[50 years among the pioneers of a new medical specialty; the development of modern traumatology].

On the basis of his half a century medical experiences the author analyses how the traumatology became an independent branch of medicine.--L. Markusovszky's scientific achievements in the domain of the field surgery, organization, education and professional policy considerably influenced the development of the traumatology.

[Interpretation of the teachings of Endre Högyes in the light of today's health policy].

In the E. Högyes memorial lecture the author has given a comparative analysis between the concepts of Högyes at the end of the last century concerning gradual and postgradual medical education, public life, and health policy and the actual problems in Hungary. It has been mentioned also some report of leading foreign experts in topics mentioned above.

[Management of pathological fractures in bone metastases. Principles, methods, results].

The data of 96 patients treated for impending or existed fractures between 1980-1990 are discussed in this paper. The authors describe a practical method of treatment based on a simple staging. The analysis of the survival times support the applicability of this recommended method.

A new concept in the molecular process of muscle contraction: functional role of phosphorylated amino acids in myosin.

In this report a summary is given of our experiments concerning the in vivo endogenous phosphate (P) content of myosin. It was found that besides the ester type phosphates of myosin there was a considerable amount of N-P type energy-rich phosphoryl groups bond to the basic amino acids of peptide chains. The endogenous P concentration of myosin depends on the source of the preparation.

Autophosphorylation of untrained and well-trained skeletal muscle myosin.

Earlier the autophosphorylation of myosin and the labile phosphate (P) content of rabbit skeletal muscle was reported [6, 7, 9]. The present paper describes that the endogeneous preformed P level in fresh preparation of exercised muscle is higher than that of untrained control one. It was revealed that the presence of a significant amount of mitochondrial myosin (with much higher P content) in the well-trained human muscle preparations falsified the appreciation of myofibrillar myosin.

[Claw plates--new implants for para-articular osteosynthesis].

The claw plate types used by us are manufactured according to the same principle. These plates are mostly applied in the treatment of multiple fragment fractures and in the fixation of osteotomies. A strong fixation of the plate, also to little fragments close to the joint, is achieved by the claws and one screw.

[The role of the fibula in the stability of the lower leg].

The authors wanted to study on 24 prepared lower leg sceleton the biomechanical role of the fibula in a "total load" position. The supporting capacity of the fibula makes nearly 1/3 of the total, therefore the surgical reconstruction of the fibula can be useful in the treatment of fractures of the lower leg.

[Interlocking medullary nailing in closed fractures of the tibia (author's transl)].

The indications for operative treatment of fractures of the tibia are relative. The use of medullary nailing can be enlarged by the interlocking method. A convenient device for insertion of the screw-bolts simplifies the action.

[Bolted medullary nailing (author's transl)].

Authors described the development of bolted medullary nailing and presents indications and technique. Points out the advantages of the procedure, but the difficulties in aiming, a basic part of the technique is also mentioned. With selfconstructed guide and other modifications the applicability of bolted medullary nailing was promoted.

[The use of a new hook plate for the operate treatment of ankle fractures (author's transl)].

Authors describe their methods of treatment and results in 137 inpatients with ankle fractures treated during a period of one and half year. Analysing this material the indications and methods of surgical treatment for ankle fractures are dealt with. In order to facilitate the surgical treatment of the most common type of ankle fractures (i.

[Infectious complications of 227 open fractures of the leg].

Out of 557 open fractures of the leg we have analysed 472 cases in respect of recovery. We tried to discrive the relationship between the infection and the severity of the lesion and the methods of treatment resp. We have analysed also the further course of the infect.

[Classification of 557 open fractures of the leg and results of the treatment].

The results of the treatment of 557 open fractures of the leg are discussed from the standpoint of healing of the fractures. According to the severity of the fracture the patients have been ranked into 3 groups. Although in 95,1% of the patients recovery was obtained, in 50% of severe injuries healing occurred only over 20 weeks.