Synergetic chemiluminescence and label-free dual detection for developing a hepatitis protein array.

A dual detection system for protein arrays is presented that combines label-free detection by optical interference with chemiluminescence. A planar protein array that targets hepatitis B surface antigen is developed. Surface densities for individual antibody spots are quantitated using optical interference prior to use.

Label-free multiplexed virus detection using spectral reflectance imaging.

We demonstrate detection of whole viruses and viral proteins with a new label-free platform based on spectral reflectance imaging. The Interferometric Reflectance Imaging Sensor (IRIS) has been shown to be capable of sensitive protein and DNA detection in a real time and high-throughput format. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was used as the target for detection as it is well-characterized for protein composition and can be modified to express viral coat proteins from other dangerous, highly pathogenic agents for surrogate detection while remaining a biosafety level 2 agent.

Quantification of DNA and protein adsorption by optical phase shift.

A primary advantage of label-free detection methods over fluorescent measurements is its quantitative detection capability, since an absolute measure of adsorbed material facilitates kinetic characterization of biomolecular interactions. Interferometric techniques relate the optical phase to biomolecular layer density on the surface, but the conversion factor has not previously been accurately determined. We present a calibration method for phase shift measurements and apply it to surface-bound bovine serum albumin, immunoglobulin G, and single-stranded DNA.

Applications of optical resonance to biological imaging and label-free protein microarrays.

We present biological imaging and sensing methods based on optical resonance and interference. In fluorescence microscopy, our nanoscale imaging capability sheds light onto conformational changes of DNA, DNA-protein complexes and polymer coatings on a solid surface. Interference measurements on a layered substrate yield a label-free sensing platform for protein binding in a high-throughput micro-array format.

Hyperspectral Fourier transform spectrometer for reflection spectroscopy and spectral self-interference fluorescence microscopy.

A hyperspectral Fourier transform spectrometer has been developed for studying biological material bound to optically reflecting surfaces. This instrument has two modes of operation: a white-light reflection mode and a spectral self-interference fluorescence mode. With the combined capability, information about the conformation of an ensemble of biomolecules may be determined.

Label-free and dynamic detection of biomolecular interactions for high-throughput microarray applications.

Direct monitoring of primary molecular-binding interactions without the need for secondary reactants would markedly simplify and expand applications of high-throughput label-free detection methods. A simple interferometric technique is presented that monitors the optical phase difference resulting from accumulated biomolecular mass. As an example, 50 spots for each of four proteins consisting of BSA, human serum albumin, rabbit IgG, and protein G were dynamically monitored as they captured corresponding antibodies.

Resonant Cavity Imaging: A Means Toward High-Throughput Label-Free Protein Detection.

The resonant cavity imaging biosensor (RCIB) is an optical technique for detecting molecular binding interactions label free at many locations in parallel that employs an optical resonant cavity for high sensitivity. Near-infrared light centered at 1512.5 nm couples resonantly through a Fabry-Perot cavity constructed from dielectric reflectors (Si/SiO(2)), one of which serves as the binding surface.

Recovery of visual field and acuity after removal of epiretinal and inner limiting membranes.

Background: Visual acuity serves as only a rough gauge of macular function. The aim therefore was to ascertain whether central an assessment of the central visual field afforded a closer insight into visual function after removal of epiretinal membranes and Infracyanine-Green- or Trypan-Blue-assisted peeling of the inner limiting membrane.

Patients And Methods: Fourty-three patients undergoing pars-plana vitrectomy for the removal of epimacular membranes and dye-assisted peeling of the inner limiting membrane using either Infracyanine Green (n = 29; group 1) or Trypan Blue (n = 14; group 2) were monitored prospectively for 12 months.