Intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: salvage mechanism for oligohydramnios complicating fetal growth restriction.

Objective: Portosystemic shunts in growth-restricted fetuses are more common than previously thought. We aimed to describe fetuses with growth restriction and transient oligohydramnios in which a congenital intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (CIPSS) was noted during follow-up.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of all fetuses diagnosed with growth restriction and transient oligohydramnios during a 5-year period in a large tertiary referral center.

Climate change and occupational health and safety. Risk of injuries, productivity loss and the co-benefits perspective.

Background: Climate change is a fundamental threat to human health and outdoor workers are one of the most vulnerable population subgroups. Increasing heat stress and heatwaves are directly associated with the health and safety of workers for a large spectrum of occupations. Heat stress negatively affects labour supply, productivity, and workability.

Parallel convolutional neural network and empirical mode decomposition for high accuracy in motor imagery EEG signal classification.

In recent years, the utilization of motor imagery (MI) signals derived from electroencephalography (EEG) has shown promising applications in controlling various devices such as wheelchairs, assistive technologies, and driverless vehicles. However, decoding EEG signals poses significant challenges due to their complexity, dynamic nature, and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Traditional EEG pattern recognition algorithms typically involve two key steps: feature extraction and feature classification, both crucial for accurate operation.

Enhanced diabetic retinopathy detection using U-shaped network and capsule network-driven deep learning.

Glaucoma, a severe eye disease leading to irreversible vision loss if untreated, remains a significant challenge in healthcare due to the complexity of its detection. Traditional methods rely on clinical examinations of fundus images, assessing features like optic cup and disc sizes, rim thickness, and other ocular deformities. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence have introduced new opportunities for enhancing glaucoma detection.

Staple principles for the definition of front-of-pack nutritional labels.

Front-of-pack nutrition labels (FOPNLs) have been developed since 1989 to curb the increasing prevalence of obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and to promote healthy consumption choices. While several countries have introduced their own labeling schemes on a voluntary basis, the European Commission aims to harmonize a FOPNL system that will be mandatory for all member states. This paper summarizes a contribution to the current debate on FOPNLs from Italian and Spanish researchers working in the fields of human nutrition, nutritional epidemiology and public health education and communication policy before the final decision on FOPNLs to become mandatory in Europe is taken.

Marine-Derived Compound Targeting mTOR and FGFR-2: A Promising Strategy for Breast, Lung, and Colorectal Cancer Therapy.

Introduction: The marine habitat is a plentiful source of diverse, active compounds that are extensively utilised for their medicinal properties. Pharmaceutical trends have currently changed towards utilising a diverse range of goods derived from the marine environment.

Method: This study aimed to examine the inhibitory effects of bioactive chemicals derived from marine algae and bacteria.

Enhancing security and efficiency in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks using a hybrid deep learning model for flooding attack detection.

Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are increasingly replacing conventional communication systems due to their decentralized and dynamic nature. However, their wireless architecture makes them highly vulnerable to flooding attacks, which can disrupt communication, deplete energy resources, and degrade network performance. This study presents a novel hybrid deep learning approach integrating Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) architectures to effectively detect and mitigate flooding attacks in MANETs.

Adherence and forgiveness of two modern ART regimens: lamivudine/dolutegravir and emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide/rilpivirine.

Introduction: Few data are available about the forgiveness of two-drug (2DR) or low-barrier three-drug antiretroviral regimens. The aim of this study is to evaluate the real-life forgiveness of lamivudine/dolutegravir (3TC/DTG) and emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide/rilpivirine (FTC/TAF/RPV).

Methods: A two center retrospective observational study enrolled all people with HIV (PWH) treated with 3TC/DTG or FTC/TAF/RPV.

Predictors of Mortality for Upper Extremity Penetrating Vascular Injuries (UEPVI).

Objectives: Our objective was to determine risk factors and operative outcomes for patients with upper extremity penetrating vascular injuries(UEPVI).

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of all adult UEPVI patients presenting to a level I trauma center between 1986 and 2019. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the independent predictors of mortality and hospital length of stay(LOS) among patients who underwent operative repair.

Diagnostic Utility of Cord Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) in Congenital Hypothyroidism and Its Association With Perinatal Factors: A Study From a Tertiary Referral Centre in Hyderabad, India.

Introduction Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most common, easily treatable, causes of long-term neurodevelopmental complications in children. The prevalence of CH in India is much higher compared to other countries. Although developed countries have well-established neonatal screening programs, a uniform nationwide screening program at birth is still not established in India.

Enhancing Alzheimer's disease classification through split federated learning and GANs for imbalanced datasets.

In the rapidly evolving healthcare sector, using advanced technologies to improve medical classification systems has become crucial for enhancing patient care, diagnosis, and treatment planning. There are two main challenges faced in this domain (i) imbalanced distribution of medical data, leading to biased model performance and (ii) the need to preserve patient privacy and comply with data protection regulations. The primary goal of this project is to develop a medical classification model for Alzheimer's disease detection that can effectively learn from decentralized and imbalanced datasets without compromising on data privacy.

Enhanced lion swarm optimization and elliptic curve cryptography scheme for secure cluster head selection and malware detection in IoT-WSN.

Wireless Sensor Networks present a significant issue for data routing because of the potential use of obtaining data from far locations with greater energy efficiency. Networks have become essential to modern concepts of the Internet of Things. The primary foundation for supporting diverse service-centric applications has continued to be the sensor node activity of both sensing phenomena in their local environs and relaying their results to centralized Base Stations.

MALDI - TOF MS for the identification of obligate anaerobes and metronidazole susceptibility of anaerobic Gram negative bacilli.

MALDI-TOF MS, though has facilitated rapid and accurate anaerobe identification, the problem of rising metronidazole resistance amongst the members of Bacteroides fragilis group is cause for concern. In this one-year study period,152 anaerobic Gram negative bacilli and 60 Gram positive anaerobes were isolated from 167 samples obtained from clinically suspected anaerobic infections. Bacteroides fragilis accounted for 56 % of the total anaerobic GNB and Peptoniphilus asacchrarolyticus was the most commonly isolated Gram positive cocci.

Atypical Manifestation of Enterobius vermicularis Infestation in Adults: A Report of a Rare Case.

, commonly known as pinworm, is a parasitic nematode primarily affecting children, with adult infestations being rare. The infection is typically transmitted via the fecal-oral route and is characterized by intense perianal itching, particularly at night. We present a case of a 39-year-old male with an unusual case of infestation.

Review of Pharmacological and Medicinal Uses of Punica granatum.

Pomegranates () are a fruit renowned for their rich history, diverse uses, and substantial health benefits. Current research on the botanical features, nutritional profile, and medicinal properties of pomegranates is summarized in this study. Botanically, the pomegranate is classified as a deciduous shrub with a unique fruit structure comprising numerous seeds, or arils, embedded in a leathery skin.

Ecological interactions and unique resource partitioning between dolphins in the ultraoligotrophic eastern Mediterranean Sea.

This study delves into the eco-dynamics of three dolphin species in the ultra-oligotrophic waters off the southern Israeli Mediterranean coast - two neritic: the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and the common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) and one pelagic: the striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba). It utilizes compound-specific stable isotope analysis of individual amino acids to investigate carbon and nitrogen source variability and trophic positioning among the three species. Muscle samples from stranded individuals were analyzed for carbon (δC) and nitrogen (δN) isotopic ratios of amino acids, with ΔδN (Glutamate-Phenylalanine) acting as an indicator of relative trophic position.

Improvements in upper extremity isometric muscle strength, dexterity, and self-care independence during the sub-acute phase of stroke recovery: an observational study on the effects of intensive comprehensive rehabilitation.

Background: Stroke often impairs upper extremity motor function, with recovery in the sub-acute phase being crucial for regaining independence. This study examines changes in isometric muscle strength, dexterity, and self-care independence during this period, and evaluates the effects of a comprehensive intensive rehabilitation (COMIRESTROKE).

Methods: Individuals in sub-acute stroke recovery and age- and sex-matched controls were assessed for pre- and post-rehabilitation differences in primary outcomes (grip/pinch strength, Nine Hole Peg Test [NHPT], Action Research Arm Test [ARAT]).

Performance of Current Diagnostic Tools in Detecting Latent Tuberculosis Among Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review.

Testing for latent tuberculosis infection is essential for diagnosing infections in asymptomatic individuals. Preventing the transition of latent to active tuberculosis is imperative, especially in high-risk populations such as healthcare workers. Interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) and the Mantoux/tuberculin skin test (TST) are two examples of diagnostic instruments utilized for detection.

Efficient brain tumor grade classification using ensemble deep learning models.

Detecting brain tumors early on is critical for effective treatment and life-saving efforts. The analysis of the brain with MRI scans is fundamental to the diagnosis because it contains detailed structural views of the brain, which is vital in identifying any of its abnormalities. The other option of performing an invasive biopsy is very painful and uncomfortable, which is not the case with MRI as it is free from surgically invasive margins and pieces of equipment.

Prophylactic and Therapeutic Effects of Progesterone on the Preterm Brain Injury Rat Model.

Background:  Neurodevelopmental disorders are chronic conditions affecting behavior, cognition, and social function, often arising from early brain development disruptions. Preterm infants are particularly vulnerable to brain injuries, such as periventricular leukomalacia, which can lead to long-term disabilities.

Aim:  This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of progesterone in reducing the severity of a preterm brain injury in rat model.

Respiratory syncytial virus: an overview of clinical manifestations and management in the Indian pediatric population.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) plays a major part in causing lower respiratory tract infections in younger populations, especially in infants and pediatric patients, causing a higher rate of morbidity and mortality in the respective population, affecting 60% of the population globally. Typically, identifying the virus in the patient's respiratory secretions is important for laboratory validation of a clinically suspected RSV infection. Unfortunately, the only available preventive measure to lower the incidence for infants who are at high risk of RSV-induced hospitalization is palivizumab prophylaxis.

Phytochemical analysis and in vitro biological activity assessment of extracts from .

In this study, the antioxidant capacity, the effect on anti-acetylcholinesterase and anti-urease enzyme inhibition, and kidney stone-reducing effects of different extracts from . In addition, the phytochemical content of the bioactive methanol extract was analyzed by HPLC-DAD. The methanol extract showed strong DPPH (IC:0.

Quality of life among community health workers in the districts of Koppal, Raichur and Mysore, Karnataka State, India.

Aim: To explore the Quality of life among the community health workers and its association with the socio-demographic variables.

Subject And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 739 Community Health Workers (CHWs), where a multistage random sampling technique was used and three districts were selected based on the proportion of Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) in the districts of Karnataka. "WHOQOL-BREF" was used along with a Sociodemographic profile to determine the Quality of Life (QoL) among the CHWs.

Development of point-of-need colourimetric, isothermal diagnostic assays for specific detection of Bacillus subtilis using shikimate dehydrogenase gene.

The largest obstacle in the promotion of biopesticides is the existence of counterfeit products available in the market. Identification and quantification of antagonistic organisms in biopesticide products are the key to the reduction of spurious microbial pesticides. In this study, we have developed a simple, sensitive, isothermal-based colourimetric assay for specific detection of Bacillus subtilis from the biopesticide formulations and soil samples.