Insufficient Physical Fitness and Deficits in Basic Eating Habits in Normal-Weight Obese Children Are Apparent from Pre-School Age or Sooner.

Normal-weight obesity appears to be an extended diagnosis/syndrome associated with insufficient physical fitness levels and inadequate eating habits at least from school years. However, its relation to long term health parameters in pre-school children remains unknown, even though pre-school age is crucial for the determining healthy lifelong habits. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the differences in physical fitness level and basic eating habits between normal-weight obese, normal-weight non-obese, and overweight and obese preschoolers.

Data of a sub-analysis of the DEMDATA study: characteristics of Austrian and Czech nursing homes residents.

Objectives: The aim of this data paper is to provide the data set of a sub-analysis of the DEMDATA study data. In the DEMDATA study, epidemiological data on the prevalence and severity of dementia, as well as functioning, behavioral problems and other health related factors in residents living in Austrian and Czech nursing homes were collected. The DEMDATA project further provides information on relatives' perception of the life Quality of residents, care team burden as well as environmental factors.

Cognitive status and use of analgesics and anxiolytics in residents of nursing homes in the Czech Republic.

Background: The treatment of pain and treatment of anxiety are two of the most complex issues in nursing homes worldwide, mainly because of the large numbers of people with cognitive impairment who reside in this environment.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the administration of analgesics and anxiolytics to people living in nursing homes, taking into account cognitive status.

Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we used data from 404 residents who lived in nine randomly selected nursing homes in the Czech Republic and participated in the Czech-Austrian Long-Term Care Research Project called DEMDATA.

Cross-sectional study of prevalence of dementia, behavioural symptoms, mobility, pain and other health parameters in nursing homes in Austria and the Czech Republic: results from the DEMDATA project.

Background: This paper provides a first comparative exploratory analysis of our findings from DEMDATA, a collaborative project between Austria and the Czech Republic. Analysed here are data from the residents and the environment assessment protocol.

Methods: In a cross sectional study design, residents from randomly drawn and stratified nursing homes were investigated using a common study protocol.

Perspectives on family caregiving of people aging with intellectual disability affected by dementia: Commentary from the International Summit on Intellectual Disability and Dementia.

This article, an output of the 2016 International Summit on Intellectual Disability and Dementia, examines familial caregiving situations within the context of a support-staging model for adults with intellectual disability (ID) affected by dementia. Seven narratives offer context to this support-staging model to interpret situations experienced by caregivers. The multidimensional model has two fundamental aspects: identifying the role and nature of caregiving as either primary (direct) or secondary (supportive); and defining how caregiving is influenced by stage of dementia.

Consensus statement of the International Summit on Intellectual Disability and Dementia on valuing the perspectives of persons with intellectual disability.

The International Summit on Intellectual Disability and Dementia covered a range of issues related to dementia and intellectual disability, including the dearth of personal reflections of persons with intellectual disability affected by dementia. This article reflects on this deficiency and explores some of the personal perspectives gleaned from the literature, from the Summit attendees and from the experiences of persons with intellectual disability recorded or scribed in advance of the two-day Summit meeting. Systemic recommendations included reinforcing the value of the involvement of persons with intellectual disability in (a) research alongside removing barriers to inclusion posed by institutional/ethics review boards, (b) planning groups that establish supports for dementia and (c) peer support.

DEMDATA: The Austrian-Czech institutional long term care project - design and protocol of a two-centre cross sectional study.

Background: The organization of long-term care is one of the main challenges of public health and health policies in Europe and worldwide, especially in terms of care concepts for people with dementia. In Austria and the Czech Republic the majority of elderly institutionalized persons with dementia are cared for in nursing homes. It is however unclear, how many persons living in nursing homes in Austria and in the Czech Republic are suffering from cognitive impairment and dementia.

A comparison of brief and ultrabrief pulse stimuli in unilateral ECT.

A double-blind, randomized, comparative study of the therapeutic efficacy and side effects of unilateral electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) given with two different stimulus types was carried out in the Kuffner Sanatorium, Horni Berkovice, Czech Republic. Brief or ultrabrief pulse stimuli were used in 48 hospitalized patients, ages 17-61 years, diagnosed with either schizophrenia (n = 42) or major depression (n = 6). All patients received eight unilateral treatments each.

Global dimensional complexity of the EEG in healthy volunteers.

In contrast to the single-channel dimensional complexity, the global dimensional complexity is calculated from a multichannel EEG. The intention with the method is to measure the spatial distribution of information processing in the brain. The method seems to be of interest in psychopharmacological research, but the interpretation of the results in physiological terms is rather difficult.

Mental and social problems of families with handicapped child.

Studies were carried out in a series of 100 mothers of children with facial clefts who were treated up to the age of 13 to 15 years at the Department for Plastic Surgery. Clefts were used as a model situation for studies into the response of parents--and especially of mothers--to the birth of a child with an inborn malformation. The main results showed: that three quarters of mothers designated the birth of a handicapped child as a mental shock followed by a variety of neurotic symptoms.

[Psychological and social stress in children with cleft lip and palate].

Unlabelled: The authors analyzed representative data on the increase of inborn developmental defects in Czechoslovakia; in 1970-1980 the increment was + 50%. Inborn developmental defects are studied from the psychiatric aspect as a stimulus causing a reaction of the family to the breakdown of their parenteral expectations of a healthy child and the problem of continuation of the family. The reaction of the mothers is usually post-partum depression and impaired development of attachment to the child.

[Psychological and social problems in families with children with congenital defects].

The authors investigated a group of 109 mothers whose children with a cleft (dg. 749) were up to the age of 13-15 years in the care of the Clinic of Plastic Surgery. The cleft served as a model situation for investigation of the parents' reaction, in particular the mother's reaction, to the birth of the child with a developmental defect.

[Epidemiologic study of symptoms of minimal brain dysfunction: problems in quantitative evaluation].

The paper deals with problems arising during processing of data from an epidemiological screening focused on the Minimum Brain Dysfunction complex in children of the first and second form of elementary school. A new rating scale for the screening has been proposed. Its formal properties were analyzed in detail.

[Epidemiologic study of symptoms of minimal brain dysfunction. 1. Design and testing of methods--the incidence of symptoms in the study group].

The authors inform on the elaboration of a screening method for recording of symptoms of minimal brain dysfunction and its initial verification in the research problem "Incidence of signs of minimal brain dysfunctions in children in the North Bohemian region". In the first stage a population group of children in the second form of primary school in three districts was examined, a total of 5080 children, and data were assembled from their 9000 parents. The authors describe the elaboration of the method which comprises rating scales which evaluate specific striking features in the behaviour, dysfunction in school skills (the forms were completed by teachers and mothers) and performance tests administered by the children themselves.