Discordance between humoral and cellular immune responses to cytomegalovirus infection in CMV seropositive patients awaiting lung transplantation.

Introduction: Risk stratification for CMV infection in lung transplantation (LT) currently relies on determining donor and recipient CMV IgG before transplantation. However, it has been observed that some patients who test positive for CMV-specific humoral response before kidney transplantation (KT) exhibit a weak or absent CMV-specific cellular response. The significance of this observation in LT is still unknown.

[Outcomes of respiratory rehabilitation program in lung transplant recipients: a quasi experimental study].

Introduction: Lung transplant (LT) is the ultimate option for end-stage lung diseases. Malnutrition and sarcopenia, common in LT recipients, can be reversible with adequate exercise and nutrition. This study aims to assess changes in physical performance and aerobic capacity after a 10-week rehabilitation program (RP) in LT recipients, as well as to describe the prevalence of sarcopenia and malnutrition before and after RP and their influence on clinically relevant outcomes.

Tobramycin Systemic Absorption in Lung Transplant Recipients Treated With Inhaled Tobramycin: A Cohort Study.

Inhaled tobramycin treatment has been associated with nephrotoxicity in some case reports, but limited data are available about serum levels and its possible systemic absorption in lung transplant recipients (LTR). We conducted a single-center, observational and retrospective study of all adult (>18 years old) LTR treated with inhaled tobramycin for at least 3 days between June 2019 and February 2022. Trough serum levels were collected and >2 μg/mL was considered a high drug level.

Long-term effect of tocilizumab on mortality, readmissions, persistent symptoms and lung function in SARS-CoV-2 patients 1 year after hospital discharge: A matched cohort study.

Background: Tocilizumab is presumed to be an effective and safe treatment for severe SARS-Cov-2, but its usefulness has not been investigated yet for long-term outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of tocilizumab on mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2 throughout the year following discharge.

Methods: A retrospective observational analysis was performed on electronic medical records of patients with SARS-CoV2 who were discharged from our hospital after surviving the first wave in March-April 2020.

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: Searching for potential biomarkers.

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor-D (VEGF-D) is the most commonly used biomarker for diagnosing lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). However, lung biopsy is often necessary as well; therefore, defining new biomarkers for LAM is crucial. The aim of this study was to describe the diagnostic accuracy of a variety of biomarkers.

mTOR inhibitors a potential predisposing factor for chronic hepatitis E: Results from the prospective collaborative CHES study (Chronic Hepatitis EScreening in patients with immune impairment and increased transaminases levels).

Background: Chronic hepatitis E virus (HEV) in persons with immune impairment has a progressive course leading to a rapid progression to liver cirrhosis. However, prospective data on chronic HEV is scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for chronic HEV infection in subjects with immune dysfunction and elevated liver enzymes.

Lung transplantation for interstitial lung disease in idiopathic inflammatory myositis: A cohort study.

In patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) complicating classical or amyopathic idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM), lung transplantation outcomes might be affected by the disease and treatments. Here, our objective was to assess survival and prognostic factors in lung transplant recipients with IIM-ILD. We retrospectively reviewed data for 64 patients who underwent lung transplantation between 2009 and 2021 at 19 European centers.

Lung allograft transbronchial cryobiopsy for critical ventilated patients: a randomised trial.

Background: Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy is an emerging technique for diagnosing pulmonary rejection. However, no prospective studies of this procedure for critically ill lung transplant recipients who require mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU) have been performed.

Methods: From March 2017 to January 2020, we performed a prospective, randomised, comparative study to assess the diagnostic yield, histological quality and safety of transbronchial lung biopsy using biopsy forceps, a 1.

Predictive Value of Immune Cell Functional Assay for Non-Cytomegalovirus Infection in Lung Transplant Recipients: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Study.

Introduction: Immune cell functional assay (ImmuKnow®) is a non-invasive method that measures the state of cellular immunity in immunosuppressed patients. We studied the prognostic value of the assay for predicting non-cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections in lung transplant recipients.

Methods: A multicenter prospective observational study of 92 patients followed up from 6 to 12 months after transplantation was performed.

Safety and Effectiveness of Isavuconazole Treatment for Fungal Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients (ISASOT Study).

Isavuconazole (ISA) is an alternative treatment for Aspergillus spp. and other fungal infections, but evidence regarding its use in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) is scarce. All SOTR who received ISA for treatment of a fungal infection (FI) at our center from December 2017 to January 2021 were included.

Lung transplantation for acute respiratory distress syndrome: a retrospective European cohort study.

Background: The published experience of lung transplantation in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the contemporary results of lung transplantation attempts in ARDS in major European centres.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicentre cohort study of all patients listed for lung transplantation between 2011 and 2019.

Lung Transplant Improves Survival and Quality of Life Regardless of Telomere Dysfunction.

Fibrotic interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are the first indication for lung transplantation (LT). Telomere dysfunction has been associated with poor post-transplant outcomes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the morbi-mortality and quality of life in fibrotic ILDs after lung transplant depending on telomere biology.

Graft reduction surgery is associated with poorer outcome after lung transplantation: a single-centre propensity score-matched analysis.

Objectives: Implanted lung volume-reduction surgery due to donor/recipient size mismatch could affect both lung function and survival. We examined the outcomes of lung volume-reduction procedures post-lung transplant.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 366 consecutive adult lung transplants carried out between January 2014 and December 2018 at one single centre.

Long-term results of sirolimus treatment in lymphangioleiomyomatosis: a single referral centre experience.

There are few published data on long-term treatment with sirolimus in lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). The objective of this study was to describe the long-term effect of sirolimus in a series of LAM patients followed up in a referral centre, focusing on pulmonary function. We retrospectively reviewed a series of 48 patients with LAM diagnosed, followed up and treated with sirolimus in a single centre.

Role of Polymorphisms in the Susceptibility and Severity of Interstitial Lung Disease.

The search for biomarkers that can help to establish an early diagnosis and prognosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is of potential interest. polymorphisms have been implicated in the development of several lung disorders. Consequently, we assessed, for the first time, the role of polymorphisms in the susceptibility and severity of ILD.

Nebulized Micafungin Treatment for / Tracheobronchitis in Lung Transplant Recipients.

/ isolates cause infections with high mortality in lung transplant recipients. Treatment is challenging due to antimicrobial resistance. We describe two cases of / tracheobronchitis in lung transplant recipients successfully treated with nebulized micafungin.