Change in prevalence of self-harm from 2002 to 2018 among Norwegian adolescents.

Background: Self-harm is prevalent among adolescents and associated with mental health problems and negative life-events. Few studies have examined changes in its prevalence related to these factors. This study explored whether changes in prevalence of self-harm among adolescents had occurred, and to what extent changes in associated factors may have contributed.

Cost-effectiveness of dialectical behaviour therapy vs. enhanced usual care in the treatment of adolescents with self-harm.

Background: Studies have shown that dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) is effective in reducing self-harm in adults and adolescents.

Aims: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of DBT for adolescents (DBT-A) compared to enhanced usual care (EUC).

Methods: In a randomised study, 77 adolescents with repeated self-harm were allocated to 19 weeks of outpatient treatment, either DBT-A ( = 39) or EUC ( = 38).

The impact of borderline personality disorder and sub-threshold borderline personality disorder on the course of self-reported and clinician-rated depression in self-harming adolescents.

Background: Studies on adults suggest that the presence of comorbid depression and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is associated with an elevated risk of self-harming behaviours and that self-harming behaviours, when present, will have higher severity. This comorbidity, furthermore, complicates clinical assessments, which may be an obstacle to early identification and proper intervention. Adolescents who self-harm frequently report high levels of depressive symptoms, but this is often not reflected in the clinicians' assessment.

Differentiating between comorbidity and symptom overlap in ADHD and early onset bipolar disorder.

Reported rates of comorbidity between early onset bipolar disorder (BD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have a wide range, perhaps due to developmental issues and differences in interpretation of overlapping symptoms. We compared questionnaire-based and neuropsychological measures of inattention and impulsivity/hyperactivity, in children/adolescents with ADHD combined subtype (ADHD-C; n26), concurrent ADHD-C and BD (n15), BD (n25) with Controls (n69). Sub-analyses were performed on BD with and without inattention symptoms.

The impact of ADHD symptoms and global impairment in childhood on working disability in mid-adulthood: a 28-year follow-up study using official disability pension records in a high-risk in-patient population.

Background: Individuals with ADHD have been associated with more employment difficulties in early adulthood than healthy community controls. To examine whether this association is attributable specifically to disturbance of activity and attention (ADHD) or to psychopathology in general, we wanted to extend existing research by comparing the rate of mid-adulthood working disabilities for individuals diagnosed with ADHD as children with the rate for clinical controls diagnosed with either conduct disorder, emotional disorder or mixed disorder of conduct and emotions.

Methods: Former Norwegian child-psychiatric in-patients (n = 257) were followed up 17-39 years after hospitalization by record linkage to the Norwegian national registry of disability pension (DP) awards.

Executive deficits in early onset bipolar disorder versus ADHD: impact of processing speed and lifetime psychosis.

Unlabelled: Executive deficits are reported in both early onset bipolar disorder (BD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and controversies regarding comorbidity and symptom overlap have complicated the research on executive function in BD. Reports of the negative impact of executive difficulties on academic functioning indicate a need for a greater focus on executive difficulties in early onset psychiatric disorders. Executive function and processing speed in youths with BD (n = 4), ADHD (n = 26) and BD + ADHD (n = 13) were compared with controls (n = 69).

Memory in early onset bipolar disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: similarities and differences.

Differentiating between early-onset bipolar disorder (BD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can be difficult. Memory problems are commonly reported in BD, and forgetfulness is among the diagnostic criteria for ADHD. We compared children and adolescents with BD (n = 23), ADHD combined type (ADHD-C; n = 26), BD + ADHD-C (n = 15), and 68 healthy controls on memory tests (Digit span, Children's Verbal Learning Test-II).

Examination of the cut-off scores determined by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire in a population-based sample of 6 month-old Norwegian infants.

Background: Few population-based samples have previously published performance on the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ), a recommended screening tool to detect infant developmental delay. The aim of the study was to investigate performance on the ASQ in a population-based sample of 6-month-old infants.

Methods: In this population-based questionnaire study from Oslo, Norway, the 30 item ASQ 6 month Questionnaire (N = 1053) were included, however without the pictograms, and compared to the Norwegian reference sample (N.

Is long-term prognosis for pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified different from prognosis for autistic disorder? Findings from a 30-year follow-up study.

We followed 74 children with autistic disorder (AD) and 39 children with pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD NOS) for 17-38 years in a record linkage study. Rates of disability pension award, marital status, criminality and mortality were compared between groups. Disability pension award was the only outcome measure that differed significantly between the AD and PDD NOS groups (89% vs.

The impact of ADHD and conduct disorder in childhood on adult delinquency: a 30 years follow-up study using official crime records.

Background: Few longitudinal studies have explored lifetime criminality in adults with a childhood history of severe mental disorders. In the present study, we wanted to explore the association between adult delinquency and several different childhood diagnoses in an in-patient population. Of special interest was the impact of disturbance of activity and attention (ADHD) and mixed disorder of conduct and emotions on later delinquency, as these disorders have been variously associated with delinquent development.

Understanding discrepancies in parent-child reporting of emotional and behavioural problems: Effects of relational and socio-demographic factors.

Background: Discrepancies between parents and children in their assessment of children's mental health affect the evaluation of need for services and must be taken seriously. This article presents the differences between parents' and children's reports of the children's symptoms and social impairment, based on the results of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The interrelationship between relational aspects and socio-demographic factors with patterns of disagreement are explored.

Motor function may differentiate attention deficit hyperactivity disorder from early onset bipolar disorder.

Background: Differentiating between bipolar spectrum disorder (BD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in childhood and adolescence is difficult because the clinical presentation is influenced by ongoing neural development, causing considerable symptom overlap. Motor problems and neurological soft signs have been associated with ADHD for decades. Little is known about motor skills in BD.

The use of lithium, valproate or lamotrigine for psychiatric conditions in children and adolescents in Norway 2004-2007 - a prescription database study.

Background: There is an increasing awareness of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents. Our study aimed to explore how common the use of lithium, valproate and lamotrigine in psychiatric conditions in children and adolescents in Norway and to describe concomitant use of other psychotropic drugs.

Methods: The Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD) captures all prescriptions given to individuals in ambulatory care.

Prevalence and characteristics of significant social anxiety in children aged 8-13 years: a Norwegian cross-sectional population study.

Background: Social anxiety has been frequently studied in both population- and clinical-based adult and adolescent samples. Corresponding research in children is scarce and is dominated by clinical studies. The aim of the present population-based study was to examine the prevalence of significant social anxiety (SSA) in preadolescent children and compare their characteristics with those of children without SSA.