[Primary structural moduli of the dorsal thalamic nuclei and motor cortex in man].

The aim of this work was to study the primary structural modular organization of neurons in dorsal thalamic nuclei (ventral anterior, ventral lateral, anterior medial, anterior ventral, anterior dorsal, medial, nucleus reticularis) and motor cortex (areas 4 and 6) in man using the methods of Nissl, Kluver-Barrera and Golgi silver nitrate impregnation. It was shown that in both dorsal thalamic nuclei and motor cortex neurons had regular organization--they were forming small groups or short chains and meet specific criteria. These neuronal associations, formed single structural units, that were called primary structural moduli.

[Common system of sparsely branched projection (reticular) NADPH-diaphorase neurons in the human forebrain formations built from densely branched cells].

Cell morphometry with statistical analysis (using 9 parameters) of densely branched projection and sparsely branched reticular neurons was performed in the human forebrain formations built from densely branched projection neurons (the entorhinal cortex, striatum, nucleus accumbens basolateral amygdala, and dorsal thalamus). The reticular neurons included scattered reticular neurons and marginal reticular neurons of the dorsal thalamus. Golgi method and staining for NADPH-diaphorase were used.

[Neuronal organization of thalamic nucleus reticularis in adult man].

The neuronal content of human thalamic nucleus reticularis was studied in serial sections cut in sagittal and frontal projections and impregnated with silver nitrate using Golgi method. The neuronal content of human thalamic nucleus reticularis was found to be more diverse than previously reported in animals and man. Besides two types of sparsely-branched long-dendritic spineless R1 and R2 neurons, this nucleus contained spiny cells.

[NADPH-diaphorase positive cells of the human thalamic nuclei and internal capsule].

Isolated NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d)-positive neurons were demonstrated in the nuclei of human dorsal thalamus and nucleus reticularis. Staining of NADPH-d-positive neurons with all their processes and preceding study of neurons of dorsal thalamus using Golgi method enabled the identification of their types and their determination as sparsely-branched cells. Main types of efferent densely-branched neurons had no demonstrable NADPH-d activity.

[Neuronal organization of human ventral anterior and ventral lateral thalamic nuclei].

Neuronal composition was studied in two human thalamic nuclei--nucleus ventralis anterior and nucleus ventralis lateralis using serial horizontal and frontal sections stained using Kluver-Barrera and Golgi silver impregnation methods. It was found that the number of neuronal types, composing the nuclei (equal to eight) is greater than previously reported. Proposed neuronal classification based on the characteristics of their processes, in comparison with a similar study performed in dogs (pups) permitted to distinguish two types of neurons--long-axon and short-axon.

[The cellular structure of the islands of Calleja Magna in the brain of carnivores].

Complex study of the structure of islands of Calleja in carnivore brain (cat and dog) was conducted. Using Nissl and Golgi methods, HRP axonal transport and electron microscopy the islands were found to be composed of cells of 3 types varying in size, shape, dendrite spatial distribution and ultrastructure. The majority of cell population in the islands is formed by small granular cells with scarce medium-sized, mitral-like and larger cells among them.

[Various principles of the organization of preterminal and terminal branches of afferent conductors in neuropil of the snail dorsal ganglia].

Character of ramifications in the preterminal and terminal axonal parts in the neuropil of the dorsal ganglia have been studied in 16 edible snails (Halix pomatia). The nervous tissue is impregnated with silver nitrate after Golgifast method. Serial sections are made in two projections: horizontal and vertical.

[The monosynaptic connection between identified neurons in the snail].

Monosynaptic connection between two identified neurones was investigated using electrophysiological and morphological methods in preparation of isolated nervous system of the snail Achatina fulica. Intracellular pressure injection of cobalt chloride was used for staining of neuronal branches. Electrophysiologically revealed synaptic connection between two giant neurones was identified to be monosynaptic by morphological methods.

[Avesicular intercellular contacts in the neuropil of the ganglia of the subpharyngeal complex and in the nerves of the edible snail].

Intercellular interconnections in neuropil of dorsal ganglia in the subpharyngeal complex and nerves have been studied in a mature snail (Helix pomatia), dimensions of the shell--3.0 X 3.5 sm, after double fixation (glutaraldehyde and osmium tetraoxide) and treatment with phosphoric tungsten acid.

[Structural organization of an identified giant neuron of Helix lucorum].

Method of intracellular staining with cobalt was used for detailed study of processes branching of the giant cell in the left parietal ganglion of the snail Helix lucorum L. Dendritic and axonal branches are described and quantitatively characterized. Terminals of axonal collaterals of this neurone innervating presumed neurosecretory bodies are described in the tissue surrounding the ganglion.