The Role of Interventional Radiology in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations.

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are uncommon, predominantly congenital direct fistulous connections between the pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins, resulting in a right to left shunt. Patients with PAVMs are usually asymptomatic with lesions detected incidentally when radiological imaging is performed for other indications. In this review, we discuss the classification and radiological features of PAVMs as well as their treatment and follow-up options, with a particular focus on percutaneous endovascular techniques and the evolution of the available equipment for treatment.

How to do it: value-driven sharp recanalization of central vein occlusion.

Patients on haemodialysis are susceptible for central vein occlusions, which can result in debilitating clinical consequences. These may be resistant to conventional revascularization with guidewire and catheter technique. Value-driven sharp recanalization of central vein occlusion is depicted as a safe and affordable option.

Lumbar Artery Bleed as a Complication of Percutaneous Renal Biopsy and a Proposed Workflow for Massive Bleeding.

Injuries to extrarenal arteries caused by percutaneous biopsy needles are very rare but highly lethal due to delay in recognition. Here we report the case of an inadvertent lumbar artery puncture after native renal biopsy and provide a literature review and a proposed workflow for management of massive bleed after renal biopsy. This case highlights evidence-based management considerations regarding massive bleed after renal biopsy, including the first-line imaging modality and the need to consider extrarenal site bleed.