College students' drinking patterns: trajectories of AUDIT scores during the first four years at university.

Aims: Changes in AUDIT score trajectories were examined in a student population during their first 4 years at a university, including high-risk consumers and a subsample of low-risk consumers.

Method: 359 students were selected for the present study, comprising all high-risk consumers (the 27% with highest scores, i.e.

Self-rated mental health, school adjustment, and substance use in hard-of-hearing adolescents.

This survey, "Life and Health-Young People 2005," included all 15/16-year-old adolescents in mainstream schools in the county of Orebro, Sweden. Just students with a slight/mild or moderate hearing loss were included. There were 56 (1.

Factors associated with history of non-fatal overdose among opioid users in the Swedish criminal justice system.

Background: Overdose (OD) is a common cause of death in opioid users. Also, many current opioid users report a history of non-fatal OD. The present study aimed to identify factors associated with a history of non-fatal OD.

beta-Endorphin modulates adenosine provoked chest pain in men, but not in women-a comparison between patients with ischemic heart disease and healthy volunteers.

Introduction: Increasing evidence suggests the existence of sex differences in pain perception. Adenosine, an early messenger for myocardial ischemia induces angina pectorislike symptoms in healthy volunteers and in patients with ischemic heart disease.

Aims: To study whether sex influences adenosine-provoked chest pain and the analgesic effect of the opioid receptor agonist beta-endorphin.

SAR studies of capsazepinoid bronchodilators. Part 1: The importance of the catechol moiety and aspects of the B-ring structure.

Capsazepine as well as its derivatives and analogues are general inhibitors of constriction of human small airways. From a systematic variation of the capsazepine structure, divided into four regions, SARs were established. This part concerns the catechol moiety of the A-ring as well as the 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-2-azepine moiety (the B-ring) of capsazepine.

SAR studies of capsazepinoid bronchodilators. Part 2: Chlorination and catechol replacement in the A-ring.

Capsazepine as well as its derivatives and analogues are general inhibitors of constriction of human small airways. From a systematic variation of the capsazepine structure, divided into four regions, SARs were established. This paper concerns the chlorination of the A-ring as well as the replacement of the catechol with bioisosteric groups.

The inflammatory response and hyaluronan synthases in the rabbit flexor tendon and tendon sheath following injury.

Using a rabbit model of flexor tendon injury, mRNA levels for a subset of relevant molecules involved in inflammatory and fibrotic processes were assessed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction 3, 6, 12 and 24 days after injury. Increased levels of COX-2, IL-1beta, MMP-13 and TIMP-1 mRNA were detected in both tendon and tendon sheath following injury, with each molecule exhibiting tissue and time-dependent changes. MMP-13 and TIMP-1 mRNA levels were markedly upregulated in both tissues, whereas COX-2 and IL-1beta predominantly increased in tendon.

Use of real-time interactive voice response in a study of stress and alcohol consumption.

Background: The goal of this study was to investigate whether Interactive Voice Response is a technology with which to perform real-time assessments of alcohol consumption and stress.

Methods: Fifteen subjects (men and women) were recruited from a previous 4-year intervention study (n = 2,032). The Interactive Voice Response technique was based on mobile telephones.

Protein expression and cellular localization in two prognostic subgroups of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: higher expression of ZAP70 and PKC-beta II in the non-germinal center group and poor survival in patients deficient in nuclear PTEN.

Patients diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) show varying responses to conventional therapy, and this might be contributed to the differentiation stage of the tumor B-cells. The aim of the current study was to evaluate a panel of kinases (ZAP70, PKC-beta I and II and phosphorylated PKB/Akt) and phosphatases (PTEN, SHP1 and SHP2) known to be frequently deregulated in lymphoid malignancies. De novo DLBCL cases were divided into two subgroups, the germinal center (GC) group (14/28) and the non-germinal center (non-GC) or activated B-cell (ABC) group (14/28).

Two-year outcome of an intervention program for university students who have parents with alcohol problems: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Only a few intervention studies aiming to change high-risk drinking behavior have involved university students with heredity for alcohol problems. This study evaluated the effects after 2 years on drinking patterns and coping behavior of intervention programs for students with parents with alcohol problems.

Method: In total, 82 university students (57 women and 25 men, average age 25 years) with at least 1 parent with alcohol problems were included in the study.

Urinary arsenic concentration adjustment factors and malnutrition.

This study aims at evaluating the suitability of adjusting urinary concentrations of arsenic, or any other urinary biomarker, for variations in urine dilution by creatinine and specific gravity in a malnourished population. We measured the concentrations of metabolites of inorganic arsenic, creatinine and specific gravity in spot urine samples collected from 1466 individuals, 5-88 years of age, in Matlab, rural Bangladesh, where arsenic-contaminated drinking water and malnutrition are prevalent (about 30% of the adults had body mass index (BMI) below 18.5 kg/m(2)).

Co-expression of neuropeptide Y Y1 and Y5 receptors results in heterodimerization and altered functional properties.

Centrally administered neuropeptide Y (NPY) produces anxiolytic and orexigenic effects by interacting with Y1 and Y5 receptors that are colocalized in many brain regions. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that co-expression of Y1 and Y5 receptors results in heterodimerization, altered pharmacological properties and altered desensitization. To accomplish this, the carboxyl-termini of Y1 and Y5 receptors were fused with Renilla luciferase and green fluorescent protein and the proximity of the tagged receptors assessed using bioluminescent resonance energy transfer.

Buprenorphine misuse among heroin and amphetamine users in Malmo, Sweden: purpose of misuse and route of administration.

Buprenorphine misuse by injecting drug users was assessed in a survey of 350 needle exchangers, either amphetamine (57%) or heroin users (42%). 89% of heroin users and 24% of amphetamine users reported using buprenorphine at some time during the previous year. Most users reported illicit acquisition.

CD40 expression identifies a prognostically favourable subgroup of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

In order to confirm our earlier findings of the prognostic effects of CD23 and CD40 expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), possibly due to association with the germinal center (GC) phenotype and/or an increased autologous tumour response, tumour specimens from 125 patients with de novo DLBCL were investigated for immunohistochemical expression of CD23, CD40, BCL6, CD10, MUM1, CD4 and CD8. CD40 was positive in 64% and was associated with improved overall survival (p = 0.03).

Efficacy of maintenance treatment with methadone for opioid dependence: a meta-analytical study.

The two aims of this study were to analyse the impact of methadone on outcome, and to confirm the results from previous meta-analyses by using a different methodology. The literature on randomized controlled trials (RCT) of methadone as maintenance treatment for opioid dependence was systematically reviewed. Eight studies involving 1511 patients were included.

Bioaccessibility of metals in urban playground soils.

Children ingest soil. The amount ingested varies with the child's behaviour, and daily ingestion rates have been calculated to be between 39 and 270 mg day(-1). During play, children ingest soil both involuntarily and deliberately, and it can be assumed that the latter may result in ingestion of a larger soil particle size fraction and a larger soil mass than the former.

Mast cell infiltration is a favourable prognostic factor in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Previous studies indicate that the inflammatory response in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) is important for the clinical outcome. Mast cells are key regulators in this response; we investigated whether the number of tryptase-positive mast cells is correlated with clinical outcome. Patients with many mast cells had a significantly better event-free survival (EFS) compared to those with few mast cells (P < 0.

Discovery of a potent and long-acting bronchorelaxing capsazepinoid, RESPIR 4-95.

Background: Current drugs including beta-agonists have limited smooth muscle relaxant effects on human small airways. Yet this is a major site of obstruction in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Objective: This study explores human small airway relaxant effects of RESPIR 4-95, a novel chemical analogue (capsazepinoid) to capsazepine.

Alcohol involvement in Swedish University freshmen related to gender, age, serious relationship and family history of alcohol problems.

Aim: The primary aim of this study was to describe alcohol involvement in relation to gender and different age cohorts among freshmen at two Swedish universities. The secondary aim was to investigate whether the results were related to a likelihood of students being in serious relationships and/or had a first-degree relative with alcohol problems.

Methods: Two complete cohorts of university freshmen at two homogeneous universities were asked to participate in an intervention study, and the results of the basic assessments are presented in this article.

Clopidogrel inhibits platelet aggregation in patients on aspirin with stable chronic angina pectoris.

Ten patients with chronic stable angina pectoris and ten aged-matched healthy controls were investigated. Aspirin was given as 160 mg/day and clopidogrel as 300 mg loading dose followed by 75 mg/day. Whole blood aggregometry was performed at baseline and after 10 days with collagen or ADP as stimulator.

Prognostic impact of immunohistochemically defined germinal center phenotype in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients treated with immunochemotherapy.

Germinal center (GC) and non-GC phenotypes are predictors of outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and can be used to stratify chemotherapy-treated patients into low- and high-risk groups. To determine how combination of rituximab with chemotherapy influences GC-associated clinical outcome, GC and non-GC phenotypes were identified immunohistochemically from samples of 90 de novo DLBCL patients treated with rituximab in combination with CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone)-like regimen (immunochemotherapy). One hundred and four patients previously treated with chemotherapy served as a control group.

Two-year outcome of alcohol interventions in Swedish university halls of residence: a cluster randomized trial of a brief skills training program, twelve-step-influenced intervention, and controls.

Background: High-risk alcohol consumption among university students is well documented. Several types of intervention have proved to be effective in reducing alcohol consumption. This study examines the 2-year outcome of 2 different alcohol intervention programs at university halls of residence.

Telomere length and correlation with histopathogenesis in B-cell leukemias/lymphomas.

Telomere length was recently reported to correlate with cellular origin of B-cell malignancies in relation to the germinal center (GC). In this report, we measured telomere length by quantitative-PCR in 223 B-cell lymphomas/leukemias and correlated results with immunoglobulin (Ig) mutation status and immunostainings for GC/non-GC subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Shortest telomeres were found in Ig-unmutated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) [median telomere to single copy gene value (T/S) 0.