Studies on the conservation and sustainability challenges of the wetland resources of the Baro-Akobo River Basin in Gambella and Benishangul-Gumuz regions, Ethiopia.

In this study, the water quality of the Baro-Akobo River Basin in Ethiopia was comprehensively assessed. Key parameters including temperature (°C), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and ion concentrations such as K, Ca, Na, NO , NO , PO , CO , HCO , and NH were measured using standard methods, alongside sampling of phytoplankton, zooplankton, macroinvertebrates, macrophytes, and fish. Phytoplankton and zooplankton were sampled using Hydrobios nets with mesh sizes of 30 μm and 55 μm, respectively, while macroinvertebrates were collected via the kicking method.