Effect of photodynamic therapy according to differences in photosensitizers on Staphylococcus aureus biofilm on titanium.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm on a titanium surface and to compare the differences in the effect of PDT using toluidine blue O (TBO) and methylene blue (MB) as a photosensitizer.

Methods: The bacterial strain S. aureus ATCC 25,923 was used.

Temporal changes of periodontal tissue pathology in a periodontitis animal model.

Purpose: This study aimed to characterize the early stages of periodontal disease and determine the optimal period for its evaluation in a mouse model. The association between the duration of ligation and its effect on the dentogingival area in mice was evaluated using micro-computed tomography (CT) and histological analysis.

Methods: Ninety mice were allocated to an untreated control group or a ligation group in which periodontitis was induced by a 6-0 silk ligation around the left second maxillary molar.

Long-term effect of implant-abutment connection type on marginal bone loss and survival of dental implants.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the long-term survival rate and peri-implant marginal bone loss between different types of dental implant-abutment connections.

Methods: Implants with external or internal abutment connections, which were fitted at Gangneung-Wonju National University Dental Hospital from November 2011 to December 2015 and followed up for >5 years, were retrospectively investigated. Cumulative survival rates were evaluated for >5 years, and peri-implant marginal bone loss was evaluated at 1- and 5-year follow-up examinations after functional loading.

Antimicrobial photothermal therapy using diode laser with indocyanine green on Streptococcus gordonii biofilm attached to zirconia surface.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of photothermal therapy using indocyanine green (ICG) and an 810-nm infrared diode laser on Streptococcus gordonii biofilm attached to zirconia surfaces in vitro.

Methods: A biofilm was formed using the static method on zirconia disks placed in a 24-well plate. The biofilms were subdivided into the following six treatment groups: control, commercial photodynamic therapy (PDT), chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), laser only (L, 810-nm infrared diode), ICG, and laser with ICG (PTT).

Effects of ibuprofen-loaded TiO₂ nanotube dental implants in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits.

Purpose: Some systemic conditions, especially diabetes mellitus (DM), adversely affect dental implant success. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ibuprofen-loaded TiO nanotube (ILTN) dental implants in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits.

Methods: Twenty-six New Zealand white rabbits were treated with alloxan monohydrate to induce DM.

Clinical and microbiological effects of adjunctive local delivery of minocycline (Periocline®) in patients receiving supportive periodontal therapy: a pilot study.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and microbiological efficacy of adjunctive local delivery of minocycline (Periocline®) in patients receiving supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) after initial treatment.

Methods: The participants were 16 men and 8 women (age, 20-65 years) who had at least 15 natural teeth, underwent SPT for more than 1 year due to chronic periodontitis, had 4 or more periodontal pocket sites deeper than 5 mm, and showed >25% gingival bleeding on probing (BoP). They were randomly assigned to the test and control groups.

Determination of the optimal diabetes duration for bone regeneration experiments in an alloxan-induced diabetic rabbit calvarial defect model.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the optimal diabetes duration for bone regeneration experiments in an alloxan monohydrate (ALX)-induced diabetic rabbit calvarial defect model by evaluating the association between diabetes duration and bone healing capacity.

Methods: Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were used. Twenty-two rabbits were injected with 100 mg/kg of ALX to induce experimental diabetes.

Efficacy of an LED toothbrush on a biofilm on a sandblasted and acid-etched titanium surface: an study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of a newly devised toothbrush with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on attached to sandblasted and acid-etched titanium surfaces.

Methods: The study included a control group, a commercial photodynamic therapy (PDT) group, and 3 test groups (B, BL, and BLE). The disks in the PDT group were placed in methylene blue and then irradiated with a diode laser.

Determination of the critical diabetes duration in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat calvarial defect model for experimentation regarding bone regeneration.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the critical diabetes duration in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat calvarial defect model for experimentation regarding bone regeneration by evaluating the association between diabetes duration and bone healing capacity through histological and radiographic analyses.

Methods: Experimental diabetes was induced in 50 of 60 rats by an STZ injection. The rats were divided into 5 groups, including a control group (group 1), according to diabetes durations of 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks, respectively.

Comparison of periodontitis-associated oral biofilm formation under dynamic and static conditions.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of single- and dual-species oral biofilms made by static and dynamic methods.

Methods: Hydroxyapatite (HA) disks, 12.7 mm in diameter and 3 mm thick, were coated with processed saliva for 4 hours.

The effect of photodynamic therapy on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans attached to surface-modified titanium.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using erythrosine and a green light emitting diode (LED) light source on biofilms of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans attached to resorbable blasted media (RBM) and sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) titanium surfaces in vitro.

Methods: RBM and SLA disks were subdivided into four groups, including one control group and three test groups (referred to as E0, E30, E60), in order to evaluate the effect of PDT on each surface. The E0 group was put into 500 µL of 20 µM erythrosine for 60 seconds without irradiation, the E30 group was put into erythrosine for 60 seconds and was then irradiated with a LED for 30 seconds, and the E60 group was put into erythrosine for 60 seconds and then irradiated with a LED for 60 seconds.

IL-17 inhibits osteoblast differentiation and bone regeneration in rat.

Objective: The interleukin-17 (IL-17) family is a group of pro-inflammatory cytokines that are produced by a subset of helper T cells. IL-17 family members are not only involved in the immune response of tissues but also play a role in bone metabolism. Although the role of IL-17 in osteoclast-mediated bone resorption has been extensively studied, its role during osteoblast-mediated bone formation has rarely been investigated.

A periodontitis-associated multispecies model of an oral biofilm.

Purpose: While single-species biofilms have been studied extensively, we know notably little regarding multispecies biofilms and their interactions. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate an in vitro multispecies dental biofilm model that aimed to mimic the environment of chronic periodontitis.

Methods: Streptococcus gordonii KN1, Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC23726, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ATCC33384, and Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC33277 were used for this experiment.

Effect of supportive periodontal therapy on the prevention of tooth loss in Korean adults.

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effect of patient compliance with supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) on tooth loss in Korean adults.

Methods: The periodontal records of 134 patients were reviewed for this study. They completed active periodontal treatment from 1999 to 2001 and were placed on a schedule of periodic follow-up visits for SPT.

Phototoxic effect of blue light on the planktonic and biofilm state of anaerobic periodontal pathogens.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the phototoxic effects of blue light exposure on periodontal pathogens in both planktonic and biofilm cultures.

Methods: Strains of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis, in planktonic or biofilm states, were exposed to visible light at wavelengths of 400.520 nm.

Bone formation and remodeling of three different dental implant surfaces with Escherichia coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 in a rabbit model.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to analyze orthotropic bone formation and remodeling of three different dental implant surfaces with and without recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 derived from Escherichia coli (ErhBMP-2) in a rabbit model.

Materials And Methods: Resorbable blasting media (RBM); sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA); and magnesium-incorporated oxidized (MgO) implant surfaces were coated with ErhBMP-2 (1.5 mg/mL).

Masticatory function following implants replacing a second molar.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to obtain objective and standardized information on masticatory function and patient satisfaction following second molar single implant therapy.

Methods: Twenty adult patients, who had restored second molar single implants more than 1 month before the study, were enrolled in this study. All patients received a chewing test using peanuts before and after insertion of the implant prosthesis, with a questionnaire and visual analogue scale (VAS) to evaluate the effect of second molar single implant therapy.

Marginal bony changes in relation to different vertical positions of dental implants.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to radiographically evaluate marginal bony changes in relation to different vertical positions of dental implants.

Methods: Two hundred implants placed in 107 patients were examined. The implants were classified by the vertical positions of the fixture-abutment connection (microgap): 'bone level,' 'above bone level,' or 'below bone level.

The effect of implant shape and bone preparation on primary stability.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of implant shape and bone preparation on the primary stability of the implants using resonance frequency analysis.

Methods: Sixty bovine rib blocks were used for soft and hard bone models. Each rib block received two types of dental implant fixtures; a straight-screw type and tapered-screw type.

Esthetic evaluation of maxillary single-tooth implants in the esthetic zone.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess the influence exerted by the observer's dental specialization and compare patients' opinion with observers' opinion of the esthetics of maxillary single-tooth implants in the esthetic zone.

Methods: Forty-one adult patients, who were treated with a single implant in the esthetic zone, were enrolled in this study. Eight observers (2 periodontists, 2 prosthodontists, 2 orthodontists and 2 senior dental students) applied the pink esthetic score (PES)/white esthetic score (WES) to 41 implant-supported single restorations twice with an interval of 4 weeks.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo as a complication of sinus floor elevation.

Purpose: Osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) is an often-used technique of great utility in certain implant patients with resorbed posterior maxilla. Recently benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) has been reported as an early postoperative complication following OSFE. Although OSFE-induced BPPV commonly resolves itself within a month without treatment, this complication can be a cause of trouble between the implant surgeon and patient.

Microbiologic changes in subgingival plaque after removal of fixed orthodontic appliances.

Objective: To evaluate changes that occur in the subgingival microbiota after removal of fixed orthodontic appliances using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Materials And Methods: Thirty orthodontic patients (11 males and 19 females; aged 20 +/- 7.3 yr) were included in this study.

Optimum surface properties of oxidized implants for reinforcement of osseointegration: surface chemistry, oxide thickness, porosity, roughness, and crystal structure.

Purpose: To investigate detailed surface characterization of oxidized implants in a newly invented electrolyte system and to determine optimal surface oxide properties to enhance the bone response in rabbits.

Materials And Methods: A total of 100 screw-type titanium implants were prepared and divided into 1 control group (machine-turned implants) and 4 test groups (magnesium ion-incorporated oxidized implants). Forty implants were used for surface analyses.