Hepatic Steatosis Can Be Partly Generated by the Gut Microbiota-Mitochondria Axis via 2-Oleoyl Glycerol and Reversed by a Combination of Soy Protein, Chia Oil, Curcumin and Nopal.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a serious health problem, and recent evidence indicates that gut microbiota plays a key role in its development. It is known that 2-oleoyl glycerol (2-OG) produced by the gut microbiota is associated with hepatic fibrosis, but it is not known whether this metabolite is involved in the development of hepatic steatosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate how a high-fat-sucrose diet (HFS) increases 2-OG production through gut microbiota dysbiosis and to identify whether this metabolite modifies hepatic lipogenesis and mitochondrial activity for the development of hepatic steatosis as well as whether a combination of functional foods can reverse this process.

Assessing nutrition status, sarcopenia, and frailty in adult transplant recipients.

The assessment of nutrition status, sarcopenia, and frailty holds significant relevance in the context of adult transplantation, as these factors are associated with an unfavorable prognosis; thus, transplant candidates must undergo a full nutrition assessment. Screening tools may be used to prioritize patients, this can be done using the Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 or Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool. Subsequently, a thorough nutrition-focused physical examination should be conducted to evaluate clinical signs of nutrition deficiencies, fat and muscle loss, and fluid overload; dietary history and current intake must also be assessed.

Effect of a monitored exercise protocol in cerebral and hepatic hemodynamics in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension.

Background: Physical exercise (PE) has been proven to be beneficial in patients with cirrhosis; effects in cognitive function and cerebral hemodynamics, are yet to be explored.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of a PE program (LFN-exercise protocol) in hepatic/cerebral hemodynamics.

Methods: Randomized open clinical trial in patients with cirrhosis; Control: Diet(n = 13),Intervention: Diet + exercise(n = 14) for 12 weeks.

Prognostic performance of an index based on lactic dehydrogenase and transaminases for patients with liver steatosis and COVID-19.

Background: Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is associated with complications and mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there are no prognostic scores aimed to evaluate the risk of severe disease specifically in patients with MAFLD, despite its high prevalence. Lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase have been used as markers of liver damage.

Nutritional therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent primary liver cancer and presents together with cirrhosis in most cases. In addition to commonly recognized risk factors for HCC development, such as hepatitis B virus/hepatitis C virus infection, age and alcohol/tobacco consumption, there are nutritional risk factors also related to HCC development including high intake of saturated fats derived from red meat, type of cooking (generation of heterocyclic amines) and contamination of foods with aflatoxins. On the contrary, protective nutritional factors include diets rich in fiber, fruits and vegetables, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coffee.

Clinical perspectives, assessment, and mechanisms of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease in patients with COVID-19.

Metabolic diseases are highly prevalent worldwide and have been associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including mortality, in patients developing coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Because of the close relationship between metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity and the presence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), a high number of cases of patients affected by both MAFLD and COVID-19 would be expected, especially in high-risk populations. Some studies have shown an increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes, viral shedding, and deep vein thrombosis, especially in patients with MAFLD- related liver fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease is a risk factor for adverse outcomes in COVID-19.

Background: Metabolic diseases are risk factors for severe Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which have a close relationship with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).

Aims: To evaluate the presence of MAFLD and fibrosis in patients with COVID-19 and its association with prognosis.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study.

Effect of non-alcoholic beer, diet and exercise on endothelial function, nutrition and quality of life in patients with cirrhosis.

Background: The implementation of nutritional strategies targeting several variables at once could benefit patients with cirrhosis. Non-alcoholic beer has different compounds that exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and nutritional properties.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of diet + exercise and non-alcoholic beer on nutritional status, endothelial function and quality of life in patients with cirrhosis.

Phase Angle From Bioelectrical Impedance for the Assessment of Sarcopenia in Cirrhosis With or Without Ascites.

Background And Aims: Skeletal muscle index (SMI) from computed tomography (CT) reliably assesses sarcopenia, however, it is expensive and involves serial radiation exposure. Phase angle (PhA) from bioimpedance analysis (BIA) is a noninvasive, low cost, bedside nutritional tool used to monitor changes to nutritional interventions. We aimed to compare the performance of PhA with SMI to assess sarcopenia in cirrhosis.