Genotype-driven sensitivity of mice to tick-borne encephalitis virus correlates with differential host responses in peripheral macrophages and brain.

Background: Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is the most common tick-borne viral infection in Eurasia. Outcomes range from asymptomatic infection to fatal encephalitis, with host genetics likely playing a role. BALB/c mice have intermediate susceptibility to TBE virus (TBEV) and STS mice are highly resistant, whereas the recombinant congenic strain CcS-11, which carries 12.

Two amino acid pairs in the Gc glycoprotein of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus responsible for the enhanced virulence.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a significant public health concern, with a high fatality rate in humans and cats. In this study, we explored the genetic determinants that contribute to the different virulence of SFTS virus (SFTSV) based on Tk-F123 and Ng-F264 strains isolated from cats. Tk-F123 was 100% lethal in type I interferon receptor-knockout mice, whereas Ng-F264 exhibited no fatality.

Exposure of amateur gardeners to pesticides via the non-gloved skin per day.

To predict a risk to gardeners not wearing protective gloves, the dermal absorption of three active insecticides was assessed in vitro using porcine ear-skin simulating 1-h handling of diluted plant protection products. Acetamiprid and Pirimicarb were found in the receptor fluid immediately after 1-h skin exposure, whereas Chlorpyrifos-methyl absorbed in the skin was not released into the receptor fluid even after 23 hours. The Estimated Gardener Exposure Level (EGEL) at 23 hours after 1-h exposure for two worst-case scenarios (i) non-gloved hands; (ii) non-gloved hands/uncovered forearms, was (i) 0.

Margin of safety for two UV filters estimated by in vitro permeation studies mimicking consumer habits: Effects of skin shaving and sunscreen reapplication.

Sunscreens are intended to work on the skin. To be both efficient and safe, the lowest possible percutaneous permeation of UV filters should occur. The potential for systemic absorption of Benzophenone-3 (BP3, 10%) and Ethylhexyl Triazone (EHT, 5%) in a silicone-based water-in-oil emulsion was assessed in vitro using a full-thickness porcine-ear skin mimicking in-use conditions.

Estimated exposure of hands inside the protective gloves used by non-occupational handlers of agricultural pesticides.

Exposure of handlers'/operators' hands is a main route of agricultural pesticides entry into their body. Non-occupational handlers still lack information about appropriate selection of protective gloves to minimize exposure and reduce adverse effects of these chemicals. According to the results of our previous survey, six commercially available, water-resistant gloves commonly used by non-professional gardeners were evaluated for permeation of Acetamiprid, Pirimicarb, and Chlorpyrifos-methyl (Chlorp-m) pesticides by means of in vitro testing.

Skin absorption and human exposure estimation of three widely discussed UV filters in sunscreens--In vitro study mimicking real-life consumer habits.

Due to health concerns about safety, three UV-filters (Benzophenone-3, BP3, 10%; Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate, EHMC, 10%; Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane, BMDBM; 5%) were examined in vitro for absorption on full-thickness pig-ear skin, mimicking human in-use conditions. Kinetic profiles confirmed the rapid permeation of BP3; after the first hour of skin (frozen-stored) exposure to 2 mg/cm(2) (W/O sunscreen; recommended but unrealistic amount), about 0.5% of the applied dose passed into the receptor fluid.

[Knowledge level of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in secondary school students of non-medical specialisation in the Czech Republic].

Background: Knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is essential part of the first aid skill. Constant attention is given to education in CPR mainly among adolescents. The aim of our epidemiological study was to asses the actual level of theoretical knowledge in CPR.

Dermatoglyphics in juvenile hypertension.

Dermatoglyphics of 172 children and young adults (116 males, 56 females) with hypertension, 13-27 years old, were compared with those of 130 healthy male and 110 female controls. Several differences were observed between the two groups. Hypertensive patients had a somewhat lower frequency of fingertip ulnar loops, higher frequency whorls and a higher total finger ridge count.

[Clinical diagnosis and laboratory study of acute respiratory diseases of viral origin in children].

The authors analyzed retrospectively a group of 477 children aged two months to 16 years (mean age 6 years and 5 months), hospitalized on account of acute respiratory disease and subjected to virological examination. The aetiology was revealed in 53% of the sick children. In the elucidation of the aetiology participated a number of respiratory viruses, in particular the respiratory syncytial virus.

[How can the Williams-Beuren syndrome be recognized?].

In a girl with Williams-Beuren's syndrome psychological examination revealed mental retardation with a special mental profile, angiography revealed peripheral pulmonary stenoses, echocardiography a slight stenosis in the supravalvular aortal area and anthropometry typical facial signs. Indirect signs of hypercalcaemia were clinical signs of poor progress during infancy. The authors emphasize that accurate analysis of basic clinical signs and the natural development of the disease are the key to its diagnosis.

[Deviations in dermatoglyphic signs in juvenile hypertensives].

In 172 children and young adults aged 13-27 years dermatoglyphic deviations were investigated, as compared with the normal Prague population. The authors tested 116 hypertonic males, as compared with 130 male controls; 110 healthy women were compared with 56 suffering from hypertension. Using classical modern statistical tests, some significant deviations were found in the pathological groups.

[A nosocomial epidemic caused by adenovirus type 3 at a clinic for children and adolescents].

The authors describe an epidemic of acute viral respiratory diseases with a nosocomial character at a clinic for children and adolescents, caused by adenovirus type 3. Of 80 exposed children 26 fell ill (attack rate 32.5%).

[Chromosome aberrations in children with the Williams-Beuren syndrome].

Karyotypic examinations were carried out in 10 children suffering from Williams-Beuren's syndrome. Chromosomal aberrations were established in two of the children. In one case the mosaic pattern of Klinefelter's syndrome was recorded, evidently presenting an instance of coincidence.