Dataset of iodine concentration in soils and grassland vegetation and radioactive contamination of pastures of the regions of the Russian Federation affected by the Chernobyl NPP accident.

Iodine is a trace element with an important role in human health. Iodine deficiency is a global health problem that can provoke iodine-deficiency-related thyroid disorders, such as endemic goitre, hypothyroidism, thyroid cancer, etc. Study of iodine in the soils and vegetation was conducted from 2008 to 2022 in the Bryansk and Oryol regions of Russia.

A study of iodine concentration in drinking waters of Bryansk and Oryol regions.

The aim of the research was to study and compare iodine concentration in natural waters originating from aquifers of different ages, primarily residents use for drinking purposes. The analysis was based on the original data on the samples collected during the fieldwork in the Bryansk region (2013-2017) and in the Oryol region (2016-2017). In addition to iodine concentration, the main geochemical parameters (salinity, etc.

On the ordered nature of redistribution of technogenic elements in undisturbed elementary landscape-geochemical systems of the temperate zone on the example of the Chernobyl Cs fallout.

The study is aimed at identifying patterns in distribution of pollutants in the elementary landscape-geochemical systems (ELGS) of the temperate zone. The study used Cs as a tracer, which allows a highly detailed analysis of the nature of the heterogeneity of secondary migration in the toposequence: summit-slope-closing depression, treated as the elementary landscape-geochemical system. The study site was located in the Bryansk region in the Chernobyl abandoned area with an initial level of Cs contamination exceeding 1480 kBq/m (40 Ci/km).

The chromatographic processes in the S-chamber with the counter plate.

For the first time the chromatographic processes in the new variant of a S(min)-chamber with a counter plate (a S(min)(CP)-chamber) positioned at a small distance above a separating plate have been studied, given the adsorption layers of the both plates (the separating plate and the counter plate) are turned to each other. It should be noted that the features of this method have not been completely studied, only two publications were devoted to the practical using of the S(CP)-chamber. Using of a dry counter plate in the S(min)-chamber having been proposed by us recently leads to the marked increase in the volume of the mobile phase that continuously migrates through the separating plate.

Gas chromatography analysis of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes using newly designed needle trap device in aqueous samples.

A newly designed needle trap device with Carbopack X as a sorbent material is used for sampling, preconcentration and injection of volatile analytes benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) into gas chromatograph. The closed system of stripping the analytes from water samples was used. An injection port with a modified metal liner was used to desorb analytes trapped in needle trap device.

[On some demographic characteristics of the members of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the 20th century].

The demographic life characteristics of the Russian science elite (full and corresponding members of the Academy of Sciences in 20th century) and the relationship between their birth and death dates are given in the paper. The following demographic characteristics of the RAS members have been estimated: a) the mean life span of full RAS members is 75 years, and of corresponding members--72.1 years; b) the mean life span of full RAS members after their election is 16.

Investigations of a new field in gas chromatography: capillary columns with a super-thick layer of stationary liquid phase.

Basic characteristics (efficiency, selectivity, non-equilibrium) of capillary columns with a super-thick layer of stationary liquid phase are investigated. In contrast to traditionally used capillary columns with standard stationary phase thickness of 0.1-0.

Use of low volatility mobile phases in electroosmotic thin-layer chromatography.

A variant of electroosmotic thin-layer chromatography is suggested with the use of low volatility compounds as mobile phases aimed at drastically decreasing the evaporation of the mobile phase and improving the reproducibility of the method. The linear movement velocity of zones of separated compounds is experimentally shown to increase 2-12-fold in electroosmotic chromatography (compared to similar values in traditional TLC). The separation efficiency is also considerably increased.

Streaming potential in cylindrical pores of poly(ethylene terephthalate) track-etched membranes: variation of apparent zeta potential with pore radius.

Streaming potential variation with pressure measured through poly(ethylene terephthalate) track-etched membranes of different pore sizes led to the determination of an apparent interfacial potential zetaa in the presence of 10-2 M KCl. The variation of zetaa with the pore radius r0 is interpreted by (i) the electric double layer overlap effect and (ii) the presence of a conductive gel layer. We propose a method which integrates both effects by assuming a simple model for the conductive gel at the pore wall.

Ultra-short open capillary columns in gas-liquid chromatography.

New area in capillary gas chromatography (GC) was investigated. Many important analytical tasks can be solved only use very short capillary columns. Variation of chromatographic characteristics of ultra-short capillary columns with column length was originally studied at the conditions of gas-liquid chromatography.

Needle concentrator for gas chromatographic determination of BTEX in aqueous samples.

A simple method of solventless extraction of volatile organic compounds (BTEX) from aqueous samples was developed and validated. A new arrangement of the full volume inside needle capillary adsorption trap (INCAT) device with Porapak Q as a sorbent material and wet alumina as a source of desorptive water vapour flow in a closed analytical system is presented. The analytical characteristics of developed device and of compared purge-and-trap (PTI) device for BTEX compounds are similar; the limits of detection as well as quantification are lower than 1 microg l(-1).

Electrosurface properties of poly(ethylene terephtalate) track membranes.

The electrosurface properties of track membranes made from poly(ethylene terephtalate) were determined by streaming potential (SP) and electron spin resonance (ESR) methods. The membrane pore diameters were in range from 20 to 200 nm. The pore electrical charge surface density values calculated with data obtained with methods mentioned differed dramatically.

Needle-type concentrator and its application to the determination of pollutants.

A new method for impurity concentration in gas and liquid media using a needle type microconcentrator was developed. The main advantage of this method using microconcentrators is its efficiency and simplicity. Our work was stimulated by Pawliszyn's solid-phase microconcentration method.

Carrier gas as a new factor influencing the selectivity of the gas-stationary liquid phase chromatographic system.

This paper generalizes studies on the influence of carrier gas on relative and absolute retention values. This line of research is also of importance due to the fact that, in the opinion of many chromatographers, the role of the carrier gas is limited only to transporting analyzed compounds along the column. However, even under conditions of the conventional capillary gas-liquid chromatography (i.

Changes in the basic experimental parameters of capillary gas chromatography in the 20th century.

Studies of qualitative changes in capillary gas chromatography are of significant practical and scientific interest. This paper analyzes the evolution of the most important experimental chromatographic parameters over the last three decades and is based on the use of a new approach to scientometrical research that is referred to as applied scientometry. One essential feature of this approach is that it looks at the entire contents of each paper rather than only taking account its title, abstract.

Poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propine] as chromatographic adsorbent and prospects of its application in packed and capillary columns.

The application of film-forming organic polymers, which are in common use in membrane technology, as chromatographic adsorbents for packed and capillary columns has been suggested. The chromatographic characteristics of poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propine] (PTMSP) as an adsorbent were studied. The film-forming properties of PTMSP simplify manufacturing of capillary and packed gas-solid columns.

Effect of efficiency improvement by injecting a sample at a lower carrier gas velocity in isothermal gas-liquid chromatography.

The effect of efficiency improvement of chromatographic system by injecting a sample at a lower carrier gas velocity (in comparison with the carrier gas velocity at subsequent separation) was studied experimentally and theoretically in isothermal gas-liquid chromatography. The suggested technique is based on sample introduction in the programmed carrier gas velocity operation mode: the injection is realized at low carrier gas velocity, then the velocity is increased rapidly up to the operation value. The technique can be applied in chromatographic practice.

Ammonia as carrier gas in capillary gas-liquid chromatography.

Influence of helium and ammonia as carrier gases on retention of neutral solutes on polyethylene glycol has been studied theoretically and experimentally. It was shown that the influence of ammonia on the retention varied significantly depending on the solute's nature. For example, the influence is great for C22 n-alkane and it is small for phenol.

Ammonia as a carrier gas for acidic-basic chromatography.

The influence of ammonia as a basic carrier gas on the retention of acidic and basic solutes was experimentally studied. Use of the basic carrier gas (ammonia) leads to an increase in retention of acidic solutes. A simplified theory on the influence of carrier gas basicity influence on the retention of acidic and basic solutes was developed.

Use of equations for the description of experimental dependence of the height equivalent to a theoretical plate on carrier gas velocity in capillary gas-liquid chromatography.

Optimal equation for fitting the experimental data on the height equivalent to a theoretical plate (HETP) versus carrier gas velocity in GLC was determined. The data obtained by authors and the literary data by other investigators were used for the comparative study of Van Deemter, Golay and the little known Golay-Guiochon equations. The Golay-Guiochon equation takes into account instrumental contribution and other sources of additional band broadening.

Thin-layer chromatography with mobile phases of low volatility.

The analytical possibilities and specific features of a variation of thin-layer chromatography with mobile phases of low volatility (which may be organic liquids or melts of organic solids) are discussed.