Case report: Palliation of right pulmonary artery compression with overlapping, self-expanding vascular stents and toceranib phosphate in a dog with a large, compressive chemodectoma.

Acquired pulmonary artery branch stenosis without main pulmonary artery involvement due to external compression by neoplasia has been described in human and veterinary medicine. Over time, this can result in right ventricular hypertension and right-sided heart failure. Endovascular stenting offers quick relief from signs, while the underlying cause is addressed.

Serum levels of prostate specific antigen, free PSA, [-2]proPSA, fPSA/tPSA ratio, Prostate Health Index, and glycosylation patterns of free PSA in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia pharmacotherapy.

Background: The medication used to treat benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), a common condition in men over 50 years of age, can alter the levels of biomarkers used in prostate cancer detection. Commonly used medications for BPH include alpha-blockers, 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs), and muscarinic antagonists. We studied the impact of these drugs on total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA), free PSA (fPSA), [-2]proPSA, fPSA/tPSA ratio, and the Prostate Health Index (PHI), as well as novel potential biomarkers in the form of glycan composition of fPSA.

Text Mining and Computational Chemistry Reveal Trends in Applications of Laser Desorption/Ionization Techniques to Small Molecules.

Continued development of laser desorption/ionization (LDI) since its inception in the 1960s has produced an explosion of soft ionization techniques, where ionization is assisted by the physical or chemical properties of a structure or matrix. While many of these techniques have primarily been used to ionize large biomolecules, including proteins, some have recently seen increasing applications to small molecules such as pharmaceuticals. Small molecules pose particular challenges for LDI techniques, including interference from the matrix or support in the low mass range.

When Your Partner is Being Flirted With: The Impact of Unsolicited Attention on Perceived Partner Desirability and Mate Retention Efforts.

When searching for a partner, people often rely on social cues to determine partners' suitability, finding those who attract attention from others particularly appealing. While people continue to evaluate their partners beyond relationship initiation, existing research has predominantly concentrated on the effects of observing others' choices during the stage of partner selection, neglecting to consider whether viewing others' attention toward current partners yields similar effects or instead elicits defensive devaluation. In three experiments, we exposed Israeli participants to situations where their partners received unsolicited flirtatious advances, utilizing visualization, virtual reality, and recall techniques.

New policies on skin-to-skin contact warrant an oxytocin-based perspective on perinatal health care.

Background: In 2023, the World Health Organization (WHO) published a Global Position Paper on Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC), which is applicable to all countries worldwide: from the moment of birth, every "small and sick" newborn should remain with mother in immediate and continuous skin-to-skin contact (SSC), receiving all required clinical care in that place. This was prompted by the startling results of a randomized controlled trial published in 2021: in which 1,609 infants receiving immediate SSC were compared with 1,602 controls that were separated from their mothers but otherwise received identical conventional state-of-the-art care. The intervention infants showed a 25% reduction in mortality after 28 days.

Ceramic-on-Ceramic Total Hip Arthroplasty Using a Double Tapered, Proximally Coated Stem: 15 to 24-year Clinical and Radiologic Follow-Up.

Background: Total hip arthroplasty implant choice profoundly affects survivorship, complications, and failure modes. This study evaluates the long-term (average 18 year) outcomes of ceramic-on-ceramic hip arthroplasty using uncemented shells and stems. Despite an impressive 20-year cumulative percent revision of 5.

An evaluation of the combination effect of zoledronate and chemotherapeutic agents in canine osteosarcoma cells.

Introduction: Osteosarcoma (OSA) is an aggressive form of bone cancer in both dogs and humans. The treatment options for metastatic (stage III) OSA are currently limited and the prognosis is poor. Zoledronate, a second generation amino-bisphosphonate, is commonly used for palliation of cancer induced bone pain.

Biometric identification of dairy cows via real-time facial recognition.

Biometrics methods, which currently identify humans, can potentially identify dairy cows. Given that animal movements cannot be easily controlled, identification accuracy and system robustness are challenging when deploying an animal biometrics recognition system on a real farm. Our proposed method performs multiple-cow face detection and face classification from videos by adjusting recent state-of-the-art deep-learning methods.

Novel genomic prognostic biomarkers for dogs with cancer.

Background: Growing evidence from dogs and humans supports the abundance of mutation-based biomarkers in tumors of dogs. Increasing the use of clinical genomic diagnostic testing now provides another powerful data source for biomarker discovery.

Hypothesis: Analyzed clinical outcomes in dogs with cancer profiled using SearchLight DNA, a cancer gene panel for dogs, to identify mutations with prognostic value.

Machine vision-based automatic lamb identification and drinking activity in a commercial farm.

Using ear tags, farmers can track specific data for individual lambs such as age, medical records, body condition scores, genetic abnormalities; to make data-based decisions. However, automatic reading of ear tags using Radio Frequency Identification requires (a) an antenna, (b) a reader, (c) comparable reading standards; consequently, such a system can be expensive and impractical for a large group of lambs, especially in situations where animals are not required to have a compulsory Electronic identification, contrary to the case in Europe, where it is mandatory. Therefore, this paper proposes a machine vision system for indoor animals to identify individual lambs using existing ear tags.

Correlations of mobility and Covid-19 transmission in global data.

Assessing the contribution of mobility declines to the control of Covid-19 diffusion is an urgent challenge of global import. We analyze the temporal correlation between transmission rates and societal mobility levels using daily mobility data from Google and Apple in an international panel of 99 countries during the period of March-December 2020. Reduced form regression estimates that flexibly control for time trends suggest that globally, a 10 percentage point reduction in mobility is associated with a 0.

Impact of an Area Agency on Aging pharmacist-led Community Care Transition Initiative.

Background: Rural older adults are at risk of readmissions and medication-related problems after hospital discharge.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare 30-day hospital readmissions between participants and nonparticipants and describe medication therapy problems (MTPs) and barriers to care, self-management, and social needs among participants.

Practice Description: The Michigan Region VII Area Agency on Aging (AAA) Community Care Transition Initiative (CCTI) for rural older adults after hospitalization.

Immediate skin-to-skin contact for low birth weight infants is safe in terms of cardiorespiratory stability in limited-resource settings.

Aim: To investigate the safety of skin-to-skin contact initiated immediately after birth on cardiorespiratory parameters in unstable low birth weight infants.

Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted in tertiary newborn units in Ghana, India, Malawi, Nigeria and Tanzania in 2017-2020, in infants with birth weight 1.0-1.

Adeno-associated virus type 2 in US children with acute severe hepatitis.

As of August 2022, clusters of acute severe hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children have been reported from 35 countries, including the USA. Previous studies have found human adenoviruses (HAdVs) in the blood from patients in Europe and the USA, although it is unclear whether this virus is causative. Here we used PCR testing, viral enrichment-based sequencing and agnostic metagenomic sequencing to analyse samples from 16 HAdV-positive cases from 1 October 2021 to 22 May 2022, in parallel with 113 controls.

NBACC's Scientific Research and Operational Posture During the 2020-2021 COVID-19 Pandemic.

Introduction: The National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center (NBACC) is a national resource established to understand the scientific basis of the risk posed by biological threats, and to analyze evidentiary material from bioterror or biocrime events. Like many other U.S.

Polyenic Antibiotics and Other Antifungal Compounds Produced by Hemolytic Species.

are of great interest in the pharmaceutical industry as they produce a plethora of secondary metabolites that act as antibacterial and antifungal agents. They may thrive on their own in the soil, or associate with other organisms, such as plants or invertebrates. Some soil-derived strains exhibit hemolytic properties when cultivated on blood agar, raising the question of whether hemolysis could be a virulence factor of the bacteria.

Evaluation of zoledronate for the treatment of canine stage III osteosarcoma: A phase II study.

Background: Greater than 90% of dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma will develop pulmonary metastasis despite the standard of care. Available treatments have limited efficacy for stage III disease. Zoledronate, a bisphosphonate, induces apoptosis of canine osteosarcoma cells and appears to modulate the tumour microenvironment.

Immediate skin-to-skin contact after birth ensures stable thermoregulation in very preterm infants in high-resource settings.

Aim: To investigate the impact of immediate skin-to-skin contact with a parent after birth on thermal regulation in very preterm infants.

Methods: This clinical trial was conducted in three neonatal intensive care units in Scandinavia from 2018 to 2021. Infants born between 28 + 0 and 32 + 6 weeks and days of gestation were randomised to immediate skin-to-skin contact or conventional care in an incubator during the first 6 postnatal hours.

Semantic Annotation of Experimental Methods in Analytical Chemistry.

A major obstacle for reusing and integrating existing data is finding the data that is most relevant in a given context. The primary metadata resource is the scientific literature describing the experiments that produced the data. To stimulate the development of natural language processing methods for extracting this information from articles, we have manually annotated 100 recent open access publications in Analytical Chemistry as semantic graphs.

GIP Affects Hepatic Fat and Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis but Not White Adipose Tissue Transcriptome in Type 1 Diabetes.

Context: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) has been proposed to exert insulin-independent effects on lipid and bone metabolism.

Objective: We investigated the effects of a 6-day subcutaneous GIP infusion on circulating lipids, white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), hepatic fat content, inflammatory markers, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and bone homeostasis in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study, 20 men with type 1 diabetes underwent a 6-day continuous subcutaneous infusion with GIP (6 pmol/kg/min) and placebo (saline), with an interposed 7-day washout period.

Immediate skin-to-skin contact may have beneficial effects on the cardiorespiratory stabilisation in very preterm infants.

Aim: Our aim was to investigate what effect immediate skin-to-skin contact with a parent had on the cardiorespiratory stabilisation of very preterm infants.

Methods: This randomised clinical trial was conducted during 2018-2021 at two university hospitals with three neonatal intensive care units in Norway and Sweden. Infants born from 28+0 to 32+6 weeks of gestation were randomised to immediate skin-to-skin contact with a parent for the first six postnatal hours or standard incubator care.

Transcriptomic Analysis of Canine Osteosarcoma from a Precision Medicine Perspective Reveals Limitations of Differential Gene Expression Studies.

Despite significant advances in cancer diagnosis and treatment, osteosarcoma (OSA), an aggressive primary bone tumor, has eluded attempts at improving patient survival for many decades. The difficulty in managing OSA lies in its extreme genetic complexity, drug resistance, and heterogeneity, making it improbable that a single-target treatment would be beneficial for the majority of affected individuals. Precision medicine seeks to fill this gap by addressing the intra- and inter-tumoral heterogeneity to improve patient outcome and survival.