Activity of CDK4/6 inhibitors and parameters affecting survival in elderly patients in age-subgroups: Turkish Oncology Group (TOG) retrospective study.

Highly selective inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6is) have emerged as a standart of care for first- and second-line therapies in combination with endocrine therapy (ET) for HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients. It has been reported that combination therapy is more effective than ET alone and is safe in elderly patients as well as young patients. Nevertheless, elderly and very old patients with HR+/HER2-MBC treated with CDK4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) combinations are relatively underrepresented in randomized controlled trials.

The impact of tamoxifen treatment on voice parameters in premenopausal women with breast cancer.

Objective: The study aims to investigate the estrogen-agonistic effects of tamoxifen on voice parameters in premenopausal women diagnosed with breast cancer.

Methods: A total of 108 premenopausal women were included, segmented into distinct treatment groups and a control group. Objective sound analysis was conducted using robust statistical methods, employing SPSS 25.

Treatment efficacy of ribociclib or palbociclib plus letrozole in hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer.

Ribociclib, palbociclib and abemaciclib are currently approved CDK4/6 inhibitors along with aromatase inhibitors as the first-line standard-of-care for patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. The authors report retrospective real-life data for 600 patients with estrogen receptor- and/or progesterone receptor-positive and HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer who were treated with ribociclib and palbociclib in combination with letrozole. The results demonstrated that the combination of palbociclib or ribociclib with letrozole has similar progression-free survival and overall survival benefit in real life for the patient group with similar clinical features.

Brigatinib-associated autoimmune hepatitis: A case report.

Introduction: Brigatinib is a next-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor that targets a wide variety of ALK mutations and ROS1 rearrangements. While pancreatic enzyme elevations due to brigatinib are well known, we wanted to present a case that caused liver toxicity.

Case Report: ALK and ROS1 translocations were detected in a 58-year-old patient diagnosed with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma.

Proton pump inhibitors may reduce the efficacy of ribociclib and palbociclib in metastatic breast cancer patients based on an observational study.

Introduction: Approximately 20-33% of all cancer patients are treated with acid-reducing agents (ARAs), most commonly proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), to reduce gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms. Palbociclib and ribociclib are weak bases so their solubility depends on different pH. The solubility of palbociclib dramatically decreases to < 0.

Evaluation of antibody response after two doses of the Sinovac vaccine and the potential need for booster doses in cancer patients.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is more severe in some specific patient groups, such as cancer patients with a mortality rate of 26.5%. The main way of protection is vaccination.

Prognostic Importance of Inflammatory Indexes in Patients Treated by Pazopanib for Soft Tissue Sarcoma.

Background: The goal of this study was to evaluate the predictive and prognostic importance of the lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (DNLR), and systemic immune inflammation index (SSI) in STS cases treated with pazopanib.

Methods: Thirty STS patients treated with pazopanib were included in this study. SSI, DNLR, LMR, and NLR values were calculated at baseline and in the first month.

Efficacy of US, MRI, and F-18 FDG-PET/CT for Detecting Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and F-18fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F-18 FDG-PET/CT) for detecting post-NAC axillary lymph node(ALN) metastasis in patients who had ALN metastasis at the time of diagnosis.

Methods: This study included all breast cancer patients who received NAC for ALN metastasis; underwent axillary assessment with US, MRI, or F18FDG-PET/CT; and then were operated on in the General Surgery Clinic, Adana City Research and Training Hospital, Turkey. Patients' data were recorded, including demographic data, clinicopathological parameters, NAC regimens, and operation types.

Inhaled corticosteroids' effects on biomarkers in exhaled breath condensate and blood in patients newly diagnosed with asthma who smoke.

Objective: Exposure to cigarette smoke complicates the treatment and management of asthma through a variety of inflammatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the differences between newly diagnosed cases of asthma in smokers and nonsmokers in terms of localized and systemic biomarkers following treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) or ICS in combination with a long-acting β2 agonist (LABA).

Methods: Specimens of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) from newly diagnosed patients with asthma were used to quantify inflammation in the airways, while blood samples were used to assess systemic inflammation.

Predictors of Survival in Turkish Patients with Primary Glioblastoma.

Aim: An increasing number of biomarkers of primary glioblastoma (GBM) have recently been described. We aimed to investigate the biological and clinical factors that affect survival in Turkish patients with primary GBM.

Material And Methods: The clinical and demographic data of all patients with primary GBM diagnosed between 2007 and 2016 were evaluated.

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Brain Metastatic and Non-Metastatic Lung Cancer Patients with Different Cell Types.

Background: Oxidative stress that leads to an imbalanced prooxidant/antioxidant status can be a critical factor affecting lung cancer etiopathology. The antioxidant system provides primary protection under oxidative stress.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the serum antioxidant system status in brain metastatic and non-metastatic lung cancer patients with different cell types.

Extracranial Metastasis of IDH-1 Wild Type Glioblastomas.

Aim: To identify the effects of different immunohistochemical features of glioblastomas with spinal metastases based on the metastatic spread and survival rate.

Material And Methods: A total of 214 patients who were diagnosed with and operated for brain tumor in our clinic between 2007 and 2018, and pathologically diagnosed with glioblastoma were retrospectively evaluated. Among them, 141 medical records were reviewed, and 23 of them underwent spinal magnetic resonance imaging postoperatively due to various complaints.

Malignant Melanoma Metastasis to the Thyroid Gland Causing Severe Central Airway Obstruction.

Metastasis of malignant melanoma to the thyroid gland causing airway obstruction is an extremely rare condition. In an 80-year-old woman who presented with painless swelling of the neck, a diagnosis of malignant melanoma metastasis to the thyroid gland with an unknown source was established. She received multiple radiotherapy sessions that resulted in occasional regression but not complete resolution.

Comparison of allergic asthma patients treated with omalizumab and non-allergic patients treated with continuous oral corticosteroids: results of five year follow-up therapies.

Introduction: To assess the long-term (5 year) efficacy of omalizumab and systemic corticosteroid therapy in allergic and non-allergic asthma that could not be controlled by step 4 therapy, respectively.

Patients And Methods: This single-center study was based on all consecutive step 4 patients with severe persistent uncontrolled allergic and non-allergic asthma who were given omalizumab and systemic corticosteroid (minimum: 4 mg, maximum: 12 mg, median: 8 mg methyl prednisone), respectively, in 2006-2014 and were followed up for at least 5 years. Asthma control test (ACT), FEV1 and exacerbation rates at initial presentation and 1, 2, and 5 years after step 5 treatment initiation were calculated for both groups.

ERCC1 and RRM1 as a predictive parameter for non-small cell lung, ovarian or pancreas cancer treated with cisplatin and/or gemcitabine.

Background: We aimed to investigate the impact of RRM1 and ERCC1 expression on response to cisplatin and/or gemcitabine chemotherapy in patients with lung, ovarian or pancreatic cancer.

Material And Methods: Patients with lung, ovarian or pancreatic cancer, who used cisplatin and/or gemcitabine therapy were included; hospital files were examined and RRM1 and ERCC1 expression were evaluated with an immunohistochemical method on tissue cross sections from paraffin blocks of the tumour.

Results: Out of 89 patients, 51%, 30% and 19% had lung, ovarian and pancreatic cancer, respectively.

Effect of the cumulative dose of zoledronic acid on the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of the jaws.

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) is a severe bone disease for which the pathogenetic mechanisms and risk factors are not fully understood. The present study evaluated the data of 652 patients with bone metastasis that had undergone treatment with biphosphonates. Subsequently, 24 patients with BRONJ and 20 control patients without BRONJ that were treated with zoledronic acid were enrolled.

Factors affecting the tuberculosis risk in patients receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor-α treatment.

Background: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors are known to increase the risk of tuberculosis (TB).

Objectives: To examine the factors associated with an increased risk of TB in patients receiving anti-TNF-α treatment (aTNF-α-T).

Method: Of 3,094 patients who received aTNF-α-T between 2003 and 2013, a total of 1,964 subjects with a follow-up time longer than 6 months were identified and included in this retrospective analysis.

PRAME Expression and Its Clinical Relevance in Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

Objectives: Although Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is one of the most curable cancers in adult patients, new targets have to be defined in cases resistant to traditional chemotherapy. The preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME) is a cancer testis antigen and its expression is very scarce or absent in normal tissues. For this reason PRAME is a promising candidate for tumor immunotherapy.

Risk factors for developing cardiotoxicity of trastuzumab in breast cancer patients: An observational single-centre study.

Background: Trastuzumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody used to treat human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive breast cancer, with recognized associated cardiotoxicity. In this retrospective observational study, we investigated associated cardiotoxicity on clinical outcomes using trastuzumab in women referred to our clinic.

Materials And Methods: The study was made up of 111 women with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-overexpressing breast cancer who received trastuzumab in the Medical Oncology Department, between 2010 and 2013.

Pancreatic carcinoma, thrombosis and mean platelet volume: single center experience from the southeast region of Turkey.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the general characteristics of patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pancreatic cancer as well as evaluate the relationship between mean platelet volume (MPV), DVT and survival.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-seven patients with pancreatic cancer, who were admitted to Cukurova University Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Oncology, were enrolled in the study

Results: The mean age was 59±20. Forty-nine (63.

Evaluation of PTEN, PI3K, MTOR, and KRAS expression and their clinical and prognostic relevance to differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Aim Of The Study: Important signalling pathways play fundamental roles in the pathogenesis of thyroid carcinoma (TC). PTEN, mTOR, PI3K-p85 and K-Ras are the principal factors involved in these signalling pathways. To immunohistochemically examine the expressions of PI3K, mTOR and PTEN in patients suffering from follicular TC, papillary TC or variants thereof, as well as to investigate KRAS mutations via PCR to determine their clinical and prognostic relevance to differentiated thyroid cancer.

Abdominal actinomycosis with multiple myeloma: A case report.

Actinomycosis is a chronic suppurative infection, for which immune suppression is a predisposing factor. In unusual cases, this disease may present as an abdominal wall involvement simulating a soft tissue tumor as seen in the present case. The presented patient had no signs of trauma or surgical approach and the pathology was considered to be a primary abdominal wall actinomycosis.

A new approach to the treatment of metastatic paraganglioma: sorafenib.

Paragangliomas are relatively rare chromaffin cell tumors which may be cured through resection. Patients with paragangliomas may develop metastatic diseases. There is no consensus regarding refractory chemotherapy for treatment of metastatic disease.

Early detection and gemcitabine/cisplatin combination positively effect survival in sarcomatoid carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Background And Objectives: This study aimed to present the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment of patients with bladder carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation at our institution.

Methods: Between 1995- 2009, 950 patients were followed-up for bladder carcinoma. Among them, 14 patients with sarcomatoid carcinoma were retrospectively reviewed, and their clinical, pathological features and treatment were recorded.

Neurofibromatosis type 1, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, leiomyosarcoma and osteosarcoma: four cases of rare tumors and a review of the literature.

Background: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a genetic syndrome that predisposes patients to benign and malignant tumor development. Patients with NF1 develop multiple neurofibromas that can transform into aggressive sarcomas known as malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. In contrast, malignant tumors unrelated to the nervous system rarely coexist with neurofibromatosis.