(Phylum Dicyemida: Dicyemidae) isolated from Korean common octopus in Korea.

Background: Dicyemids are parasites found in the renal sac of cephalopods. The first species of dicyemid was found from kidneys of the Korean common octopus .

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the dicyemid and investigate the effect on renal sac of host.

Normal Ischiofemoral Distance and Its Associated Factors: Computed Tomography-Based Study.

Purpose: The purposes of this study are (1) to measure the ischiofemoral distance (IFD) in nondiseased hips and (2) to reveal patient demographic and anatomical factors associated with IFD.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we identified patients who had unilateral osteonecrosis of the femoral head on computed tomography (CT) scan from November 2005 to July 2018 and assessed the unaffected contralateral hips of the patients. Among the contralateral hips, we excluded hips with hip pain, incomplete or poor-quality CT image, incomplete medical record, degenerative arthritis of the hip, or previous hip surgery.

Computed Tomography Staging of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head.

Introduction: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) usually affects patients younger than 50 years and frequently leads to collapse of the femoral head and subsequent osteoarthritis of the hip. Joint-preserving procedures are attempted in the early stages without collapse, while total hip arthroplasty (THA) is done during more advanced stages with femoral head collapse or a fracture in the necrotic portion. Thus, accurate staging of the disease is mandatory to decide therapeutic strategy.

Which Osteotomy for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head and Which Patient for the Osteotomy?

Transtrochanteric curved varus osteotomy (TCVO) and transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy (TRO) are joint-preserving procedures for osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The purpose of this review is to provide up-to-date guidelines for the osteotomies. One retrospective comparison revealed that TCVO has shorter operation time, less bleeding, lower incidence of osteophyte formation, and lower rate of secondary collapse.

Local administration of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) c1 inhibitor to suppress early resorption and inflammation induced by bone morphogenetic protein-2.

Nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)-c1 is known as a key regulator in osteoclast differentiation and immune response. This study is a follow-up to our previous study showing the antiresorptive activity of VIVIT, a peptide type NFATc1 inhibitor, using absorbable collagen sponge (ACS). This study aimed to investigate the effective concentration range of local VIVIT that suppresses early excessive osteoclast activation and inflammation induced by high-dose recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2 and concomitantly enhances bone healing in a rat critical-sized calvaria defect model.

Bone-healing capacity of conditioned medium derived from three-dimensionally cultivated human mesenchymal stem cells and electrical stimulation on collagen sponge.

Continuing from our previous study, we hypothesized that combining electrical stimulation (ES) and three-dimensional (3D) culture would be a useful strategy to obtain more bioactive factors in conditioned medium (CM) derived from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC). Our aim in this study was to investigate the bone-healing capacity of CM derived from hMSC after 4 days of culture on a collagen sponge-exposed (CM-ES) or unexposed (CM-control; CM-CON) to ES in comparison with that of hMSC implantation. A cytokine assay of both CMs revealed the presence of cytokines, growth factors, and trophic factors.

Early and Marked Enhancement of New Bone Quality by Alendronate-Loaded Collagen Sponge Combined with Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 at High Dose: A Long-Term Study in Calvarial Defects in a Rat Model.

Choice of appropriate biomaterial is a key factor for the success of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2 therapy. Inspired by osteogenic cell-differentiating and osteoclast-suppressing capabilities of alendronate (ALN), we manufactured a composite type of ALN-loaded collagen sponge (ALN-CS), which controls the early detrimental effect of high-dose rhBMP-2. This study aimed to evaluate ALN-CS as a high-dose rhBMP-2 carrier by investigating its initial biomolecular effect and efficacy on intramembranous ossification at 1, 4, 8, and 24 weeks using a rat calvarial defect model compared with nonloaded CS.

Differential modulation of zoledronate and etidronate in osseous healing of an extracted socket and tibia defect.

Objectives: Osteonecrosis of the jaw has been increasing after dentoalveolar surgery in patients treated with an antiresorptive bisphosphonate (BP), especially strong zoledronate (ZA). The pathophysiology underlying why osteonecrosis occurs exclusively in the jaw bone remains unclear. This study investigated skeletal site-specific bone healing during the use of BPs to explore the preferential incidence of osteonecrosis of the jaw bone.

Is Heparin Effective for the Controlled Delivery of High-Dose Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2?

Sustained release of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 by heparin-contained biomaterials is advantageous for bone tissue regeneration using low-dose BMP-2. However, its effect with high-dose BMP-2 is still unclear and should be clarified considering the clinical use of a high dose of BMP-2 in spine and oral surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a heparin-conjugated collagen sponge (HCS) with high-dose BMP-2 delivery by investigating in vivo initial osteogenic regulation and bone healing over 12 weeks in comparison with that of an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS).

Lumbar Lordosis of Spinal Stenosis Patients during Intraoperative Prone Positioning.

Background: To evaluate the effect of spondylolisthesis on lumbar lordosis on the OSI (Jackson; Orthopaedic Systems Inc.) frame. Restoration of lumbar lordosis is important for maintaining sagittal balance.

IoT-based smart garbage system for efficient food waste management.

Owing to a paradigm shift toward Internet of Things (IoT), researches into IoT services have been conducted in a wide range of fields. As a major application field of IoT, waste management has become one such issue. The absence of efficient waste management has caused serious environmental problems and cost issues.

One-step pathogen specific DNA extraction from whole blood on a centrifugal microfluidic device.

We report a fully integrated, pathogen-specific DNA extraction device utilizing centrifugal microfluidics on a polymer based CD platform. By use of the innovative laser irradiated Ferrowax microvalve (LIFM) together with the rapid cell lysis method using laser irradiation on magnetic particles, we could, for the first time, demonstrate a fully integrated pathogen specific DNA extraction from whole blood on a CD. As a model study, DNA extraction experiments from whole blood spiked with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and E.

Multifunctional microvalves control by optical illumination on nanoheaters and its application in centrifugal microfluidic devices.

Valving is critical in microfluidic systems. Among many innovative microvalves used in lab-on-a-chip applications, phase change based microvalves using paraffin wax are particularly attractive for disposable biochip applications because they are simple to implement, cost-effective and biocompatible. However, previously reported paraffin-based valves require embedded microheaters and therefore multi-step operation of many microvalves was a difficult problem.

Light extraction enhancement from nano-imprinted photonic crystal GaN-based blue light-emitting diodes.

The nano-imprint lithography method was employed to incorporate wide-area (375 x 330 mum(2)) photonic-crystal (PC) patterns onto the top surface of GaN-based LEDs. When the 280-nm-thick p-GaN was partly etched to ~140 nm, the maximal extraction-efficiency was observed without deteriorating electrical properties. After epoxy encapsulation, the light output of the PC LED was enhanced by 25% in comparison to the standard LED without pattern, at a standard current of 20 mA.