General practitioners' attitudes and practices regarding sick leave certification for patients with depression in Norway - a cross-sectional study.

Background: Depression is among the most frequent reasons for sick leave, whereas health authorities recommend a rather strict practice, arguing that work is health-promoting. We aimed to explore GPs' attitudes and practices regarding sick leave certification for depressed patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study using the Norwegian Physician Survey (N = 1617, 70% response rate) in 2021.

Educational disparities in cancer incidence, stage, and survival in Oslo.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine disparities in cancer incidence, stage at diagnosis, and survival rates across districts with differences in education levels in Oslo, Norway.

Methods: Aggregated data from the Cancer Registry of Norway in the period 2013-2021 were used to describe the distribution of cancer incidence and survival across Oslo's 15 administrative districts, subsequently grouped into three areas based on the population's level of education. Age-standardised incidence rates and five-year relative survival were calculated for colon, rectal, lung, melanoma, breast, and prostate cancer.

Moral distress among physicians in Norway: a longitudinal study.

Objectives: To explore and compare physicians' reported moral distress in 2004 and 2021 and identify factors that could be related to these responses.

Design: Longitudinal survey.

Setting: Data were gathered from the Norwegian Physician Panel Study, a representative sample of Norwegian physicians, conducted in 2004 and 2021.

Norwegian general practitioners' perceptions of their depression care - a national survey.

Background: The General Practitioner (GP) is often the first professional contact for patients with depression. Depression care constitutes a substantial part of GPs' workload.

Objective: To assess how GPs experience their patients' expectations and their own provision of depression care; further, how their depression care was associated with doctor- and practice-characteristics.

How stable are moral judgements? A longitudinal study of context dependency in attitudes towards patient responsibility.

Background: Whether patients' life-style should involve lower priority for treatment is a controversial question in bioethics. Less is known about clinicians' views.

Aim: To study how clinical doctors' attitudes to questions of patient responsibility and priority vary over time.

Duty to treat and perceived risk of contagion during the COVID-19 pandemic: Norwegian physicians' perspectives and experiences-a questionnaire survey.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic actualised the dilemma of how to balance physicians´ obligation to treat patients and their own perceived risk of being infected. To discuss this in a constructive way we need empirical studies of physicians´ views of this obligation.

Methods: A postal questionnaire survey was sent to a representative sample of Norwegian physicians in December 2020.

An empirical bioethical examination of Norwegian and British doctors' views of responsibility and (de)prioritization in healthcare.

In a world with limited resources, allocation of resources to certain individuals and conditions inevitably means fewer resources allocated to other individuals and conditions. Should a patient's personal responsibility be relevant to decisions regarding allocation? In this project we combine the normative and the descriptive, conducting an empirical bioethical examination of how both Norwegian and British doctors think about principles of responsibility in allocating scarce healthcare resources. A large proportion of doctors in both countries supported including responsibility for illness in prioritization decisions.

Should a patient's socioeconomic status count in decisions about treatment in medical care? A longitudinal study of Norwegian doctors.

Aims: The major causes of social inequalities in health are found outside of healthcare. However, healthcare can also play a role in maintaining, reducing, or reinforcing inequality. We present and discuss results from a panel study of doctors' views on whether and how socioeconomic factors should play a role in clinical decision making.

Do you recommend cancer screening to your patients? A cross-sectional study of Norwegian doctors.

Objective: Guidelines for cancer screening have been debated and are followed to varying degrees. We wanted to study whether and why doctors recommend disease-specific cancer screening to their patients.

Design: Our cross-sectional survey used a postal questionnaire.

How do doctors experience the interactions among professional fulfilment, organisational factors and quality of patient care? A qualitative study in a Norwegian hospital.

Objectives: Doctors increasingly experience high levels of burnout and loss of engagement. To address this, there is a need to better understand doctors' work situation. This study explores how doctors experience the interactions among professional fulfilment, organisational factors and quality of patient care.

Doctors' attitudes to assisted dying.

Bakgrunn: Aktiv dødshjelp er ulovlig i Norge, men et flertall av befolkningen støtter legalisering. Legers holdninger til aktiv dødshjelp ble sist undersøkt i 1993. Har legers holdninger endret seg?

Materiale Og Metode: To spørreundersøkelser sendt til Legeforskningsinstituttets legepanel i henholdsvis 2014 og 2016 inneholdt spørsmål om aktiv dødshjelp.

Between professional values, social regulations and patient preferences: medical doctors' perceptions of ethical dilemmas.

Background: We present and discuss the results of a Norwegian survey of medical doctors' views on potential ethical dilemmas in professional practice.

Methods: The study was conducted in 2015 as a postal questionnaire to a representative sample of 1612 doctors, among which 1261 responded (78%). We provided a list of 41 potential ethical dilemmas and asked whether each was considered a dilemma, and whether the doctor would perform the task, if in a position to do so.

The Norwegian National Council for Priority Setting in Health Care: decisions and justifications.

Different countries have adopted different strategies for tackling the challenge of allocating scarce health care resources fairly. Norway is one of the countries that has pioneered the effort to resolve priority setting by using a core set of priority-setting criteria. While the criteria themselves have been subject to extensive debate and numerous revisions, the question of how the criteria have been applied in practice has received less attention.