusion method.

Development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method for specific detection of Mycobacterium bovis.

Bovine tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium bovis is a significant health threat to cattle and a zoonotic threat for humans in many developing countries. Rapid and accurate detection of M. bovis is fundamental for controlling the disease in animals and humans, and for the proper treatment of patients as one of the first-line anti-TB drug, pyrazinamide, is ineffective against M.

Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of spp. detected from striped leaf-nosed bats () in Zambia.

Bat trypanosomes consist of more than 30 trypanosome species from over 70 species of bats. Recent studies suggest that bats play a role in disseminating trypanosomes from African continent to the terrestrial mammals both in the Afrotropic-Palearctic Ecozones and Nearctic Ecozone. However, the diversity, distribution, and evolution of bat trypanosomes are still unclear.

Correction: Development and application of a Bacillus anthracis protective antigen domain-1 in-house ELISA for the detection of anti-protective antigen antibodies in cattle in Zambia.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Human Borreliosis Caused by a New World Relapsing Fever Borrelia-like Organism in the Old World.

Background: Relapsing fever is an infectious disease previously neglected in Africa, which imposes a large public health burden in the country. We aimed to investigate and report on a case of relapsing fever borreliosis in Zambia.

Methods: A previously unknown Borrelia species was isolated from the blood of a febrile patient.

Loss of Bacitracin Resistance Due to a Large Genomic Deletion among Strains.

Bacillus anthracis is a Gram-positive endospore-forming bacterial species that causes anthrax in both humans and animals. In Zambia, anthrax cases are frequently reported in both livestock and wildlife, with occasional transmission to humans, causing serious public health problems in the country. To understand the genetic diversity of B.

Development and application of a Bacillus anthracis protective antigen domain-1 in-house ELISA for the detection of anti-protective antigen antibodies in cattle in Zambia.

In Zambia, anthrax outbreaks among cattle are reported on nearly an annual basis. Presently, there is a lack of serological assays and information to develop an anthrax management and control strategy. In this study, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on recombinant protective antigen domain 1 (rPA-D1) of Bacillus anthracis was developed and used to detect anti-PA antibodies in cattle in Zambia.