Adjusting for Selection Bias Due to Missing Eligibility Criteria in Emulated Target Trials.

Target trial emulation (TTE) is a popular framework for observational studies based on electronic health records (EHR). A key component of this framework is determining the patient population eligible for inclusion in both a target trial of interest and its observational emulation. Missingness in variables that define eligibility criteria, however, presents a major challenge towards determining the eligible population when emulating a target trial with an observational study.

Methoxyflurane in early analgesic therapy by ski patrol members on Swiss ski slopes - an observational cohort study.

Background: Pain therapy is an important first-response measure in the pre-clinical care of trauma patients. Injured individuals on ski slopes are usually given first aid by members of the ski patrol. The early implementation of adequate pain therapy by these paramedical rescuers can increase patient satisfaction and have a positive effect on the entire treatment process.

In Vitro Microscopical and Microbiological Assessment of the Sealing Ability of Calcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealers.

This in vitro study evaluated the sealing ability and microleakage of calcium silicate-based sealers compared to an epoxy resin-based sealer. One hundred twenty-five roots from anterior teeth were chemo-mechanically prepared and divided into four groups: AH Plus (AH), ProRoot MTA (PR), Medcem MTA (MC), and Total Fill BC Sealer/BC-coated gutta-percha (TF); = 30. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to measure sealer penetration at three horizontal levels in 10 roots per group, while glucose leakage over 30 days was assessed in 20 roots.

Visualization of Pulpal Structures by SWIR in Endodontic Access Preparation.

Endodontic access preparation is one of the initial steps in root canal treatments and can be hindered by the obliteration of pulp canals and formation of tertiary dentin. Until now, methods for direct intraoperative visualization of the 3-dimensional anatomy of teeth have been missing. Here, we evaluate the use of shortwave infrared radiation (SWIR) for navigation during stepwise access preparation.

When less is more - a fast TurboID knock-in approach for high-sensitivity endogenous interactome mapping.

In recent years, proximity labeling has established itself as an unbiased and powerful approach to map the interactome of specific proteins. Although physiological expression of labeling enzymes is beneficial for the mapping of interactors, generation of the desired cell lines remains time-consuming and challenging. Using our established pipeline for rapid generation of C- and N-terminal CRISPR-Cas9 knock-ins (KIs) based on antibiotic selection, we were able to compare the performance of commonly used labeling enzymes when endogenously expressed.

Decision-making on systemic antibiotics in the management of periodontitis: A retrospective comparison of two concepts.

Aim: To retrospectively compare two approaches for the adjunctive use of systemic antibiotics in non-surgical periodontal therapy: one based on the detection of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) and the other on age and severity of periodontitis (Age & PPD). We also assessed the additional benefit of antibiotics in reducing the need for further surgical therapy in each group.

Materials And Methods: Patients of the Department of Periodontology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany, were screened for microbiological testing between 2008 and 2018.

Bariatric Surgery and the Long-Term Risk of Venous Thromboembolism: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Purpose: Bariatric surgery is associated with a greater venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk in the weeks following surgery, but the long-term risk of VTE is incompletely characterized. We evaluated bariatric surgery in relation to long-term VTE risk.

Materials And Methods: This population-based retrospective matched cohort study within three United States-based integrated health care systems included adults with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m who underwent bariatric surgery between January 2005 and September 2015 (n = 30,171), matched to nonsurgical patients on site, age, sex, BMI, diabetes, insulin use, race/ethnicity, comorbidity score, and health care utilization (n = 218,961).

Personal determinants of change agents' decision-making behavior in community health promotion: a qualitative study.

Background: Implementing environmental changes to promote healthier communities requires initial positive decisions by change agents from local politics and government. However, there is little research on what influences the change agents' decisions. This explorative, qualitative study aims to identify the personal determinants of the decision-making behavior of local change agents.

Quality of life after surgery for lower grade gliomas.

Background: Few large studies have investigated quality of life (QOL) for adults diagnosed with lower grade glioma (LGG).

Methods: QOL was assessed for 320 adults with LGG (World Health Organization grade 2/3) enrolled in the International Low Grade Glioma Registry by using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form health survey. Data on symptoms were also collected.

A Coordination Polymer of Vaska's Complex as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Reductive Formation of Enamines from Amides.

Low-valent metal-organic frameworks (LVMOFs) and related materials have gained interest due to their potential applications in heterogeneous catalysis. However, of the few LVMOFs that have been reported, none have shown catalytic activity. Herein, a low-valent metal-organic material constructed from phosphine linkers and Ir nodes is reported.

Additional benefit of systemic antibiotics in subgingival instrumentation of stage III and IV periodontitis with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: A retrospective analysis.

Aim: To evaluate subgingival instrumentation (SI) in periodontitis stage III and IV, grade B and C with systemic antibiotics (AB) only after detection of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.

Materials And Methods: Patients of the Department of Periodontology of Goethe University Frankfurt/Germany were screened for microbiological testing between 2008 and 2018. All patients with aggressive and generalized severe chronic periodontitis were tested.

Forensic examination of living persons in 3D models.

Physical injuries caused by interpersonal violence or accidents are usually documented with photographs. In addition to standard injury photography using 2D photographs, the Institute *INSTITUT NAME BLINDED FOR REVIEW* uses a Botspot Botscan ® multi-camera device (Photobox; Aniwaa Ltd, Berlin, Germany) that allows for 3D documentation of a subject. The Photobox contains 70 cameras positioned at different heights looking at a central platform.

An X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of Postsynthetic Exchange in UiO-66.

Postsynthetic exchange (PSE) is a method that is widely used to change the composition of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) by replacing connecting linkers or metal nodes after the framework has been synthesized. However, few techniques can probe the nature and distribution of exchanged species following PSE. Herein, we show that X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy can be used to compare the relative concentrations of exchanged ligands at the surface and interior regions of MOF particles.

Comparison of superficial wound documentation using 2D forensic photography, 3D photogrammetry, Botscan© and VR with real-life examination.

Evidence acquisition, interpretation and preservation are essential parts of forensic case work that make a standardized documentation process fundamental. The most commonly used method for the documentation and interpretation of superficial wounds is a combination of two modalities: two-dimensional (2D) photography for evidence preservation and real-life examination for wound analysis. As technologies continue to develop, 2D photography is being enhanced with three-dimensional (3D) documentation technology.

Estimating the change in soccer's home advantage during the Covid-19 pandemic using bivariate Poisson regression.

In wake of the Covid-19 pandemic, 2019-2020 soccer seasons across the world were postponed and eventually made up during the summer months of 2020. Researchers from a variety of disciplines jumped at the opportunity to compare the rescheduled games, played in front of empty stadia, to previous games, played in front of fans. To date, most of this post-Covid soccer research has used linear regression models, or versions thereof, to estimate potential changes to the home advantage.

Cell-Permeable Nanobodies Allow Dual-Color Super-Resolution Microscopy in Untransfected Living Cells.

Super-resolution microscopy in living cells can be restricted by the availability of small molecule probes, which only exist against few targets and genetically encoded tags. Here, we expand the applicability of live-cell STED by engineering cell-permeable and highly fluorescent nanobodies as intracellular targeting agents. To ensure bright fluorescent signals at low concentrations we used the concept of intramolecular photostabilization by ligating a fluorophore along with the photostabilizer trolox to the nanobody using expressed protein ligation (EPL).

FragMAXapp: crystallographic fragment-screening data-analysis and project-management system.

Crystallographic fragment screening (CFS) has become one of the major techniques for screening compounds in the early stages of drug-discovery projects. Following the advances in automation and throughput at modern macromolecular crystallography beamlines, the bottleneck for CFS has shifted from collecting data to organizing and handling the analysis of such projects. The complexity that emerges from the use of multiple methods for processing and refinement and to search for ligands requires an equally sophisticated solution to summarize the output, allowing researchers to focus on the scientific questions instead of on software technicalities.

Social media partnerships with patient organizations for neuro-oncology patient recruitment.

Background: In neuro-oncology, traditional methods of enrolling the large numbers of participants required for studies of disease etiology and treatment response are costly, labor intensive, and may not include patients in regions without tumor registries.

Methods: In the Yale Acoustic Neuroma (AN) Study and International Low-Grade Glioma (LGG) Registry, we partnered with several brain tumor patient organizations to develop social media enrollment campaigns and use web-based data collection resources at the Yale University School of Public Health to test alternative methods to enroll neuro-oncology patients for epidemiologic study.

Results: In the AN study, we enrolled 1024 patients over 2 years.

Quality of life after surgery for intracranial meningioma.

Background: To the authors' knowledge, limited data exist regarding long-term quality of life (QOL) for patients diagnosed with intracranial meningioma.

Methods: The data in the current study concerned 1722 meningioma cases diagnosed among residents of Connecticut, Massachusetts, California, Texas, and North Carolina from May 1, 2006 through March 14, 2013, and 1622 controls who were frequency matched to the cases by age, sex, and geography. These individuals were participants in a large, population-based, case-control study.

Low-Temperature Adsorption and Diffusion of Methanol in ZIF-8 Nanoparticle Films.

The adsorption of methanol by a zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanoparticle thin film was studied in situ using temperature-programmed desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy under low-temperature, low-pressure conditions. Partial pore penetration was observed at 90 K, but upon increasing the exposure temperature of the film to 130 K pore penetration was significantly enhanced. Although many studies exist involving bulk powders, this is the first work to our knowledge that demonstrates the ability to control and monitor the entry of a molecule into a metal organic framework (MOF) film in situ using temperature.

Very preterm adolescents show impaired performance with increasing demands in executive function tasks.

Background: Very preterm birth is often associated with executive function deficits later in life. The transition to adolescence increases personal autonomy, independence and, in parallel, the demands placed on executive functions at home and in school.

Aim: To assess the impact of increasing demands on executive function performance in very preterm children and adolescents with normal intellectual and motor functions.

Teasing apart retrieval and encoding interference in the processing of anaphors.

Two classes of account have been proposed to explain the memory processes subserving the processing of reflexive-antecedent dependencies. Structure-based accounts assume that the retrieval of the antecedent is guided by syntactic tree-configurational information without considering other kinds of information such as gender marking in the case of English reflexives. By contrast, unconstrained cue-based retrieval assumes that all available information is used for retrieving the antecedent.