The comorbidity burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): sex differences and associated factors among 830 cases in North-Eastern Morocco.

Background And Aim: Type 2 diabetes is prone to numerous comorbidities resulting from complex mechanisms involving hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, low-grade inflammation and accelerated atherogenesis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate these disorders and their associated risk factors according to patient sex in a population of type 2 diabetics in North-Eastern Morocco.

Methods: This study was conducted in a medical analysis laboratory over a 1-year period from 01/10/2018 to 01/10/2019.

Composition and Chemical Variability of the Essential Oil from Aerial Parts of Cladanthus scariosus, an Endemic Species to the Moroccan High Atlas.

Cladanthus scariosus (Ball) Oberpr. & Vogt is endemic to Moroccan High Atlas. It is known under the vernacular names Irezghi or Irezgui.

Artificial intelligence in spine surgery.

The continuous progress of research and clinical trials has offered a wide variety of information concerning the spine and the treatment of the different spinal pathologies that may occur. Planning the best therapy for each patient could be a very difficult and challenging task as it often requires thorough processing of the patient's history and individual characteristics by the clinician. Clinicians and researchers also face problems when it comes to data availability due to patients' personal information protection policies.

Robotics in spine surgery: systematic review of literature.

Purpose: Over 4.83 million spine surgery procedures are performed annually around the world. With the considerable caseload and the precision needed to achieve optimal spinal instrumentation, technical progress has helped to improve the technique's safety and accuracy with the development of peri-operative assistance tools.

Experimental validation of a new technique for the assessment of posterior tibial translation (ABC angle) after posterior cruciate ligament rupture.

Background: The aim of this cadaver study was to evaluate an original technique for measuring posterior tibial translation based on an angle value instead of a distance value, with and without posterior stress application. It was hypothesized that an angle measurement of the posterior tibial translation would confirm the presence of a PCL tear with the knee flexed and completely extended.

Method: Using fresh cadavers, a set of strict lateral views were taken by fluoroscopy with the knee at 0°, 45° and 90° flexion on the intact knee and after transecting the PCL.

Spinal Infections: An Update.

Spinal infection poses a demanding diagnostic and treatment problem for which a multidisciplinary approach with spine surgeons, radiologists, and infectious disease specialists is required. Infections are usually caused by bacterial microorganisms, although fungal infections can also occur. The most common route for spinal infection is through hematogenous spread of the microorganism from a distant infected area.

Complications of spine surgery for metastasis.

The spinal column represents the third most common site for metastases after the lungs and the liver, and the most common site for metastatic bone disease. With life-extending advances in the systemic treatment of cancer patients, the surgical procedures performed for spinal metastases will increase, and their related complications will increase unavoidably. Furthermore, considering the high complication rates reported in the spinal literature regarding spine surgery overall, it becomes clear that a better understanding of complications that the cancer patients with spinal metastases may experience is necessary.

Lumbar disc herniation: long-term outcomes after mini-open discectomy.

Purpose: The outcomes of mini open discectomy in lumbar disc herniation are usually satisfying. Our study aims at finding if its results are still good at long-term follow-up.

Methods: We reviewed 552 patients operated between 1993 and 2013 by mini open discectomy procedure.

Posterior drawer after olecranization of the patella in posterior cruciate-injured knees: A cadaver study.

Introduction: Olecranization of the patella (OP) is a surgical technique that anchors the patella to the tibia using a Steinmann pin to reduce the posterior drawer in cases of acute posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tears. The advantage of this procedure is that rehabilitation can start early with passive and active mobilization, all the while maintaining the reduced position. The primary objective of this cadaver study was to evaluate the reduction in the posterior drawer induced by OP.

Current concepts for lumbar disc herniation.

Purpose: To present the pathophysiology, biology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and current treatment options for lumbar disc herniation.

Methods: A thorough literature search was undertaken in PubMed and Google Scholar to summarize the current knowledge and future perspectives on lumbar disc herniation.

Results: Several changes in the biology of the intervertebral disc are thought to contribute to disc herniation; nevertheless, the exact inciting event leading to disc herniation is yet to be discovered.

Cervical disc herniation: which surgery?

Purpose: Cervical disc herniation is a common pathology. It can be treated by different surgical procedures. We aimed to list and analyzed every available surgical option.

Surgical treatment of thoracic disc herniation: an overview.

Background: Surgical treatment of thoracic disc herniation (TDH) is technically demanding due to its proximity to the spinal cord.

Methods: Literature review.

Results: Symptomatic TDH is a rare condition predominantly localized between T8 and L1.

Pyoderma gangrenosum after orthopaedic or traumatologic surgery: a systematic revue of the literature.

Introduction: Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a neutrophilic dermatosis characterised by a painful ulceration mimicking infection of the operative site. To this day, there is still no general agreement on the medical and surgical treatment of PG. This systematic review of the literature aims to summarise recent studies about post-operative PG in orthopaedic surgery to improve its medical and surgical management.

High tibial osteotomy for medial osteoarthritis of the knee: 15 years follow-up.

We reviewed 192 patients (224 knees) to assess the results of HTO in medial gonarthrosis during the period 1982-2008. Median follow-up was about 15 years for 134 females and 58 males. Among the knees, 118 had an average opening wedge for varus angle of 13 degrees and 106 had closing wedges of 11 degrees.