Metadehumanization in severe alcohol-use disorders: Links with fundamental needs and clinical outcomes.

Background: Dehumanization, i.e., the denial of one's humanity, has important consequences for social interactions.

High slow-wave sleep and low-light sleep: chronic fatigue syndrome is not likely to be a primary sleep disorder.

The status of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is still under debate. Mainstream views still often consider it as an undetected primary sleep disorder or as the psychosomatic expression of a related anxiety or depression syndrome. Both primary sleep disorder and CFS are often related to unrefreshing sleep and affective daytime symptoms.