[Blebbing of plasma membrane of lymphocytes in infectious complications of urolithiasis].

Introduction: About 200 thousand operations for urolithiasis are performed annually in Russia, but the frequency of postoperative complications reaches 30%. Infectious complications occur with a frequency of up to 40% in the form of various forms of pyelonephritis, urosepsis is recorded in 3% of patients. The aim of the study determine the intensity of blebbing of the plasma membrane of lymphocytes in infectious complications of urolithiasis.

Fast raster-scan optoacoustic mesoscopy enables assessment of human melanoma microvasculature in vivo.

Melanoma is associated with angiogenesis and vascular changes that may extend through the entire skin depth. Three-dimensional imaging of vascular characteristics in skin lesions could therefore allow diagnostic insights not available by conventional visual inspection. Raster-scan optoacoustic mesoscopy (RSOM) images microvasculature through the entire skin depth with resolutions of tens of micrometers; however, current RSOM implementations are too slow to overcome the strong breathing motions on the upper torso where melanoma lesions commonly occur.

Enabling precision monitoring of psoriasis treatment by optoacoustic mesoscopy.

Psoriasis is a widespread inflammatory skin disease affecting about 2% of the general population. Recently, treatments that specifically target key proinflammatory cytokines driving the disease have been developed to complement conventional therapies with unspecific antiproliferative or anti-inflammatory effects. Efficient monitoring of treatment efficacy in the context of precision medicine and the assessment of new therapeutics require accurate noninvasive readouts of disease progression.

[Hemorrhagic complications risk forecast of operative treatment of urolithiasis].

Introduction: In the structure of hospital urological pathology, urolithiasis is about 40%, while 2/3 of patients are hospitalized for emergency reasons. Surgical treatment, even in a modern minimally invasive format, can cause postoperative complications in 10-30% of cases, of which up to 5% are hemorrhagic complications requiring blood transfusion in 0.7-1.

Optoacoustic mesoscopy shows potential to increase accuracy of allergy patch testing.

Background: Differentiation between irritant and allergic skin reactions in epicutaneous patch testing is based largely on subjective clinical criteria, with the risk of high intraobserver and interobserver variability. Novel dermatological imaging using optoacoustic mesoscopy allows quantitative three-dimensional assessment of microvascular biomarkers.

Objectives: We investigated the potential of optoacoustic imaging to improve the precision of patch test evaluation.

High-resolution optoacoustic imaging of tissue responses to vascular-targeted therapies.

The monitoring of vascular-targeted therapies using magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography or ultrasound is limited by their insufficient spatial resolution. Here, by taking advantage of the intrinsic optical properties of haemoglobin, we show that raster-scanning optoacoustic mesoscopy (RSOM) provides high-resolution images of the tumour vasculature and of the surrounding tissue, and that the detection of a wide range of ultrasound bandwidths enables the distinction of vessels of differing size, providing detailed insights into the vascular responses to vascular-targeted therapy. Using RSOM to examine the responses to vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy in mice with subcutaneous xenografts, we observed a substantial and immediate occlusion of the tumour vessels followed by haemorrhage within the tissue and the eventual collapse of the entire vasculature.

Optical features of human skin revealed by optoacoustic mesoscopy in the visible and short-wave infrared regions.

Detailed assessment of skin conditions or the efficacy of skin treatments could greatly benefit from noninvasively assessing the distribution of cutaneous and subcutaneous structures and biomolecules. We considered ultrawideband raster scan optoacoustic mesoscopy with an extended wavelength range from visible to short-wave infrared and observed previously unseen high-resolution images of lipids colocalized with water, melanin, and hemoglobin distribution in human skin. Based on this contrast, the technique resolves subcutaneous fat, the pilosebaceous unit with complete hair strand and bulb, dermal microvasculature, and epidermal structures.

In Vitro Characterization of Hypoxia Preconditioned Serum (HPS)-Fibrin Hydrogels: Basis for an Injectable Biomimetic Tissue Regeneration Therapy.

Blood-derived growth factor preparations have long been employed to improve perfusion and aid tissue repair. Among these, platelet-rich plasma (PRP)-based therapies have seen the widest application, albeit with mixed clinical results to date. Hypoxia-preconditioned blood products present an alternative to PRP, by comprising the complete wound healing factor-cascade, i.

Motion Quantification and Automated Correction in Clinical RSOM.

Raster-scan optoacoustic mesoscopy (RSOM) offers high-resolution non-invasive insights into skin pathophysiology, which holds promise for disease diagnosis and monitoring in dermatology and other fields. However, RSOM is quite vulnerable to vertical motion of the skin, which can depend on the part of the body being imaged. Motion correction algorithms have already been proposed, but they are not fully automated, they depend on anatomical segmentation pre-processing steps that might not be performed successfully, and they are not site- specific.

Non-invasive imaging in dermatology and the unique potential of raster-scan optoacoustic mesoscopy.

In recent years, several non-invasive imaging methods have been introduced to facilitate diagnostics and therapy monitoring in dermatology. The microscopic imaging methods are restricted in their penetration depth, while the mesoscopic methods probe deeper but provide only morphological, not functional, information. 'Raster-scan optoacoustic mesoscopy' (RSOM), an emerging new imaging technique, combines deep penetration with contrast based on light absorption, which provides morphological, molecular and functional information.

Assessing nailfold microvascular structure with ultra-wideband raster-scan optoacoustic mesoscopy.

Nailfold capillaroscopy, based on bright-field microscopy, is widely used to diagnose systemic sclerosis (SSc). However it cannot reveal information about venules and arterioles lying deep under the nailfold, nor can it provide detailed data about surface microvasculature when the skin around the nail is thick. These limitations reflect the fact that capillaroscopy is based on microscopy methods whose penetration depth is restricted to about 200 μm.

Assessing hyperthermia-induced vasodilation in human skin in vivo using optoacoustic mesoscopy.

The aim of this study was to explore the unique imaging abilities of optoacoustic mesoscopy to visualize skin structures and microvasculature with the view of establishing a robust approach for monitoring heat-induced hyperemia in human skin in vivo. Using raster-scan optoacoustic mesoscopy (RSOM), we investigated whether optoacoustic (photoacoustic) mesoscopy can identify changes in skin response to local heating at microvasculature resolution in a cross-sectional fashion through skin in the human forearm. We visualized the heat-induced hyperemia for the first time with single-vessel resolution throughout the whole skin depth.

[The separation, identification and molecular biologic analysis of isolates of pandemic influenza virus A(H1N1)pdm09].

The article presents data concerning analysis of bioassays under suspicion of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. The technique of back transcription polymerase chain reaction and sequencing was applied. The separation of native influenza virus A was implemented using passaging through developing chick embryos.

[HLA-E molecule induction on the surface of tumor cells protects them from cytotoxic lymphocytes].

Modern immunotherapy has developed powerful tools for mounting antitumor response which nevertheless have had only limited success in clinic. Tumor cells use different mechanisms to escape from immune system. Thus, one of the reasons of unsuccessful immunotherapy might be induction of tolerance of tumor-specific cytotoxic lymphocytes by tumor cells.

[High-dose gamma-irradiation enhance expression of transgene under control of immediate-early CMV promoter in stably transfected tumor cells].

Gamma-irradiation is a usual method to inactivate whole-cellular anticancer vaccines consisting viable tumor cells. To evaluate the effect of gamma-irradiation to transgene expression in tumor cells we constructed several stably transfected clones of human and mouse cell lines expressing transgenic GM-CSF or GFP under control of IE-CMV promoter. Irradiation of those cells with different doses (ranged from 20 to 100 Gr) of gamma-radiation caused loss of proliferation capacity with survival of the cells population clearly depended on irradiation dose.

[Isolation and identification of the infective agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) from a patient with atypical pneumonia].

The virological, morphological, molecular biological and immunochemical study of the infective agent isolated from the patient with the symptoms of atypical pneumonia, hospitalized in the infectious department of the clinical hospital in Blagoveshchensk, was carried out. Thus the fact of the appearance of SARS virus on the territory of Russia was proved. The isolated infective agent, identified as coronavirus strain CoD, was partly characterized and deposited to the virus collection of the Center of Special Laboratory Diagnostics and Treatment of Quarantine and Exotic Infectious Diseases.

[Isolation and identification of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in the Stavropol territory].

The results of the isolation and identification of the causative agent of a haemorrhagic fever outbreak in the Stavropol Territory are presented. The virus isolated from blood of haemorrhagic fever patients by virological methods was identified in serological and molecular tests as Crimean haemorrhagic fever virus. This epidemiological analysis testify to increased activity of the natural focus of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in this area due to a number of natural and other factors leading to intensification of its epidemic realization.

[Isolation and identification of the smallpox virus which caused iatrogenic vaccinia in children in the city of Vladivostok].

The comparative study of the specimens of the morphological elements of exanthema obtained from 8 children with the clinical diagnosis of secondary exogenic vaccinia, dried smallpox vaccine and the cultures of other orthopoxviruses (rabbit pox, monkey pox and buffalo pox viruses) was made. The isolation and identification of the causative agents from the specimens was carried out with the use of modern virological, electron microscopic and molecular methods. The study proved the fact that 8 children had orthopoxvirus infection with its causative agent identified as vaccinia virus.

Rehabilitation of patients after lower limb replantations by the bone distraction method.

The length of the lower extremities was equalized by the bone distraction method in four patients after replantation of lower legs. A Volkov-Oganesian or Ilizarov distraction apparatus was applied on the replanted lower leg after corticotomy of the tibia and osteotomy of the fibula, and distraction was carried out over 6 to 11 months in small, measured doses. The lower extremities were lengthened from 4 to 8 cm.

[Ischemic necrosis of the gluteal area with sciatic nerve damage in newborn infants].

The pathogenesis of dry gluteal necrosis with the involvement of the sciatic nerve as a severe complication of neonatal resuscitation employing umbilical drug administration has been elucidated by angiographic studies. This complication was found to result from a spasm and subsequent thrombosis of the internal iliac artery induced by intraumbilical drug administration. Guidelines for the prevention of this severe complication are offered.

[Orthopedic rehabilitation of children after combined treatment of malignant bone tumors].

The report is based on the data concerning 27 children who were given radiotherapy and chemotherapy for osteogenic sarcomas (14), Ewing's sarcomas and reticulosarcoma (10) and malignant giant cell tumours (2). The reconstructive conservative treatment (7 patients) were referred for prevention of contractures and fractures. The orthopaedic surgical correction of the appearing false joints, deformations and defects of the bones (20 patients) was performed 4 to 5 years after the termination of the primary treatment.