Unveiling microbiome changes in Mediterranean octocorals during the 2022 marine heatwaves: quantifying key bacterial symbionts and potential pathogens.

Background: Climate change has accelerated the occurrence and severity of heatwaves in the Mediterranean Sea and poses a significant threat to the octocoral species that form the foundation of marine animal forests (MAFs). As coral health intricately relies on the symbiotic relationships established between corals and microbial communities, our goal was to gain a deeper understanding of the role of bacteria in the observed tissue loss of key octocoral species following the unprecedented heatwaves in 2022.

Results: Using amplicon sequencing and taxon-specific qPCR analyses, we unexpectedly found that the absolute abundance of the major bacterial symbionts, Spirochaetaceae (C.

Porites' coral calcifying fluid chemistry regulation under normal- and low-pH seawater conditions in Palau Archipelago: Impacts on growth properties.

Ongoing ocean acidification is known to be a major threat to tropical coral reefs. To date, only few studies have evaluated the impacts of natural long-term exposure to low-pH seawater on the chemical regulation and growth of reef-building corals. This work investigated the different responses of the massive Porites coral living at normal (pH ~ 8.

Plastics are a new threat to Palau's coral reefs.

Plastic pollution of the oceans has long been an ongoing and growing problem. Single-use plastic (plastic bags and microbeads) is responsible for most of this pollution. In recent years, studies have highlighted the importance of the size of plastic particles, and the impact of this pollution source on the environment.

Acute exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate exacerbates heat-induced oxidative stress in a tropical coral species.

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is among the most commonly per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) found in environmental samples. Nevertheless, the effect of this legacy persistent organic contaminant has never been investigated on corals to date. Corals are the keystone organisms of coral reef ecosystems and sensitive to rising ocean temperatures, but it is not understood how the combination of elevated temperature and PFOS exposure will affect them.

Polystyrene nanoplastics impair the photosynthetic capacities of Symbiodiniaceae and promote coral bleaching.

Reef-building corals are increasingly threatened by global and regional stresses, which affect the stability of the coral-Symbiodiniaceae association. Among them, plastic pollution has been an ongoing and growing concern. Whereas several studies have highlighted the detrimental impact of microplastics (0.

Artificial light at night (ALAN) alters the physiology and biochemistry of symbiotic reef building corals.

Artificial Light at Night (ALAN), which is the alteration of natural light levels as the result of anthropogenic light sources, has been acknowledged as an important factor that alters the functioning of marine ecosystems. Using LEDs light to mimic ALAN, we studied the effect on the physiology (symbiont and chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis, respiration, pigment profile, skeletal growth, and oxidative stress responses) of two scleractinian coral species originating from the Red Sea. ALAN induced the photoinhibition of symbiont photosynthesis, as well as an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an increase in oxidative damage to lipids in both coral species.

Coral Productivity Is Co-Limited by Bicarbonate and Ammonium Availability.

The nitrogen environment and nitrogen status of reef-building coral endosymbionts is one of the important factors determining the optimal assimilation of phototrophic carbon and hence the growth of the holobiont. However, the impact of inorganic nutrient availability on the photosynthesis and physiological state of the coral holobiont is partly understood. This study aimed to determine if photosynthesis of the endosymbionts associated with the coral and the overall growth of the holobiont were limited by the availability of dissolved inorganic carbon and nitrogen in seawater.

Predictive factors associated with involved margins in breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by breast-conserving therapy.

Introduction: This study sought to identify predictive factors of involved surgical margins in breast-conserving surgery (BCS) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) to help guide the surgical procedure.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective study of patients who had BCS after NAC between January 2008 and December 2013.

Outcome Measure: tumor-involved margin, defined by tumor cells on ink for invasive cancer and tumor-free margin < 2 mm for DCIS.

Dendritic cell-based vaccination: powerful resources of immature dendritic cells against pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) has a poor prognosis. One treatment approach, investigated here, is to reinforce antitumor immunity. Dendritic cells (DCs) are essential for the development and regulation of adaptive host immune responses against tumors.

Fertility, Pregnancy, and Clinical Outcomes after Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation Management.

Study Objective: To evaluate fertility, pregnancy, and clinical outcomes after uterine arteriovenous malformation (UAVM) management.

Design: Single-center retrospective study (Canadian Task Force classification III).

Setting: One referral center.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, chronic pancreatitis, and MODY-8 diabetes: is bile salt-dependent lipase (or carboxyl ester lipase) at the crossroads of pancreatic pathologies?

Pancreatic adenocarcinomas and diabetes mellitus are responsible for the deaths of around two million people each year worldwide. Patients with chronic pancreatitis do not die directly of this disease, except where the pathology is hereditary. Much current literature supports the involvement of bile salt-dependent lipase (BSDL), also known as carboxyl ester lipase (CEL), in the pathophysiology of these pancreatic diseases.

Comparative Assessment of Mediterranean Gorgonian-Associated Microbial Communities Reveals Conserved Core and Locally Variant Bacteria.

Gorgonians are key habitat-forming species of Mediterranean benthic communities, but their populations have suffered from mass mortality events linked to high summer seawater temperatures and microbial disease. However, our knowledge on the diversity, dynamics and function of gorgonian-associated microbial communities is limited. Here, we analysed the spatial variability of the microbiomes of five sympatric gorgonian species (Eunicella singularis, Eunicella cavolini, Eunicella verrucosa, Leptogorgia sarmentosa and Paramuricea clavata), collected from the Mediterranean Sea over a scale of ∼1100 km, using next-generation amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.

A pancreatic tumor-specific biomarker characterized in humans and mice as an immunogenic onco-glycoprotein is efficient in dendritic cell vaccination.

Oncofetal fucose-rich glycovariants of the pathological bile salt-dependent lipase (pBSDL) appear during human pancreatic oncogenesis and are detected by themonoclonal antibody J28 (mAbJ28). We aimed to identify murine counterparts onpancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells and tissue and investigate the potential of dendritic cells (DC) loaded with this unique pancreatic tumor antigen to promote immunotherapy in preclinical trials. Pathological BSDLs purified from pancreatic juices of patients with PDAC were cleaved to generate glycosylated C-terminal moieties (C-ter) containing mAbJ28-reactive glycoepitopes.

Metabolomic analysis of rat brain by high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of tissue extracts.

Studies of gene expression on the RNA and protein levels have long been used to explore biological processes underlying disease. More recently, genomics and proteomics have been complemented by comprehensive quantitative analysis of the metabolite pool present in biological systems. This strategy, termed metabolomics, strives to provide a global characterization of the small-molecule complement involved in metabolism.

Photophysiology and daily primary production of a temperate symbiotic gorgonian.

Gorgonians are one of the most important benthic components of tropical and temperate areas, and play a fundamental role as ecosystem engineers. Although global warming and pollution increasingly threaten them, the acquisition of nutrients, which is a key process in fitness and stress resistance, has been poorly investigated in such species. This study has thus used an advanced in situ incubation chamber for the first time with gorgonians, to assess the daily acquisition of nutrients and the photophysiology of the Mediterranean symbiotic species, Eunicella singularis.

Umbilical vein varix: Importance of ante- and post-natal monitoring by ultrasound.

Foetal intra-abdominal umbilical vein varix is rare. Colour Doppler ultrasonography helps distinguish this vascular anomaly. A detailed anatomic scan must be performed to exclude associated anomalies: forms associated with additional complications are found in 29 to 35% of the cases.

The response of the scleractinian coral Turbinaria reniformis to thermal stress depends on the nitrogen status of the coral holobiont.

The physiological response of the scleractinian coral Turbinaria reniformis to ammonium enrichment (3 μmol l(-1)) was examined at 26°C as well as during a 7 day increase in temperature to 31°C (thermal stress). At 26°C, ammonium supplementation had little effect on the coral physiology. It induced a decrease in symbiont density, compensated by an increase in chlorophyll content per symbiont cell.

Cerebral biochemical pathways in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and adjuvant arthritis: a comparative metabolomic study.

Many diseases, including brain disorders, are associated with perturbations of tissue metabolism. However, an often overlooked issue is the impact that inflammations outside the brain may have on brain metabolism. Our main goal was to study similarities and differences between brain metabolite profiles of animals suffering from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and adjuvant arthritis (AA) in Lewis rat models.

[Reduction of multiple pregnancies in ART with large SET procedures over the period 2001-2010].

Objective: To evaluate delivery rate and multiple pregnancy rates in ART (assisted reproductive techniques) following introduction of an elective single embryo tranfer (eSET) policy. This strategy was started in 2002 including transfer of one embryo for women less than 35 years with a least two good quality embryo during their first or second attempts.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective study including all IVF cycles performed in the IVF centre of Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital from 01/01/2001 to 31/12/2010.

Exosomal lipids impact notch signaling and induce death of human pancreatic tumoral SOJ-6 cells.

Exosomes are of increasing interest as alternative mode of cell-to-cell communication. We previously reported that exosomes secreted by human SOJ-6 pancreatic tumor cells induce (glyco)protein ligand-independent cell death and inhibit Notch-1 pathway, this latter being particularly active during carcinogenesis and in cancer stem cells. Therefore, we asked whether exosomal lipids were key-elements for cell death and hypothesized that cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains were privileged sites of exosome interactions with tumor cells.

Targeting a novel onco-glycoprotein antigen at tumoral pancreatic cell surface by mAb16D10 induces cell death.

The mAb16D10 was raised against a pathological onco-glycoform of bile salt-dependent lipase isolated from the pancreatic juice of a patient suffering from a pancreatic adenocarcinoma. We previously showed that mAb16D10 specifically discriminates human pancreatic tumor tissues from other cancer and nontumor tissues. In this study, we report that mAb16D10 inhibited the proliferation of only human pancreatic tumor cells expressing 16D10 plasma membrane Ag.

Investigation of a new tumor-associated glycosylated antigen as target for dendritic cell vaccination in pancreatic cancer.

Glycoproteins, as valuable targets for dendritic cell (DC)-vaccination in cancers, remain an open question. Glycosylated structures, which are aberrantly modified during cancerisation, impact positively or negatively on glycoprotein immunogenicity. Here is presented an oncofetal glycovariant of bile-salt-dependent-lipase, expressed on human tumoral pancreas and efficiently processed by DC's, inducing T-lymphocyte activation.