Strategies for crowdsourcing hearing health information: a comparative study of educational programs and volunteer-based campaigns on Wikimedia.

Background: Several health institutions developed strategies to improve health content on Wikimedia platforms given their unparalleled reach. The objective of this study was to compare an online volunteer-based Wikimedia outreach campaign with university course Wikipedia assignments (both focused on improving hearing health content in Wikimedia's public digital knowledge archives), in terms of the reach of the contributions and the extent of the participants' input. A secondary objective was to examine the feasibility and the implementation of the different strategies.

Climate Justice Implications of Natech Disasters: Excess Contaminant Releases during Hurricanes on the Texas Gulf Coast.

Extreme weather events are becoming more severe due to climate change, increasing the risk of contaminant releases from hazardous sites disproportionately located in low-income communities of color. We evaluated contaminant releases during Hurricanes Rita, Ike, and Harvey in Texas and used regression models to estimate associations between neighborhood racial/ethnic composition and residential proximity to hurricane-related contaminant releases. Two-to-three times as many excess releases were reported during hurricanes compared to business-as-usual periods.

Hurricane Harvey and the risk of spontaneous preterm and early-term birth.

Background: Hurricane Harvey made landfall in August 2017 and resulted in catastrophic flooding in Houston, Texas. Prior studies of hurricanes and preterm birth have found conflicting results. We tested the hypotheses that exposure to Hurricane Harvey was associated with a higher risk of spontaneous pre- and early-term birth and assessed vulnerable subpopulations.

Comparing resistance of bacterial spores and fungal conidia to pulsed light and UVC radiation at a wavelength of 254 nm.

Pulsed light (PL) inactivates microorganisms by UV-rich, high-irradiance and short time pulses (250 μs) of white light with wavelengths from 200 nm to 1100 nm. PL is applied for disinfection of food packaging material and food-contact equipment. Spores of seven Bacillus ssp.

Patient-centered care - evidence in the context of professional health practice.

Objectives: to analyze patient-centered attitudes in care and sharing practices of nursing, speech therapy, dentistry and medicine professionals.

Methods: cross-sectional research was used with 411 professionals, and the Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale instrument was applied as a measure of outcome.

Results: physicians presented higher mean scores, reflecting a patient-centered orientation, shared control, and focus on the person, with statistical difference for all domains (p<0.

Race, Racism, and Drinking Water Contamination Risk From Oil and Gas Wells in Los Angeles County, 2020.

To evaluate the potential for drinking water contamination in Los Angeles (LA) County, California, based on the proximity of supply wells to oil and gas wells, and characterize risk with respect to race/ethnicity and measures of structural racism. We identified at-risk community water systems (CWSs) as those with supply wells within 1 kilometer of an oil or gas well. We characterized sociodemographics of the populations served by each CWS by using the 2013-2017 American Community Survey.

Effect of the patient-centered care model on health professional satisfaction: a systematic review.

Objective: To analyze the effect of the Patient-Centered Care model on the satisfaction of health professionals, nurses, speech therapists or dentists, who care for hospitalized adults.

Method: Systematic Review conducted from October/2020 to March/2021 at PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science and LILACS databases. Observational and interventional studies were included, relating the effect of Patient-Centered Care on the satisfaction of professionals.

Perception of speech therapy and education students about their experiences and practices in reading and writing academic genre texts.

Purpose: to analyze the perception of Speech-Therapy and Education undergraduates regarding their experiences and practices in reading and writing texts from academic discourse genres.

Methods: It´s a mixed crosscut study, with data collected by the application of a semi-structured questionnaire with open and closed questions about students' relation towards reading and writing of academic texts, their difficulties in the use of these genres and how they cope with such difficulties.

Results: The results show that a significant number of the students assume that they have some difficulty in reading and writing these discourse genres in academic settings, which may be an indication of gaps in working with reading and writing during previous educational levels.

Assessment of the health benefits to children of a transportation climate policy in New York City.

Background: Assessments of health and environmental effects of clean air and climate policies have revealed substantial health benefits due to reductions in air pollution, but have included few pediatric outcomes or assessed benefits at the neighborhood level.

Objectives: We estimated benefits across a suite of child health outcomes in 42 New York City (NYC) neighborhoods under the proposed regional Transportation and Climate Initiative. We also estimated their distribution across racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups.

Clean fleets, different streets: evaluating the effect of New York City's clean bus program on changes to estimated ambient air pollution.

Background: Motor vehicles, including public transit buses, are a major source of air pollution in New York City (NYC) and worldwide. To address this problem, governments and transit agencies have implemented policies to introduce cleaner vehicles into transit fleets. Beginning in 2000, the Metropolitan Transit Agency began deploying compressed natural gas, hybrid electric, and low-sulfur diesel buses to reduce urban air pollution.

Racial Disparities in Climate Change-Related Health Effects in the United States.

Purpose Of Review: Climate change is causing warming over most parts of the USA and more extreme weather events. The health impacts of these changes are not experienced equally. We synthesize the recent evidence that climatic changes linked to global warming are having a disparate impact on the health of people of color, including children.

Potential health benefits of sustained air quality improvements in New York City: A simulation based on air pollution levels during the COVID-19 shutdown.

New York City (NYC) experienced a sharp decline in air pollution during the COVID-19 shutdown period (March 15, 2020 to May 15, 2020)-albeit at high social and economic costs. It provided a unique opportunity to simulate a scenario in which the city-wide air quality improvement during the shutdown were sustained over the five-year period, 2021 through 2025, allowing us to estimate the potential public health benefits to children and adults and their associated economic benefits. We focused on fine particulate matter (PM) and modeled potential future health benefits to children and adults.

The knowledge of the Municipal Guard of Curitiba about the Brazilian Sign Language (Libras), deafness and deaf people.

Introduction: In Brazil, there is a considerable number of deaf people, sign language users, who should have access to equal opportunities. However, sign language is unknown by the most Brazilian population, especially those who work in public institutions, and deny the deaf their rights to equality. Therefore, several professionals, among them, the municipal guards, are not prepared for the diversity.

Co-Benefits to Children's Health of the U.S. Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative.

Background: While various policies have been implemented globally to mitigate climate change and reduce exposure to toxic air pollutants, policy assessments have considered few if any of the benefits to children.

Objective: To comprehensively assess the co-benefits of climate change mitigation to children, we expanded the suite of adverse health outcomes in the U.S.

Scrutinizing Domains of Executive Function in Binge Eating Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Cognitive deficits are implicated in theoretical explanatory models for binge eating disorder (BED). Furthermore, evidence suggest that alterations in executive function may underlie symptoms in BED. The current systematic review and meta-analysis provides an update on executive functioning in individuals with BED.

DGCR2 influences cortical thickness through a mechanism independent of schizophrenia pathogenesis.

We investigated the role of DGCR2, a corticogenesis-related gene, on schizophrenia (SZ) and its subphenotypes, including brain morphology. A total of 221 SZ patients, 263 controls and 70 antipsychotic-naïve first episode of psychosis (FEP) were genotyped for 17 DGCR2 polymorphisms. While no association between DGCR2 polymorphisms and SZ was found, the missense variant rs2072123 was associated to left rostral anterior cingulate thickness, showing that DGCR2 seems not to be associated directly with the SZ but might be influencing the brain morphology.

Component mechanisms of executive function in schizophrenia and their contribution to functional outcomes.

Objective: In schizophrenia, scores reflecting deficits in different cognitive processes are strongly correlated, making it difficult to establish a solid relationship between different cognitive mechanisms and other features of this disorder. The objective of this study was to explore whether three frequently postulated executive functions (updating, shifting, and inhibition) could be compared between groups and considered independently in terms of their respective roles in functional outcome.

Methods: This study relied on confirmatory factor analysis of schizophrenia patients (n=141) and healthy controls (n=119).

Benefit of Using the Prosthesis with Sound Generators in Individuals with Tinnitus Associated With Mild to Moderately Severe Hearing Loss.

Introduction: One of the treatments currently available for the remission of tinnitus, when associated with hearing loss is the use of hearing aids with sound generator. Such treatment is based on the capability that the human brain has to get used to a new sound over another.

Objective: To describe the results found in a group of people who have undergone treatment with sound generators.

The individual with epilepsy: perceptions about the disease and implications on quality of life.

Purpose: The present study aims to analyze the perceptions of individuals with epilepsy about the disease and its impact in their quality of life (QoL).

Methods: This is a cross-sectional, qualitative and quantitative study conducted in a tertiary referral hospital associated with the Brazilian National Health System (SUS). Data were collected from 30 individuals with diagnosis of refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (RTLE).

Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) polymorphisms modulate working memory in individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls.

Objective: Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia, related to dopaminergic dysfunction in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). It is hypothesized that functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4680 of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene could mediate the relationship between cognition and dopamine activity in the PFC. Other COMT SNPs could also play a role.

The Brazilian standardization of the MATRICS consensus cognitive battery (MCCB): Psychometric study.

Objective: Translate, adapt, and validate the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) in Brazil.

Method: The present study followed three steps: 1) translation to Portuguese, cultural adaptation, and back translation to English; 2) completion of a pilot study (N=30) conducted with the purpose of assessing whether the general comprehension of the items was clear and all participants adequately responded to the battery; 3) completion of a Reliability and Validation Study of the Brazilian version of the MCCB with 99 individuals with schizophrenia and 99 healthy subjects. All participants were administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) and patients were also rated on the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) Scale and the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS).