Early Propranolol Is Associated With Lower Risk of Venous Thromboembolism After Traumatic Brain Injury.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in an elaborate systemic cascade of secondary injury elicited in part by an intrinsic catecholamine response, which ultimately leads to changes in inflammation and coagulopathy. Attenuation of this catecholamine response with agents such as propranolol confers a survival advantage. The related impact of propranolol on venous thromboembolism (VTE) after TBI is largely unknown.

Characterizing the delays in adequate thromboprophylaxis after TBI.

Background: We sought to compare enoxaparin dosing for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in trauma patients with and without traumatic brain injury (TBI) to better understand the time and dose required to reach target anti-Xa levels. Our hypothesis was that patients with TBI have significant delays in the initiation of adequate pharmacological prophylaxis and require a higher enoxaparin dose than currently recommended.

Methods: The medical records of trauma patients who received enoxaparin dosing based on anti-Xa trough levels between August 2014 and October 2016 were reviewed.

Comparison of 30-Day Outcomes in Patients with Cervical Spine Metastasis Undergoing Corpectomy Versus Posterior Cervical Laminectomy and Fusion: A 2006-2016 ACS-NSQIP Database Study.

Background: Patients with metastatic disease to the cervical spine have historically had poor outcomes, with an average survival of 15 months. Every effort should be made to avoid complications of surgical intervention for stabilization and decompression.

Methods: We identified patients who had undergone anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) or posterior cervical laminectomy and fusion (PCLF) for metastatic disease of the cervical spine using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 2006 to 2016.

Risk Factors for 30-Day Non-Neurological Morbidity and Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Vestibular Schwannoma.

 We analyzed perioperative risk factors for morbidity and mortality for the patients undergoing surgical intervention for vestibular schwannoma along with rates of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks that required surgery.  Patients undergoing surgery vestibular schwannoma were identified in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 2012 to 2016 using current procedural terminology (CPT) codes for posterior fossa surgical approaches and International Classification of Diseases 9th revision (ICD 9) and ICD 10 codes for peripheral nerve sheath tumor. Preoperative laboratories, comorbidities, and operative times were analyzed along with CSF leaks and unplanned returns to the operating room.

A propensity-matched analysis of contemporary outcomes of blunt popliteal artery injury.

Objective: Traumatic popliteal artery injury is associated with an increased propensity for limb loss, morbidity, and mortality above an already elevated baseline risk to life and limb. Previous studies of outcomes in this patient group have been limited by selection bias. This study analyzed outcomes after blunt popliteal artery injury using propensity matching to reduce confounding variables associated with multiple mechanisms of traumatic vascular injury and to identify factors associated with amputation.

[A role of interactions between N-methyl-D-aspartate and dopamine receptors in facial emotion recognition impairment in schizophrenia].

Aim: To search for genetic mechanisms of facial emotion recognition (FER) impairment, one of the features of schizophrenia that affects social adaptation of patients. Based on the view implicating the interplay between dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems into the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, authors explored the interaction effects of the C366G polymorphism in the GRIN2B gene encoding NMDA receptor subunit NR2B with ANKK1/DRD2 Taq1A and 48-VNTR DRD4 polymorphisms on FER.

Material And Methods: GRIN2B -DRD2 interaction effects were studied in a sample of 237 patients and 235 healthy controls, GRIN2B - DRD4 in 268 patients and 208 controls.

[Clinical picture and treatment of tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients].

In the Orenburg Region, HIV-infected individuals fall ill with tuberculosis tens time more frequently than uninfected ones. Thirty five HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis and 32 patients without immunodeficiency (a control group) were examined and treated. Of the clinical forms of tuberculosis, infiltrative tuberculosis was predominant, tissue destruction being seen in half the cases.