Reliability of Diagnosis of Partial Union of Scaphoid Waist Fractures on Computed Tomography.

Computed tomography (CT) is increasingly used not just to diagnose union but also to estimate the percentage of the fracture gap that is bridged by healing bone. This study tested the primary null hypothesis that there is no agreement between observers on the extent of union of a scaphoid waist fracture on CT. CT scans of 13 nondisplaced scaphoid waist fractures treated nonoperatively were rated by 145 observers.

Lasmiditan is an effective acute treatment for migraine: A phase 3 randomized study.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of lasmiditan in the acute treatment of migraine.

Methods: Adult patients with migraine were randomized (1:1:1) to a double-blind dose of oral lasmiditan 200 mg, lasmiditan 100 mg, or placebo and were asked to treat their next migraine attack within 4 hours of onset. Over 48 hours after dosing, patients used an electronic diary to record headache pain and the presence of nausea, phonophobia, and photophobia, one of which was designated their most bothersome symptom (MBS).

3DRA Reconstruction of Intracranial Aneurysms - How does Voxel Size Influences Morphologic and Hemodynamic Parameters.

Three-dimensional shape analysis and imagebased hemodynamic simulations are widely used to assess the individual rupture risk of intracranial aneurysms. However, the quality of those results highly depends on pre-simulative working steps including image reconstruction and segmentation. Within this study, three patient-specific aneurysms were reconstructed using three different voxel sizes (0.

Ticket to spawn: Combining economic and genetic data to evaluate the effect of climate and demographic structure on spawning distribution in Atlantic cod.

Climate warming and harvesting affect the dynamics of species across the globe through a multitude of mechanisms, including distribution changes. In fish, migrations to and distribution on spawning grounds are likely influenced by both climate warming and harvesting. The Northeast Arctic (NEA) cod (Gadus morhua) performs seasonal migrations from its feeding grounds in the Barents Sea to spawning grounds along the Norwegian coast.

Real-World Variability in the Prediction of Intracranial Aneurysm Wall Shear Stress: The 2015 International Aneurysm CFD Challenge.

Purpose: Image-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is widely used to predict intracranial aneurysm wall shear stress (WSS), particularly with the goal of improving rupture risk assessment. Nevertheless, concern has been expressed over the variability of predicted WSS and inconsistent associations with rupture. Previous challenges, and studies from individual groups, have focused on individual aspects of the image-based CFD pipeline.

Multiple Aneurysms AnaTomy CHallenge 2018 (MATCH): Phase I: Segmentation.

Purpose: Advanced morphology analysis and image-based hemodynamic simulations are increasingly used to assess the rupture risk of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). However, the accuracy of those results strongly depends on the quality of the vessel wall segmentation.

Methods: To evaluate state-of-the-art segmentation approaches, the Multiple Aneurysms AnaTomy CHallenge (MATCH) was announced.

Semiautomatic neck curve reconstruction for intracranial aneurysm rupture risk assessment based on morphological parameters.

Purpose: Morphological parameters of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are well established for rupture risk assessment. However, a manual measurement is error-prone, not reproducible and cumbersome. For an automatic extraction of morphological parameters, a 3D neck curve reconstruction approach to delineate the aneurysm from the parent vessel is required.

Visual Analysis of Aneurysm Data using Statistical Graphics.

This paper presents a framework to explore multi-field data of aneurysms occurring at intracranial and cardiac arteries by using statistical graphics. The rupture of an aneurysm is often a fatal scenario, whereas during treatment serious complications for the patient can occur. Whether an aneurysm ruptures or whether a treatment is successful depends on the interaction of different morphological such as wall deformation and thickness, and hemodynamic attributes like wall shear stress and pressure.

The miR-96 and RARγ signaling axis governs androgen signaling and prostate cancer progression.

Expression levels of retinoic acid receptor gamma (NR1B3/RARG, encodes RARγ) are commonly reduced in prostate cancer (PCa). Therefore, we sought to establish the cellular and gene regulatory consequences of reduced RARγ expression, and determine RARγ regulatory mechanisms. RARG shRNA approaches in non-malignant (RWPE-1 and HPr1-AR) and malignant (LNCaP) prostate models revealed that reducing RARγ levels, rather than adding exogenous retinoid ligand, had the greatest impact on prostate cell viability and gene expression.

Sensitivity and specificity of microRNA-122 for liver disease in dogs.

Background: Current tests for diagnosing liver disease in dogs are sub-optimal. MicroRNA-122 (miR-122) is a sensitive and specific biomarker of liver injury in humans and rodents. Circulating miR-122 could have utility in identifying dogs with liver disease.

Comparison of intracranial aneurysm flow quantification techniques: standard PIV vs stereoscopic PIV vs tomographic PIV vs phase-contrast MRI vs CFD.

Image-based hemodynamic simulations to assess the rupture risk or improve the treatment planning of intracranial aneurysms have become popular recently. However, due to strong modeling assumptions and limitations, the acceptance of numerical approaches remains limited. Therefore, validation using experimental methods is mandatory.

Attending a social event and consuming alcohol is associated with changes in serum microRNA: a before and after study in healthy adults.

Purpose: Circulating microRNAs represent a reservoir for biomarker discovery. Our objective was to profile the change in human circulating microRNA associated with recreational use of alcohol at a social event.

Material And Methods: Blood was collected from healthy volunteers (N = 16) before and after recreational consumption of alcohol (ethanol).

Does Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Have an Added Value to Clinical Assessment in Predicting Upper-Limb Function Very Early After Severe Stroke?

Background: The added prognostic value of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-induced motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) to clinical modeling for the upper limb is still unknown early poststroke.

Objective: To determine the added prognostic value of TMS of the adductor digiti minimi (TMS-ADM) to the clinical model based on voluntary shoulder abduction (SA) and finger extension (FE) during the first 48 hours and at 11 days after stroke.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study with 3 logistic regression models, developed to predict upper-limb function at 6 months poststroke.

Uncertainty about social interactions leads to the evolution of social heuristics.

Individuals face many types of social interactions throughout their lives, but they often cannot perfectly assess what the consequences of their actions will be. Although it is known that unpredictable environments can profoundly affect the evolutionary process, it remains unclear how uncertainty about the nature of social interactions shapes the evolution of social behaviour. Here, we present an evolutionary simulation model, showing that even intermediate uncertainty leads to the evolution of simple cooperation strategies that disregard information about the social interaction ('social heuristics').

Comparing population and incident data for optimal air ambulance base locations in Norway.

Background: Helicopter emergency medical services are important in many health care systems. Norway has a nationwide physician manned air ambulance service servicing a country with large geographical variations in population density and incident frequencies. The aim of the study was to compare optimal air ambulance base locations using both population and incident data.

Virtual stenting of intracranial aneurysms: A pilot study for the prediction of treatment success based on hemodynamic simulations.

Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms using flow-diverting devices has revolutionized the treatment of large and complex lesions due to its minimally invasive nature and potential clinical outcomes. However, incomplete or delayed occlusion and persistent intracranial aneurysm growth are still an issue for up to one-third of the patients. We evaluated two patients with intracranial aneurysm located at the internal carotid artery who were treated with flow-diverting devices and had opposite outcomes.

Pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosed according to the WHO-2013 and WHO-1999 diagnostic criteria: a multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) adopted more stringent diagnostic criteria for GDM in 2013, to improve pregnancy outcomes. However, there is no global consensus on these new diagnostic criteria, because of limited evidence. The objective of the study was to evaluate maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes in two cohorts in the Netherlands applying different diagnostic criteria for GDM i.

Low-dose CT of postoperative pelvic fractures: a comparison with radiography.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is superior to conventional radiography (CR) for assessing internal fixation of pelvic fractures, but with a higher radiation exposure. Low-dose CT (LDCT) could possibly have a sufficient diagnostic accuracy but with a lower radiation dose.

Purpose: To compare postoperative diagnostic accuracy of LDCT and CR after open reduction and internal fixation of pelvic fracture.

BP1, a potential biomarker for breast cancer prognosis.

Homeobox genes are critical in tumor development. An isoform protein of DLX4 called BP1 is expressed in 80% of invasive ductal breast carcinomas. BP1 overexpression is implicated in an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis.

Balanced selection on purebred and crossbred performance increases gain in crossbreds.

Background: Genomic selection can be applied to select purebreds for crossbred performance (CP). The average performance of crossbreds can be considered as the summation of two components, i.e.

Processing methods for photoacoustic Doppler flowmetry with a clinical ultrasound scanner.

Photoacoustic flowmetry (PAF) based on time-domain cross correlation of photoacoustic signals is a promising technique for deep tissue measurement of blood flow velocity. Signal processing has previously been developed for single element transducers. Here, the processing methods for acoustic resolution PAF using a clinical ultrasound transducer array are developed and validated using a 64-element transducer array with a -6 dB detection band of 11 to 17 MHz.

Allele-specific repression of Sox2 through the long non-coding RNA Sox2ot.

The transcription factor Sox2 controls the fate of pluripotent stem cells and neural stem cells. This gatekeeper function requires well-regulated Sox2 levels. We postulated that Sox2 regulation is partially controlled by the Sox2 overlapping long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) gene Sox2ot.