Publications by authors named "Bernar B"
Background: Physical activity (PA) protects against cardiovascular disease. However, previous research has shown that high PA is associated with an increased carotid intima-media-thickness (cIMT), an independent predictor for future cardiovascular disease. Our aim was to further investigate this unexpected association with two different measurement methods of PA and two established markers for Early Vascular Ageing: cIMT and carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity (cfPWV).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn adults, esophageal cancers are a global health concern. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for approximately 90% of esophageal carcinomas. The prognosis of esophageal cancers remains dismal, with a five-year survival rate below 20%.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Oral contraception is one of the most popular contraceptive methods both in adults and adolescents. However, the effects of oral contraception on lipids in adolescents are not well studied.
Methods: Lipid profiles were measured and contraceptive use was assessed in 14- to 19-year-old female participants of the prospective population-based Early Vascular Ageing-Tyrol Study between 2015 and 2018, twice on average 22 months apart.
(1) Background: Unhealthy dietary behaviors are estimated to be one of the leading causes of death globally and are often shaped at a young age. Here, we investigated adolescent diet quality and its predictors, including nutrition knowledge, in two large Central European cohorts. (2) Methods: In 3056 participants of the EVA-Tyrol and EVA4YOU prospective population-based cohort studies aged 14 to 19 years, diet quality was assessed using the AHEI-2010 and DASH scores, and nutrition knowledge was assessed using the questionnaire from Turconi et al.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNon-typhoidal infections (NTSI) can cause bacterial diarrhea, mostly leading to self-limiting gastroenteritis. However, in at-risk populations, NTSI can have severe complications. As transmission is most commonly foodborne, infection is rare in the breast- or bottle-fed very young.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Migraine with aura is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, yet the pathophysiology is unknown. Suggested underlying mechanisms of aura formation point into the direction of an abnormal vasoreactivity that also extends to the extracranial vasculature.
Methods: In the Early Vascular Ageing Tyrol study, a community-based non-randomized controlled trial conducted in 45 schools and companies in Tyrol (Austria) and South-Tyrol (Italy) between May 2015 and September 2018 aiming to increase cardiovascular health in adolescents, headache syndromes were classified according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders in a face-to-face interview.
Background And Aims: Preterm birth has been linked with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease from childhood into adolescence and early adulthood. In this study, we aimed to investigate differences in CV health profiles between former term- and preterm-born infants in a cohort of Tyrolean adolescents.
Methods: The Early Vascular Aging (EVA)-Tyrol study is a population-based non-randomized controlled trial, which prospectively enrolled 14- to 19-year-old adolescents in North Tyrol, Austria and South Tyrol, Italy between 2015 and 2018.
Background: Homocysteine (Hcy) has been associated with an adverse cardiovascular risk profile in adolescents. Assessment of the association between plasma Hcy levels and clinical/laboratory factors might improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease.
Methods: Hcy was measured in 1,900 14- to 19-year-old participants of prospective population-based EVA-TYROL Study (44.
Objective: Assessment of the prevalence of primary headache disorders, associated risk factors and use of acute/preventive medication in a representative large sample of adolescents.
Methods: Within the EVA-Tyrol project, a community-based non-randomized controlled cross-sectional study, data was collected from adolescents aged 14-19 years from 45 sites across North-, East- and South Tyrol. Headaches were classified according to the latest ICHD-3 and assessed by headache specialists in face-to-face interviews.
Background: In recent years, there has been increasing evidence that asthma is associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. However, data in children and adolescents are scarce and conflicting. We aimed to assess the impact of asthma with and without an allergic component on the carotid intima-media thickness in a large pediatric population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: Assessment of comprehensive lipoprotein subclass profiles in adolescents and their relation to vascular disease may enhance our understanding of the development of dyslipidemia in early life and inform early vascular prevention.
Methods: Nuclear magnetic resonance was used to measure lipoprotein profiles, including lipids (cholesterol, free cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids) and apolipoproteins (apoB-100, apoA1, apoA2) of 17 lipoprotein subclasses (from least dense to densest: VLDL-1 to -6, IDL, LDL-1 to -6, HDL-1 to -4) in n = 1776 14- to 19-year olds (56.6% female) and n = 3027 25- to 85-year olds (51.
Purpose: A significant proportion of noncommunicable diseases in adults has its roots in adolescence, and this is particularly true for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Detection of vascular and metabolic risk factors at young ages may aid disease prevention.
Methods: In 2,088 adolescents sampled from the general population of Tyrol, Austria, and South Tyrol, Italy, we systematically assessed the frequency of yet unknown vascular and metabolic risk conditions that require further diagnostic workup or intervention (lifestyle counselling or pharmacotherapy).
Background Cardiovascular disease depends on the duration and time course of risk factor exposure. Previous reports on risk factors of progression of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in the young were mostly restricted to high-risk populations or susceptible to certain types of bias. We aimed to unravel a risk factor signature for early vessel pathology based on repeated ultrasound assessments of the carotid arteries in the general population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study assesses the effectiveness of an antigen-based nasal screening program for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in Austrian schools, covering over 5,370 schools.
- By integrating nationwide screening data from March 2021 with a cohort study from 244 representative schools, the results highlight that only a portion of actual infections are identified, indicating low to moderate sensitivity.
- Conversely, the program shows a very high specificity, as most non-infected individuals tested negative for the virus.
Purpose: Early adoption of a healthy lifestyle has positive effects on cardiovascular health (CVH) in adulthood. In this study, we aimed to assess CVH metrics in a cohort of healthy teenagers with focus on differences between rural and urban areas.
Methods: The Early Vascular Aging (EVA) Tyrol study is a population-based non-randomized controlled trial, which prospectively enrolled 14- to 19-year-old adolescents in North Tyrol, Austria and South Tyrol, Italy between 2015 and 2018.
Background: Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C) is a neurodegenerative disease for which only palliative treatment exists, and only miglustat is effective in stabilizing neurological manifestations of NP-C. Ketogenic dietary therapies (KDT) are successfully used in patients with seizure disorders, including those associated with various inherited metabolic diseases (IMD), to reduce seizure frequency and medication requirement as well as to confer neuroprotection. Since patients with NP-C suffer pharmacorefractory seizures associated with ongoing neurodegeneration, KDT might be beneficial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: Ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) behaviors in adolescents are defined by body mass index (BMI), diet, physical activity and smoking, and are directly associated with better health in later life. To further improve health prevention programs we investigated the prevalence of these behaviors in a cohort of healthy adolescents and focused on the associations with sex, age, and education.
Methods And Results: The Early Vascular Aging Tyrol study is a cross-sectional study assessing 14- to 19-year-old pupils and apprentices in Western Austria and South Tyrol.
Background And Aims: Atherosclerosis starts early in life. We aimed to assess the dimension and progression of the intima-media thickness, a surrogate marker for early vascular aging, and its association with a broad palette of cardiovascular risk and lifestyle factors in a large cohort of healthy adolescents.
Methods: The EVA-Tyrol cohort study enrolled 1573 adolescents with a mean age of 16.
Objective: To assess the time point during infancy and early childhood at which greater than expected weight gain is associated with overweight in adolescence.
Study Design: Current height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were assessed in 1520 adolescents (mean age of boys, 15.52 ± 0.
Background: According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading non-communicable cause of death. Awareness of the individual risk profile is crucial to implement a healthy lifestyle and prevent CVDs. Multiple studies demonstrated that atherosclerosis, the main cause of CVDs, begins early in life.
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