Publications by authors named "Berger D"

Background: The management of cardiac arrest patients receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an essential aspect of emergency medicine (EM) training. At our institution, we have a 1-month Resuscitation Rotation designed to augment resident training in managing critical patients. The objective of this study is to compare 30-day mortality between cardiac arrest patients with resuscitation resident (RR) involvement versus patients without.

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Phenotypic plasticity can either hinder or promote adaptation to novel environments. Recent studies that have quantified alignments between plasticity, genetic variation, and divergence propose that such alignments may reflect constraints that bias future evolutionary trajectories. Here, we emphasize that such alignments may themselves be a result of natural selection and do not necessarily indicate constraints on adaptation.

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For large-scale vision tasks in biomedical images, the labeled data is often limited to train effective deep models. Active learning is a common solution, where a query suggestion method selects representative unlabeled samples for annotation, and the new labels are used to improve the base model. However, most query suggestion models optimize their learnable parameters only on the limited labeled data and consequently become less effective for the more challenging unlabeled data.

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Introduction: Maintenance of cardiac function is required for successful outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Cardiac function can be augmented using a mechanical circulatory support (MCS) device, most commonly an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) or Impella®.

Objective: Our objective is to assess whether the use of a MCS is associated with improved survival in patients resuscitated from OHCA in Michigan.

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Aim: Resuscitation from out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) requires success across the entire chain of survival. Using a large state-wide registry, we characterized variation in clinical outcomes at hospital discharge in Michigan hospitals.

Methods: We utilized the Michigan Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival (CARES) and included adult OHCA subjects with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) from 2014 - 2017 that survived to hospital admission.

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Objective: To determine if preoperative nutritional counseling and exercise (prehabilitation) improve outcomes in obese patients seeking ventral hernia repair (VHR)?

Summary Background Data: Obesity and poor fitness are associated with complications following VHR. It is unknown if preoperative prehabilitation improves outcomes of obese patients seeking VHR.

Methods: This is the 2-year follow-up of a blinded randomized controlled trial from 2015 to 2017 at a safety-net academic institution.

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After traumatic brain injury (TBI), some people have worse recovery than others. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Apolipoprotein E (APOE) are known to increase risk for developing Alzheimer's disease, however there is controversy from human and rodent studies as to whether ApoE4 is a risk factor for worse outcomes after brain trauma. To resolve these conflicting studies we have explored the effect of the human APOE4 gene in a reproducible mouse model that mimics common human injuries.

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Background: A debate about the scientific quality of COVID-19 themed research has emerged. We explored whether the quality of evidence of COVID-19 publications is lower when compared to nonCOVID-19 publications in the three highest ranked scientific medical journals.

Methods: We searched the PubMed Database from March 12 to April 12, 2020 and identified 559 publications in the New England Journal of Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association, and The Lancet which were divided into COVID-19 (cases, n = 204) and nonCOVID-19 (controls, n = 355) associated content.

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Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) consists of few but vital maternally inherited genes that interact closely with nuclear genes to produce cellular energy. How important mtDNA polymorphism is for adaptation is still unclear. The assumption in population genetic studies is often that segregating mtDNA variation is selectively neutral.

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Background: The aetiology and appropriate treatment for auricular chondritis in the dog are currently unclear. This report describes a unique presentation and successful treatment of a dog with auricular chondritis.

Clinical Summary: A 12-year-old, female spayed, Labrador retriever dog was presented for severe pain thought to be neurological in origin.

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Introduction: Tumor border configuration (TBC) is a prognostic factor in colorectal adenocarcinoma; however, the significance of TBC is not well-documented in colon adenocarcinoma alone.

Objective: Our aim was to study the effect of TBC on overall and disease-free survival in stage II and III colon adenocarcinoma.

Methods: We included patients with stage II and III colon adenocarcinoma who were surgically treated at a tertiary medical center between 2004 and 2015, to ensure long-term follow-up.

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Article Synopsis
  • A 2-month-old female Vietnamese potbellied pig was brought to a veterinary teaching hospital due to itching (pruritus), following a recent dermatitis diagnosis in its human caretaker.
  • Skin scrape samples were examined and identified a mite species closely related to *Demodex canis*, confirming the cause of the pig's condition.
  • The pig was successfully treated with afoxolaner after ivermectin proved ineffective, and follow-up showed no more itching, suggesting afoxolaner could be a viable treatment for mite infections in pet pigs.
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Epidemiological studies from the last century have drawn strong associations between paternal life experiences and offspring health and disease outcomes. Recent studies have demonstrated sperm small non-coding RNA (sncRNA) populations vary in response to diverse paternal insults. However, for studies in retrospective or prospective human cohorts to identify changes in paternal germ cell epigenetics in association with offspring disease risk, a framework must first be built with insight into the expected biological variation inherent in human populations.

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Background: Octogenarians constitute a growing percentage of patients diagnosed with colon malignancies. This study aims to determine if the clinical and pathologic presentation of octogenarians with colon cancer differs from that of patients diagnosed at a younger age.

Methods: Data were collected retrospectively for all patients diagnosed with colon cancer who underwent resection at a single institution between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2017; patients with rectal cancer were excluded.

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Purpose: The role of positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) in evaluating the local extent of rectal cancer remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the possible role of PET/MR versus magnetic resonance (MR) in clinically staging rectal cancer.

Methods: This retrospective two-center cohort study of 62 patients with untreated rectal cancer investigated the possible role of baseline staging PET/MR versus stand-alone MR in determination of clinical stage.

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Background: Stroke volume measurement should provide estimates of acute treatment responses. The current pulse contour method estimates left ventricle stroke volume. Heart-lung interactions change right ventricular stroke volume acutely.

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Background: Multimodal treatment is the standard of care for rectal adenocarcinoma, with a subset of patients achieving a pathologic complete response (pCR). While pCR is associated with improved overall survival (OS), long-term data on patients with pCR is limited.

Methods: This is a single institution retrospective cohort study of all patients with clinical stages II/III rectal adenocarcinoma who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy and operative resection (January 1, 2004-December 31, 2017).

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Introduction: Extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) is a poor prognostic factor in colon cancer. However, the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with EMVI is not well defined. The objective of this study is to determine if there is a survival benefit for using adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with EMVI-positive colon cancers.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on measuring IgG and IgA in human rectal secretions to assess responses to HIV vaccines and immunoprophylaxis methods, specifically comparing a newly optimized balloon device (OriCol) with sponge collection methods.
  • The OriCol device, when lubricated and inflated to 30 cc, demonstrated significantly lower contamination from hemoglobin and higher sample recovery volumes compared to traditional sponge methods.
  • Participant feedback indicated that the OriCol method was well-accepted, with over 85% rating their experience positively on a satisfaction scale, highlighting its potential for improved sampling of rectal microbiome in HIV research.
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Black chokeberry fruits possess a wide range of biological activities, among which the most important that are frequently mentioned in the literature are their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and antimicrobial properties. The present paper reports, for the first time, the encapsulation of the ethanolic extract of L. fruits into two mesoporous silica-type matrices (i.

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HspA1A, a molecular chaperone, translocates to the plasma membrane (PM) of stressed and cancer cells. This translocation results in HspA1A's cell-surface presentation, which renders tumors radiation insensitive. To specifically inhibit the lipid-driven HspA1A's PM translocation and devise new therapeutics it is imperative to characterize the unknown HspA1A's lipid-binding regions and determine the relationship between the chaperone and lipid-binding functions.

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