Evaluation of Sepigel-Based Meglumine Antimoniate and Amphotericin B for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Treatment.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) poses a significant public health concern in endemic regions due to its increasing prevalence and substantial impact on affected individuals. This disease is primarily caused by the protozoa, which are transmitted through insect bites, and it manifests as a range of symptoms, from self-healing lesions to severe disfigurement. Current treatments, which often involve the parenteral administration of antimonials, face challenges such as poor compliance and adverse effects.

Progression of Myocardial 18F-FDG Uptake in a Patient with Cardiotoxicity.

The objective of this case report was to present the progression of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity in a patient with lymphoma, highlighting the importance of myocardial fluor-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake by positron emission tomography coupled with computed tomography (PET/CT). 43-year-old female patient with uterine lymphoma, who underwent hysterectomy followed by three chemotherapy regimens and radiotherapy. The patient had episodes of acute heart failure two years after chemotherapy.

Effect of Local Administration of Meglumine Antimoniate and Polyhexamethylene Biguanide Alone or in Combination with a Toll-like Receptor 4 Agonist for the Treatment of Papular Dermatitis due to in Dogs.

Papular dermatitis is a cutaneous manifestation of canine infection associated with mild disease. Although it is a typical presentation, nowadays, there is still no established treatment. This study evaluated the safety and clinical efficacy of local meglumine antimoniate, locally administered polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) alone or PHMB in combination with a Toll-like receptor 4 agonist (TLR4a) for the treatment of papular dermatitis due to and assessed parasitological and immunological markers in this disease.

Anthracycline cardiotoxicity: current methods of diagnosis and possible role of F-FDG PET/CT as a new biomarker.

Despite advances in chemotherapy, the drugs used in cancer treatment remain rather harmful to the cardiovascular system, causing structural and functional cardiotoxic changes. Positron-emission tomography associated with computed tomography (PET/CT) has emerged like a promising technique in the early diagnosis of these adverse drug effects as the myocardial tissue uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose labeled with fluorine-18 (F-FDG), a glucose analog, is increased after their use. Among these drugs, anthracyclines are the most frequently associated with cardiotoxicity because they promote heart damage through DNA breaks, and induction of an oxidative, proinflammatory, and toxic environment.

Premedication before laryngoscopy in neonates: Evidence-based statement from the French society of neonatology (SFN).

Context: Laryngoscopy is frequently required in neonatal intensive care. Awake laryngoscopy has deleterious effects but practice remains heterogeneous regarding premedication use. The goal of this statement was to provide evidence-based good practice guidance for clinicians regarding premedication before tracheal intubation, less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) and laryngeal mask insertion in neonates.

asymptomatic infection in inflammatory bowel disease patients under anti-TNF therapy.

Background: In recent years anti-TNF therapy has been associated with leishmaniasis in immunocompromised patients from endemic areas. Nevertheless, data on asymptomatic infection in such patients is scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic infection in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients treated with TNF inhibitors living in an endemic area (Catalonia) and to follow up them to study how the infection evolved.

Topical Amphotericin B Semisolid Dosage Form for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Physicochemical Characterization, Ex Vivo Skin Permeation and Biological Activity.

Amphotericin B (AmB) is a potent antifungal successfully used intravenously to treat visceral leishmaniasis but depending on the infecting species, it is not always recommended against cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). To address the need for alternative topical treatments of CL, the aim of this study was to elaborate and characterize an AmB gel. The physicochemical properties, stability, rheology and in vivo tolerance were assayed.

Wild mammals as potential silent reservoirs of Leishmania infantum in a Mediterranean area.

A molecular survey of wild mammals was performed to assess their potential as reservoirs of L. infantum. A total of 156 specimens of wild mammalian fauna were obtained for analysis from areas in Catalonia with a reported incidence of canine leishmaniasis.

Development and Characterization of a Semi-Solid Dosage Form of Meglumine Antimoniate for Topical Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is treated with painful intralesional injections of meglumine antimoniate (MA). With the aim of developing an alternative topical treatment for CL, a gel-based formulation with 30% MA was prepared and its physicochemical properties, stability and rheological behavior were studied. The following were assessed: drug release on propylene hydrophilic membranes ex vivo human skin permeation, tolerance in healthy volunteers, cytotoxicity in three cell lines and anti-leishmanial activity against promastigotes and amastigotes.

Polyamidoamine Nanoparticles for the Oral Administration of Antimalarial Drugs.

Current strategies for the mass administration of antimalarial drugs demand oral formulations to target the asexual stages in the peripheral bloodstream, whereas recommendations for future interventions stress the importance of also targeting the transmission stages of the parasite as it passes between humans and mosquitoes. Orally administered polyamidoamine (PAA) nanoparticles conjugated to chloroquine reached the blood circulation and cured -infected mice, slightly improving the activity of the free drug and inducing in the animals immunity against malaria. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis of affinity chromatography-purified PAA ligands suggested a high adhesiveness of PAAs to proteins, which might be the mechanism responsible for the preferential binding of PAAs to -infected erythrocytes vs.

TGA-FTIR study of the pyrolysis of sodium citrate and its effect on the pyrolysis of tobacco and tobacco/SBA-15 mixtures under N and air atmospheres.

In this work, the effect of sodium citrate mixed with tobacco, in the presence and absence of SBA-15 material, was studied by thermogravimetric analysis coupled to Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry under N and air atmospheres. Depending on the atmosphere used, the decomposition of sodium citrate changes considerably at high temperatures, mainly due to the oxidation of the residue. The analysis of the experimental and calculated derivative thermogravimetric data of the sodium citrate/SBA-15 mixtures allows the observation of marked widening of the peaks appearing at lower temperatures, due to the presence of SBA-15, while the expected peak at high temperatures in air completely disappears.

Case Report: Diffuse Cutaneous Leishmaniasis by in a Patient Undergoing Immunosuppressive Therapy: Risk Status in an Endemic Mediterranean Area.

This case report highlights the risk of severe cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) by in patients undergoing immunosuppressant therapy who either live in an endemic area or are visiting in the transmission season. The case patient, resident in Majorca (Balearic Islands), presented 12 disseminated erythematous skin lesions, 1-6 cm in diameter, located on the scalp, cheek, umbilical region, and lower extremities 8 years after undergoing anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy. Parasite presence in peripheral blood and high levels of specific antibodies were also observed, indicating a possible risk of CL shifting toward a visceral infection.

Strategies for reducing the risk of transfusion-transmitted leishmaniasis in an area endemic for Leishmania infantum: a patient- and donor-targeted approach.

Background: In the Balearic Islands, as in other areas of the Mediterranean basin, there is a significant proportion of asymptomatic Leishmania (L.) infantum-infected blood donors, who may represent an important threat to transfusion safety. The Balearic Islands blood bank, located in an area endemic for L.

What are the prospects for non-scheduled robotic procedures in pediatric surgery?

Robotic technology allows for the management of complex surgical cases with a minimally invasive approach. The aim of this study was to communicate our experience using robotic technology for non-scheduled pediatric procedures (NSP). We performed a prospective study over the last 5 years including all consecutive cases where surgery was performed with a robot.

Multicomponent reaction-based synthesis and biological evaluation of tricyclic heterofused quinolines with multi-trypanosomatid activity.

Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), Chagas disease and leishmaniasis, which are caused by the trypanosomatids Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania species, are among the most deadly neglected tropical diseases. The development of drugs that are active against several trypanosomatids is appealing from a clinical and economic viewpoint, and seems feasible, as these parasites share metabolic pathways and hence might be treatable by common drugs. From benzonapthyridine 1, an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) for which we have found a remarkable trypanocidal activity, we have designed and synthesized novel benzo[h][1,6]naphthyridines, pyrrolo[3,2-c]quinolines, azepino[3,2-c]quinolines, and pyrano[3,2-c]quinolines through 2-4-step sequences featuring an initial multicomponent Povarov reaction as the key step.

Assessment of paediatric thoracic robotic surgery.

Objectives: Many studies have reported that robotic-assisted surgery is safe and feasible for paediatric cases. However, very few paediatric thoracic robotic cases have been described. The aim of this study was to share our preliminary experience with robot-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS).

Reduction of tobacco smoke components yield in commercial cigarette brands by addition of HUSY, NaY and Al-MCM-41 to the cigarette rod.

The effect of two zeolites, HUSY, NaY and a mesoporous synthesized Al-MCM-41 material on the smoke composition of ten commercial cigarettes brands has been studied. Cigarettes were prepared by mixing the tobacco with the three powdered materials, and the smoke obtained under the ISO conditions was analyzed. Up to 32 compounds were identified and quantified in the gas fraction and 80 in the total particulate matter (TPM) condensed in the cigarettes filters and in the traps located after the mouth end of the cigarettes.

Comparison between the mainstream smoke of eleven RYO tobacco brands and the reference tobacco 3R4F.

In this study 11 commercial roll-your-own (RYO) tobacco brands sold in Spain and the reference tobacco 3R4F have been smoked and several components of the mainstream tobacco smoke have been analyzed. Cigarettes were prepared using commercial tubes, and were smoked under smoking conditions based on the ISO 3308. The gaseous and condensed fractions of the smoke from RYO brands and 3R4F have been analyzed and compared.

Neurofibroma and epidermoid cyst: unexpected findings after first foreskin retraction.

We report here 2 unusual cases of tumor of the glans penis in children. Abnormal findings were found on a 12-year-old and a 13-year-old boy soon after their first foreskin retraction. Initial medical examination suggested inclusions of smegma and they were referred to our Department of Pediatric Urology.

Primary repair of sternal cleft with a double osteochondroplasty flap.

Sternal cleft is a rare congenital malformation affecting the anterior part of the chest wall. Surgical closure is recommended. It should be done early during the neonatal period because of the chest's flexibility.

Comparative study of the main characteristics and composition of the mainstream smoke of ten cigarette brands sold in Spain.

In this study 10 commercial top selling cigarette brands in Spain have been machine smoked and the mainstream smoke has been analyzed. Multifunctional analysis has been satisfactorily employed to correlate the effect of the main design features of the cigarettes including amount of tobacco, filter size or paper weight with the amount of smoked tobacco and with the ratio CO(2)/CO. The composition of the vapor phase and that of the particulate matter have been analyzed.