Synbiotics use for preventing sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight neonates: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Probiotics and prebiotics have strain-specific effects on the host. Synbiotics, a mixture of probiotics and prebiotics, are proposed to have more beneficial effects on the host than either agent has alone.

Purpose: We performed a randomized controlled trial to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium together with oligosaccharides and lactoferrin on the development of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or sepsis in very low birth weight neonates.

Cytokine responses to symbiotic and lactoferrin combination in very low birth weight neonates: a randomized control trial.

Introduction: Probiotics and prebiotics, which are multifunctional agents, have potential benefits in chronic mucosal inflammation, including the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis. However, the mechanisms and the results of these immunomodulatory effects are not clear. This study aimed to investigate the cytokine response to the combination of and together with fructo- and galacto-oligosaccharides (symbiotic) and lactoferrin in very low birth weight neonates.

Association of vitamin D binding protein polymorphisms with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a case-control study of gc globulin and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Objective: The pathophysiologies of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are inflammation, infection, tissue damage, angiogenesis defects and genetic susceptibility. Because of the role of the vitamin D binding protein (Gc globulin) on these factors, we investigated the relationship between Gc globulin polymorphisms and BPD.

Study Design: This case-control study was performed with 160 neonates (⩽32 gestational ages, ⩽1500 g).

Efficacy of Saccharomyces boulardii on necrotizing enterocolitis or sepsis in very low birth weight infants: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Probiotics have strain specific effects and the effects of fungi in preventing diseases in preterm infants have been investigated poorly. Saccharomyces boulardii is a yeast which acts both as a probiotic and a polyamine producer.

Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of S.

[Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus colonization in neonatal intensive care unit: prevention and eradication experience].

Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) are important etiologic agents of nosocomial infections and colonization for hospitalized patients. Isolation rate of VRE is higher especially in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), due to the immune insufficiency of neonates, frequent use of antibiotics and prolonged duration of hospitalization. The aims of this report were to present the rapid dissemination of VRE colonization in our NICU, to determine the factors related to colonization and to share the precautions taken to prevent the dissemination.

Serum endothelin-1 and transforming growth factor-beta levels in the newborns with respiratory distress.

The purpose of this present study was to evaluate the serum levels of ET-1 and TGF-beta in the newborns with respiratory distress. In this study, newborns with respiratory distress hospitalized into the Newborn Intensive Care Unit were included. The highest values of ET-1 and TGF-beta were obtained from newborns with diagnosis as meconium aspiration syndrome (5.

Managing substance use disorders in resident physicians.

Alcohol and other drug abuse is the leading cause of physician impairment. Prompt identification and early intervention by colleagues are the most effective ways of dealing with this problem in hospital residents. The author offers guidelines for recognizing the progressive signs of trouble inadvertently sent out by abusers, as well as effective ways in which colleagues can intervene.

Quantification of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome in 487 alcoholic patients.

While the alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is frequently encountered in a number of medical settings, its clinical management is inconsistent. Appropriate management of the AWS can be enhanced by objectively quantifying principal symptoms. The modified or Milwaukee Selective Severity Assessment (MSSA) measures 10 symptoms of the AWS, providing clinicians with a quantitative indication of the syndrome's severity.

Treating substance-use disorders among physicians.

Of 40 participants of a two-year program for rehabilitating alcohol- and other-drug-dependent physicians, 15 have completed 24 months of treatment and monitoring, eight have completed 12 to 23 months, ten have completed one to 11 months, and seven discontinued treatment before completion. Of the 33 treated physicians, 31 have returned to full practice and 22 have experienced no relapse. The prognosis is quite favorable for most impaired physicians in appropriate treatment, monitoring, and follow-up are provided.

Benzodiazepines and drug abuse: clinical observations in chemically dependent persons before and during abstinence.

Sixty-nine (9.2%) of 750 consecutive persons entering a chemical-dependence treatment hospital had urinary evidence of benzodiazepines, a somewhat higher proportion than in the general adult American population. The 54 subjects in whose urine benzodiazepines, but not the other commonly abused psychoactive drugs, were detected, had varied clinical findings.

Alcohol and benzodiazepines: withdrawal syndromes.

A mixed alcohol-benzodiazepine (BD) addiction was recognized in 25 alcoholics who were admitted for detoxification. They experienced a withdrawal syndrome, atypical for alcoholics, starting 2--10 days after abrupt discontinuation of drugs and characterized by more psychomotor and less autonomic nervous system signs than is usual in alcohol withdrawal. The timing and nature of the specific symptoms in the mixed sedative addiction resembled BD withdrawal.