Dual mobility cup in hip fracture: Indications and clinical results compared with bipolar hip arthroplasty.

Introduction: The choice between hemiarthroplasty (HA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) for displaced femoral neck fractures remains debated. There is increasing use in dual mobility cup total hip arthroplasty (DMC-THA) to prevent dislocations in these high-risk patients. Aim of this study is to retrospectively analyze patients treated in a single Center for femoral neck fracture comparing HA and DMC-THA in terms of: functional outcome, rate of complications and mortality.

Taking care of inpatients with fragility hip fractures: the hip-padua osteosarcopenia (Hip-POS) fracture liaison service model.

Purpose: Osteoporotic fragility fractures (FF), particularly those affecting the hip, represent a major clinical and socio-economic concern. These fractures can lead to various adverse outcomes, which may be exacerbated by the presence of sarcopenia, especially among older and frail patients. Early identification of patients with FF is crucial for implementing effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to prevent subsequent fractures and their associated consequences.

Photoswitchable positive allosteric modulators of metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 to improve selectivity.

Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu) regulate multiple functions in the nervous systems and are involved in several neurological disorders. However, selectively targeting individual mGlu subtypes with spatiotemporal precision is still an unmet need. Photopharmacology can address this concern through the utilization of photoswitchable compounds such as optogluram, which is a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of mGlu that enables the precise control of physiological responses using light but does not have an optimal selectivity profile.

When Is a Two-Stage Surgical Procedure Indicated in the Treatment of Pseudotumors of the Hip? A Retrospective Study of 21 Cases and a Review of the Literature.

(1) : A pseudotumor of the hip is a sterile, non-neoplastic soft tissue mass associated with total hip arthroplasties. Pseudotumors may mimic soft tissue tumors or infections, and thus a differential diagnosis is crucial, and biopsy is recommended. The purpose of this study was to compare the complications and functional results between one-stage and two-stage procedures.

Functional autonomy and 12-month mortality in older adults with proximal femoral fractures in an orthogeriatric setting: risk factors and gender differences.

Background: Proximal femur fractures have a negative impact on loss of functional autonomy and mortality.

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate functional autonomy and mortality in a group of older adults with hip fractures managed in an orthogeriatric setting 12 months after discharge and to determine if gender affected outcome.

Methods: In all participants, we assessed clinical history, functional pre-fracture status using activities of daily living (ADL) and in-hospital details.

Intramedullary nailing for impending or pathologic fracture of the long bone: titanium vs carbon fiber peek nailing.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare titanium vs carbon fiber intramedullary (IM) nailing in terms of response to radiotherapy, local control of the disease, time of surgery, fluoroscopy exposure, and complications.

Methods: From 2015 to 2021, 52 impending or pathologic fractures were treated with IM nailing in 47 patients: 18 males and 29 females with a mean age of 73. Titanium nails were used in 27 cases: femur (17 cases), humerus (8 cases), and tibia (2 cases).

Surface Plasmon Resonance Screening to Identify Active and Selective Adenosine Receptor Binding Fragments.

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a widely used method to study ligand-protein interactions. The throughput and sensitivity of SPR has made it an important technology for measuring low-affinity, ultralow weight fragments (<200 Da) in the early stages of drug discovery. However, the biochemistry of membrane proteins, such as G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), makes their SPR fragment screening particularly challenging, especially for native/wild-type, nonthermostabilized mutant receptors.

Management of Displaced Midshaft Clavicle Fractures with Figure-of-Eight Bandage: The Impact of Residual Shortening on Shoulder Function.

The treatment of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures (MCFs) is still controversial. The aims of our study were to evaluate clinical and radiological outcomes and complications of patients with displaced MCFs managed nonoperatively and to identify potential predictive factors of worse clinical outcomes. Seventy-five patients with displaced MCFs were enrolled and treated nonoperatively with a figure-of-eight bandage (F8-B).

A long-term experience with Mutars tumor megaprostheses: analysis of 187 cases.

Purpose: Modular megaprostheses have widely replaced allografts, as a reconstructive option; however, failures of these devices remain high. Aim of this study was to analyze outcomes, survival of the implants, incidence and types of complications with Mutars modular endoprostheses at long term.

Methods: Between 2000 and 2019, 187 Mutars prostheses were implanted in two dedicated centers: 72 upper limbs and 115 lower limbs reconstructions.

Agonists and allosteric modulators promote signaling from different metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 conformations.

Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are dimeric G-protein-coupled receptors activated by the main excitatory neurotransmitter, L-glutamate. mGluR activation by agonists binding in the venus flytrap domain is regulated by positive (PAM) or negative (NAM) allosteric modulators binding to the 7-transmembrane domain (7TM). We report the cryo-electron microscopy structures of fully inactive and intermediate-active conformations of mGlu receptor bound to an antagonist and a NAM or an agonist and a PAM, respectively, as well as the crystal structure of the 7TM bound to a photoswitchable NAM.

Identification of a Novel Allosteric Site at the M Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor.

The M muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) has emerged as an exciting therapeutic target for the treatment of addiction and behavioral disorders. This has been in part due to promising preclinical studies with the M mAChR selective negative allosteric modulator (NAM), ML375. The binding site of ML375 remains unknown, however, making it difficult to develop improved M mAChR selective modulators.

Double fractures of the femur: a review of 16 patients.

Background: Double ipsilateral femoral fractures account for 1-9% of femoral fractures. There is no clear advantage between single or double implant osteosynthesis. We present a series of patients with double ipsilateral femoral fractures, to address the challenges in treatment, namely the implants for osteosynthesis and complications of treatment.

One-Stage Soft Tissue Reconstruction Following Sarcoma Excision: A Personalized Multidisciplinary Approach Called "Orthoplasty".

. Wide surgical resection is a relevant factor for local control in sarcomas. Plastic surgery is mandatory in demanding reconstructions.

Correction to: Human MDSCs derived from the bone marrow maintain their functional ability but have a reduced frequency of induction in the elderly compared to pediatric donors.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Risk of translocated soft-tissue sarcoma recurrence using perforator propeller flap: Case report and literature review.

Tumor seeding after intra-abdominal and head and neck cancer surgery is a well-known entity. The risk of disseminating cancerous cells during surgery is also described for soft-tissue sarcoma of the extremities. Nonetheless, after reconstructive surgery using flaps, the risk of recurrence at the donor site is extremely rare.

New concepts in the surgical treatment of actual and impending pathological fractures in metastatic disease.

Introduction: Long bone metastases are a disease of high social importance. The goals of surgical treatment are to relieve pain, maintain or restore joint function, and prevent or treat pathological fractures. "Oligometastases" is a disease with a limited number (3-5) of metastatic lesions in the same body district, where an aggressive treatment can be carried out with "curative" intent.

Metal Ion Release, Clinical and Radiological Outcomes in Large Diameter Metal-on-Metal Total Hip Arthroplasty at Long-Term Follow-Up.

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) with metal-on-metal (MoM) bearings have shown problems of biocompatibility linked to metal ion release at the local level causing an adverse reaction to metal debris (ARMD) and at a systemic level. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and radiological outcomes, and metal ion concentrations in the blood and urine of patients who underwent THA with the LIMA Met-Met hip system. Patients with ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) bearings were included as a control group.

Mechanistic Insights into Light-Driven Allosteric Control of GPCR Biological Activity.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), including the metabotrobic glutamate 5 receptor (mGlu), are important therapeutic targets and the development of allosteric ligands for targeting GPCRs has become a desirable approach toward modulating receptor activity. Traditional pharmacological approaches toward modulating GPCR activity are still limited since precise spatiotemporal control of a ligand is lost as soon as it is administered. Photopharmacology proposes the use of photoswitchable ligands to overcome this limitation, since their activity can be reversibly controlled by light with high precision.

Midshaft Clavicle Fractures Treated Nonoperatively Using Figure-of-Eight Bandage: Are Fracture Type, Shortening, and Displacement Radiographic Predictors of Failure?

As there are no clear and unique radiographic predictors of healing disturbances for acute midshaft clavicle fractures, their treatment is still controversial. The aim of the study was to evaluate in midshaft clavicle fractures treated nonoperatively if fracture type (FT), shortening, and displacement, assessed before and after figure-of-eight bandage (F8-B) application, could be considered prognostic factors of delayed union and nonunion. One hundred twenty-two adult patients presenting a closed displaced midshaft clavicle fracture, managed nonoperatively with an F8-B, were enrolled.

Human MDSCs derived from the bone marrow maintain their functional ability but have a reduced frequency of induction in the elderly compared to pediatric donors.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immunosuppressive cells developing from myeloid progenitors, which are enriched in pathological conditions such as cancer, and are known to inhibit the functions of effector T cells. During aging, several changes occur both at the adaptive and innate immune system level, in a process defined as immunoscenescence. In particular, the low-grade inflammation state observed in the elderly appears to affect hematopoiesis.

Infrapatellar Fat Pad Gene Expression and Protein Production in Patients with and without Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common joint disorders. Evidence suggests that the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) is directly involved in OA pathology. However, a comparison between OA versus non-OA IFP is still missing.

Reverse shoulder arthroplasty for treatment of proximal humerus complex fractures in elderly: A single institution experience.

Introduction: Treatment of complex proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) in the elderly should provide early mobilization to maintain autonomy and self-care possibility, avoiding further surgery for complications. Nowadays, there is not a gold standard for treatment. Aim of our study was to review our experience with the use of Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (RTSA) for the treatment of these fractures in the elderly, evaluating complications and functional results.

A rare case of anterior shoulder dislocation in 1-year- and 10-month-old toddler: case report and literature review.

We report our clinical experience of a 1 year and 10 month child with traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation who underwent non-operative reduction and Desault's bandage immobilization for 10 days. No associated fractures were found and after bandage removal, full ROM of the shoulder was immediately assessed. Further research is needed to unified guideline of treatment and the time of immobilization for this type of injury in pediatric population.