Pneumococcal Vaccination and Pneumonia Associated With Pleural Effusion in a Pediatric Population.

Objective: The aim was to assess the effect of the nonsystematic pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) on incidence of pneumonia associated with parapneumonic pleural effusion (PPE) in vaccinated and unvaccinated children.

Methods: Cases were patients <15 years of age who had been diagnosed with pneumonia associated with PPE in a tertiary hospital in Navarra (Spain) between 1995 and 2014. The population <15 years of age and covered by the public health service was used as reference.

Direct, indirect and total effects of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on invasive pneumococcal disease in children in Navarra, Spain, 2001 to 2014: cohort and case-control study.

We estimated the direct, indirect and total effects of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children. A population-based cohort study followed children aged between 2.5 and 59 months between 2001 and 2014 in Navarra, Spain.

[Invasive meningococcal disease in Navarra in the era of a meningococcal C vaccine].

Introduction: Systematic childhood vaccination against meningococcus C has had a considerable impact on meningococcal invasive disease (MID). The aim of this study is to perform an analysis on the epidemiology, the clinical features, and the factors associated with a worse prognosis of MID, in the era of a meningococcal C vaccine.

Material And Methods: The study included confirmed cases of MID in children less than 15 years of age in Navarra, Spain, between 2008 and 2014.

[Meningococcal C conjugate vaccine: Impact of a vaccination program and long-term effectiveness in Navarra, Spain, 2000-2014].

Background: Since 2000, when the meningococcal serogroupC conjugate vaccine (MenCC) was introduced in the childhood immunization schedule in Spain, several changes in the schedule and catch-up campaigns have been performed. We aim to estimate the impact and effectiveness of this vaccine in Navarra up to 2014.

Methods: The impact of the vaccination program was analysed by comparing incidence, mortality and lethality rates of disease before (1995-1999) and after (2004-2014) the introduction of the MenCC.

Evaluation of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and concomitant meningococcal group C conjugate vaccine in healthy infants and toddlers in Spain.

Background: Given the concurrent administration of multiple vaccines during routine pediatric immunizations, efforts to elucidate the potential interference of any vaccine on the immune response to the concomitantly administered antigens are fundamental to prelicensure clinical research.

Methods: This phase 3 randomized controlled trial of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) versus 7-valent PCV (PCV7) assessed immune responses of concomitantly administered meningococcal group C conjugated to diphtheria toxin cross-reactive material 197 (MnCCV-CRM197) in a 2-dose infant series and 15-month toddler dose.

Results: 619 subjects were randomized, 315 to PCV13 and 304 to PCV7.

[Septic arthritis of the hip by Haemophilus Influenzae type F in childhood: a case report].

Septic arthritis of the hip is an acute infection, predominantly of bacterial etiology. Although Staphylococcus aureus is the primary pathogen in any age group, other potentially pathogenic microorganisms exist. We describe the case of an 18-month patient with septic arthritis of the hip with a rare causal agent (Haemophilus influenzae type F) and a good outcome.

Safety of a 2-dose regimen of a combined measles, mumps, rubella and varicella live vaccine manufactured with recombinant human albumin.

Background: ProQuad, a vaccine containing antigens from M-M-RVAXPRO (measles, mumps and rubella vaccine) and VARIVAX (varicella vaccine), is indicated for simultaneous vaccination against measles, mumps, rubella and varicella (MMRV) in individuals from 12 months of age. To eliminate blood-derived products of human origin from the manufacturing process of the MMRV vaccine, recombinant human albumin was selected as a replacement for human serum albumin.

Methods: This open-label, multicenter clinical trial (clinicaltrials.

[Imported infectious diseases in fever of unknown origin in migrant children: 2 cases].

The increase in migratory movements has increased the incidence of infectious diseases that were infrequent in our setting. In the presence of fever in children from endemic areas, imported infectious diseases must be ruled out in the first place. We present two cases of typhoid fever in immigrant children, recently diagnosed in our centre.

13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine given with meningococcal C-tetanus toxoid conjugate and other routine pediatric vaccinations: immunogenicity and safety.

Background: As multiple vaccines are administered concomitantly during routine pediatric immunizations, it is important to ascertain the potential interference of any new vaccine on the immune response to the concomitantly administered vaccines. Immune responses to meningococcal serogroup C-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (MnCC-TT) and the diphtheria and tetanus antigens in routine pediatric vaccines (diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis-hepatitis B virus-inactivated poliovirus/Haemophilus influenza type b [DTaP-HBV-IPV/Hib] and DTaP-IPV+Hib) when given concomitantly with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) were compared with responses when given with PCV7. In addition, the immunogenicity and safety of PCV13 were assessed.

Immunogenicity of a combination vaccine containing diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, three-component acellular pertussis, hepatitis B, inactivated polio virus, and Haemophilus influenzae type b when given concomitantly with 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.

Two randomized trials of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) relative to PCV7 evaluated the immune responses of coadministered antigens comprising Infanrix(®) hexa/Infanrix(®)-IPV+Hib (diphtheria, tetanus, 3-component acellular pertussis, hepatitis B, inactivated poliovirus, and Haemophilus influenzae type b). After the 3-dose infant series, immunogenic noninferiority was demonstrated for all concomitantly administered antigens between the PCV13 and PCV7 groups. All antigens elicited good booster responses after the toddler dose except pertussis toxoid; however, 99.

Epidemiologic impact of blood culture practices and antibiotic consumption on pneumococcal bacteraemia in children.

This study examined the roles of two different diagnostic approaches to children with fever of unknown origin in determining the patterns of pneumococcal bacteraemia in two Spanish regions by comparing their main epidemiologic characteristics. Whereas a blood culture is routinely obtained in this setting in Navarre, this is not generally the case in Majorca. Additionally, the potential role of antibiotic consumption in each region was also analysed.

[Clinical characteristics of tuberculosis in childhood].

Tuberculosis is a serious disease for world health and there has been an increase in the number of cases in recent years. Children are the most vulnerable to infection, with a greater risk of developing the disease and with a greater frequency of its serious forms. In spite of that, it is exceptional for them to develop bacilliferous TB, with its treatment not playing a great role in the epidemiological control of the disease.

Reduction in pediatric invasive pneumococcal disease in the Basque Country and Navarre, Spain, after introduction of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.

This study evaluated the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease, identified the causal serotypes, and tracked the evolution of the antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in the regions of the Basque Country and Navarre, Spain, before and after the introduction of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. The study included all children aged between birth and 5 years diagnosed with bacteremia, meningitis, or bacteremic pneumonia caused by pneumococci. By the second year after introduction of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, compared with the period 1998-2001, the incidence of invasive disease decreased by 64.

[Evolution of the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Navarra (1994-2003)].

Aim: To describe the changes in the incidence and the epidemiological profile of tuberculosis in Navarra.

Methods: The cases of tuberculosis in the 1994-2003 period were analysed. Cases reported to the system of obligatory notifiable diseases, completed with the microbiological diagnoses and the cases collected in other health registers.

[The Aicardi syndrome].

The authors present a case of a girl who showed flexion spasms, chorio-retinopathy and agenesis of corpus callosum, an association known as the Aicardi syndrome. They have made a wide revision of the literature, examining in detail the clinical aspects and diagnosis with other malformations and infections. Lastly, they comment the aspects of etiology and pathology of the disease which still remain unclear.

[Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (author's transl)].

Authors present the case of a two year old spanish girls with mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome such as described by Kawasaki.

[Beckwith's syndrome. Pathological aspects (author's transl)].

A new observation of Becwith's syndrome is presented. Being a still birth a pathological study could be accomplished. Pathologycal findings are commented.