Once versus twice daily enoxaparin for the initial treatment of acute venous thromboembolism.

Unlabelled: Essentials In venous thromboembolism (VTE), it is uncertain if enoxaparin should be given twice or once daily. We compared the 15- and 30-day outcomes in VTE patients on enoxaparin twice vs. once daily.

Evidence that Cerambycid Beetles Mimic Vespid Wasps in Odor as well as Appearance.

We present evidence that cerambycid species that are supposed mimics of vespid wasps also mimic their model's odor by producing spiroacetals, common constituents of vespid alarm pheromones. Adults of the North American cerambycids Megacyllene caryae (Gahan) and Megacyllene robiniae (Forster) are conspicuously patterned yellow and black, and are believed to be mimics of aculeate Hymenoptera, such as species of Vespula and Polistes. Adult males of M.

Method for testing sustained attention in touchscreen operant chambers in rats.

Background: Sustained attention, the ability to detect rare and unpredictable events, is central to cognitive performance. This construct can be tested in rodents using a Sustained Attention Task (SAT), where rats are trained to detect an unpredictably occurring signal (a brief light presentation) from non-signal events. The traditional version of this task utilizes an operant chamber with a central panel light for the signal and two retractable response levers.

Supraclavicular node disease is not an independent prognostic factor for survival of esophageal cancer patients treated with definitive chemoradiation.

Background: The prognostic value of supraclavicular lymph node (SCN) metastases in esophageal cancer is not well established. We analyzed the prognostic value of SCN disease in patients after definitive chemoradiation (dCRT) for esophageal cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 207 patients treated between 2003 and 2013 to identify the prognostic value of metastasis in the SCN on treatment failure and survival.

Selection of performance-tested young bulls and indirect responses in commercial beef cattle herds on pasture and in feedlots.

Background: Central testing is used to select young bulls which are likely to contribute to increased net income of the commercial beef cattle herd. We present genetic parameters for growth and reproductive traits on performance-tested young bulls and commercial animals that are raised on pasture and in feedlots.

Methods: Records on young bulls and heifers in performance tests or commercial herds were used.

Cortical afferent inhibition reflects cognitive impairment in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a TMS study.

Objectives: Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) show neurocognitive impairment, but the exact mechanisms that cause cognitive dysfunctions remain unknown. The cholinergic system is known to play a key role in all attentional processes and cognitive functions. A transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) protocol may give direct information about the function of some cholinergic circuits in the human brain; this technique relies on short latency afferent inhibition (SAI) of the motor cortex.

IL-6 trans-signaling is essential for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in mice.

Unlabelled: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequent tumors worldwide with rising incidence. The inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6), is a critical mediator of HCC development. It can signal through two distinct pathways: the IL-6 classic and the IL-6 trans-signaling pathway.

Definitive chemoradiation for locoregional recurrences of esophageal cancer after primary curative treatment.

The aim of this study was to determine the outcome of salvage definitive chemoradiation (dCRT) for a locoregional recurrence after any prior curative treatment outside previously irradiated areas. Thirty-nine patients treated between January 2005 and December 2014 were reviewed for locoregional recurrent esophageal cancer outside previously irradiated areas. All patients received salvage treatment with external beam radiotherapy (50.

The interplay between soil structure, roots, and microbiota as a determinant of plant-soil feedback.

Plant-soil feedback (PSF) can influence plant community structure via changes in the soil microbiome. However, how these feedbacks depend on the soil environment remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that disintegrating a naturally aggregated soil may influence the outcome of PSF by affecting microbial communities.

Is the clinical relevance of drug-food and drug-herb interactions limited to grapefruit juice and Saint-John's Wort?

An interaction of drug with food, herbs, and dietary supplements is usually the consequence of a physical, chemical or physiologic relationship between a drug and a product consumed as food, nutritional supplement or over-the-counter medicinal plant. The current educational review aims at reminding to the prescribing physicians that the most clinically relevant drug-food interactions may not be strictly limited to those with grapefruit juice and with the Saint John's Wort herbal extract and may be responsible for changes in drug plasma concentrations, which in turn decrease efficacy or led to sometimes life-threatening toxicity. Common situations handled in clinical practice such as aging, concomitant medications, transplant recipients, patients with cancer, malnutrition, HIV infection and those receiving enteral or parenteral feeding may be at increased risk of drug-food or drug-herb interactions.

Identification of a Novel Moth Sex Pheromone Component from Chilecomadia valdiviana.

Chilecomadia valdiviana (Philippi) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) is an insect native to Chile. The larval stages feed on the wood of economically important fruit tree species such as apple, pear, olive, cherry, and avocado, and also on eucalyptus. This causes weakening and, in case of severe infestation, death of the tree.

The effect of morbid obesity on morphine glucuronidation.

The purpose of the present work was to study the change in morphine metabolic ratio in obese subjects before and after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) and to identify clinical and/or biological factors associated with this change. The pharmacokinetics (PK) of oral morphine (30mg), morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) and morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) was performed in patients before (n=25; mean BMI=43.2 (35.

Maternal Influences on Access to and Use of Infant ARVs and HIV Health Services in Uganda.

Vertical transmission of HIV is responsible for about 14 % of new HIV cases reported each year in sub-Saharan Africa. Barriers that prevent women from accessing and using antiretroviral medications (ARVs) for themselves and their infants perpetuate the epidemic. To identify influences on access to and use of infant HIV health services, specifically nevirapine administration, we conducted a mixed methods study among HIV-positive women in Uganda.

Predictive Factors of Chronic Post-Surgical Pain at 6 Months Following Knee Replacement: Influence of Postoperative Pain Trajectory and Genetics.

Background: The frequency of chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) after knee replacement remains high, but might be decreased by improvements to prevention.

Objectives: To identify pre- and postsurgical factors predictive of CPSP 6 months after knee replacement.

Study Design: Single-center prospective observational study.

Three-dimensional fracture pattern analysis of the Obwegeser and Dal Pont bilateral sagittal split osteotomy.

The Obwegeser and Dal Pont modification of the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) is a well-established procedure in orthognathic surgery. The purpose of this retrospective study was to analyze the actual fracture patterns achieved with BSSO by Obwegeser and Dal Pont modification using postoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) datasets from 100 patients. A total of 200 split osteotomies were assessed, which could be categorized into nine different split patterns.

[Central nervous system lymphoma revealed by lymphocytic meningitis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: An unusual association].

Introduction: We report an unusual observation of central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma in a 60-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus and fatal outcome.

Observation: The patient had systemic erythematosus lupus for 7 years, treated with mycophenolate mofetil and developed lymphocytic meningitis in 2015 associated to the presence of EBV in the cerebrospinal fluid and a necrotic vermis' lesion. Diagnosis of large B-cell lymphoma was histologically confirmed from stereotaxic biopsy, shortly before she died from neurological complications.

Quantitative Atlas of Cytochrome P450, UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase, and Transporter Proteins in Jejunum of Morbidly Obese Subjects.

Protein expression levels of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in human jejunal tissues excised from morbidly obese subjects during gastric bypass surgery were evaluated using quantitative targeted absolute proteomics. Protein expression levels of 15 cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, 10 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes, and NADPH-P450 reductase (P450R) in microsomal fractions from 28 subjects and 49 transporters in plasma membrane fractions from 24 of the same subjects were determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Based on average values, UGT1A1, UGT2B15, UGT2B17, SGLT1, and GLUT2 exhibited high expression levels (over 10 fmol/μg protein), though UGT2B15 expression was detected at a high level in only one subject.

Subjective body vertical: a promising diagnostic tool in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus?

Postural instability is a frequent symptom of patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), and might be due to the misperception of body verticality. The objective of this study was to assess the usefulness of the subjective body vertical (SBV) as a potential tool for diagnosing iNPH. Twenty patients with iNPH underwent tests of SBV in the pitch and roll planes before and after cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage.

Disrupted trabecular bone micro-architecture in middle-aged male HIV-infected treated patients.

Objectives: HIV-infected individuals are at increased risk of incident fractures. Evaluation of trabecular bone micro-architecture is an important tool to assess bone strength, but its use has not yet been reported in middle-aged HIV-infected male individuals. The aim of the study was to compare bone micro-architecture between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected men.

[Network for Oncological Advisory Service (NOF) - a Pilot Project for (Long-Term) Follow-Up Care of Pediatric Cancer Patients].

In Germany some 2 000 children and adolescent are diagnosed with cancer every year. Curing rates are increasing and therewith also the number of survivors is growing. Survivors frequently suffer from long-term effects of the disease and its treatment, but long-term follow-up care shows deficits.

Outcomes and Cost-Effectiveness of Integrating HIV and Nutrition Service Delivery: Pilots in Malawi and Mozambique.

This paper provides the first estimates of impact and cost-effectiveness for integrated HIV and nutrition service delivery in sub-Saharan Africa. HIV and undernutrition are synergistic co-epidemics impacting millions of children throughout the region. To alleviate this co-epidemic, UNICEF supported small-scale pilot programs in Malawi and Mozambique that integrated HIV and nutrition service delivery.

The Subjective Postural Vertical Determined in Patients with Pusher Behavior During Standing.

Background: The subjective postural vertical (SPV), i.e., the perceived upright orientation of the body in relation to gravity, is disturbed in patients with pusher behavior.

Archaeal Community Changes Associated with Cultivation of Amazon Forest Soil with Oil Palm.

This study compared soil archaeal communities of the Amazon forest with that of an adjacent area under oil palm cultivation by 16S ribosomal RNA gene pyrosequencing. Species richness and diversity were greater in native forest soil than in the oil palm-cultivated area, and 130 OTUs (13.7%) were shared between these areas.