Inter-rater-reliability, intra-rater-reliability and validity of clinical tests to assess cervical spine motor control abilities: A systematic review of diagnostic accuracy studies.

Background: Research into the aetiology of spinal pain has shown a clear tendency towards a sensorimotor control perspective. In contrast to the lumbar spine, the available motor control tests for the cervical spine are extremely varied, little studied and sometimes very costly.

Objective: Review the quality and choice of the available cervical spine motor control tests.