Clinical Significance of Mucor in Airway Culture of Immunocompetent Patients With Chronic Lung Disease.

Objectives: Mucor within the airways of immunocompromised patients often signifies an invasive life-threatening infection. However, its significance in immunocompetent patients with chronic lung diseases is less clear. We aimed to assess the clinical implication of mucor in airway-secretion cultures of these patients.

Maternal and fetal outcomes in multiparous women with Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: Quality of life and survival in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) have improved dramatically, making family planning a feasible option. Maternal and perinatal outcomes in women with CF (wwCF) are similar to those seen in the general population. However, the effect of undergoing multiple pregnancies is unknown.

Assessment of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) Risk among Adolescent Acrobatic Gymnasts.

Energy imbalance exposes athletes to relative energy deficiency in sports (REDs) syndrome. Data on energy consumption, REDs, and bone mineral density (BMD) in adolescent acrobatic gymnasts, especially in males, are scarce. Our aim was to examine the eating habits, energy balance, body composition, and BMD of these athletes.

Pulmonary functions, nasal symptoms, and quality of life in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD).

Background: Several factors may influence quality of life (QOL) for patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). We aimed to evaluate the association between pulmonary functions, nasal symptoms and QOL in PCD patients.

Methods: A prospective single center study.

The new face of cystic fibrosis in the era of population genetic carrier screening.

Background: Population genetic carrier screening (PGCS) for cystic fibrosis (CF) has been offered to couples in Israel since 1999 and was included in a fully subsidized national program in 2008. We evaluated the impact of PGCS on CF incidence, genetic and clinical features.

Methods: This was a retrospective national study.

Pediatric negative pressure pulmonary edema: Case series and review of the literature.

Introduction: Negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) is a potentially life-threatening complication that develops rapidly following acute upper airway obstruction. The condition is rare, dramatic but resolves quickly. Prompt recognition and appropriate supportive treatment may prevent unnecessary investigations and iatrogenic complications.

The effect of inspiratory muscle training in PCD and CF patients: A pilot study.

Background: Effective work of breathing and bronchial hygiene requires synergy of inspiratory and expiratory muscles. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is a part of pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There is some evidence of its efficacy in cystic fibrosis (CF) and, recently, in long COVID-19.

The Impact of Respiratory Symptoms on the Risk of Serious Bacterial Infection in Febrile Infants < 60 Days Old.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the impact of respiratory symptoms and positive viral testing on the risk of serious bacterial infections (SBIs).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted that included infants (0-60 days) presenting with a fever between 2001 and 2022 at a tertiary hospital in northern Israel. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters were collected, and risk factors for SBIs were analyzed.

The effect of nose clip on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in adolescents.

Background: Oral breathing is considered to increase hyper-responsiveness of the airways. Data on the need for nose clip (NC) during exercise challenge test (ECT) in children and adolescents is scarce. Ouraim was to evaluate the role of NC during ECT in children and adolescents.

The association between Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity-Disorder (ADHD) symptoms and disease severity in people with Cystic Fibrosis (pwCF).

Background: The hallmarks of Cystic fibrosis (CF), chronic infection and inflammation, require intensive daily treatment to maintain and improve quality of life and outcome. The incidence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is increased in chronic inflammatory diseases. Previous studies suggested that the prevalence of ADHD in people with CF (pwCF) is higher than in the general population.

Challenges in DICER1-Associated Lung Disease.

Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a tumor occurring almost exclusively in infants and young children. This is the most common primary-lung malignancy in childhood. There is age-associated progression through a distinctive sequence of pathologic changes, from a purely multicystic lesion type I to a high-grade sarcoma type II and III.

The clinical yield of bronchoscopy in the management of cystic fibrosis: A retrospective multicenter study.

Background: Pulmonary disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Several studies have shown no benefit for bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) over sputum to obtain microbiological cultures, hence the role of bronchoscopy in pwCF is unclear.

Aim: To analyze how bronchoscopy results affected clinical decision-making in pwCF and assess safety.

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Childhood in Late Preterms: Comparison to Early Preterms and Term-Born Controls.

Background: Late preterm (340−366 weeks gestational age [GA]) infants may have abnormal pulmonary development and possible exercise physiology parameters. We aim to assess the effect of late prematurity on exercise capacity in childhood and to compare it to early preterm (EP) (born < 300 GA), and to term healthy control (TC) (>370 week GA). Methods: Late preterm and early preterm (7−10 years) completed a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and spirometry and were compared to EP and to TC.

Trikafta-Extending Its Success to Less Common Mutations.

Cystic Fibrosis (a genetic recessive disease) is caused by a mutant cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene that causes an absence of, or impaired CFTR activity [...

Functional capacity and quality of life in patients with vascular ring.

Background: Vascular rings are congenital anomalies of the aortic arch that compress the trachea and esophagus and may require corrective surgery. Data about the long-term effects of vascular rings are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the long-term cardiorespiratory, exercise capacity, and quality of life of vascular ring patients.

The effect of probiotic administration on metabolomics and glucose metabolism in CF patients.

Background And Objectives: Cystic fibrosis (CF)-related diabetes (CFRD) affects 50% of CF adults. Gut microbial imbalance (dysbiosis) aggravates their inflammatory response and contributes to insulin resistance (IR). We hypothesized that probiotics may improve glucose tolerance by correcting dysbiosis.

Characterization of respiratory illness surge (April-June 2021) post-COVID-19 lockdown.

Introduction: Following the opening of lockdown and relaxation of public health restrictions, an unusual surge of respiratory illness occurred during the spring/summer (Q2) 2021 season. We aimed to characterize this surge compared to previous years.

Methods: Children discharged from a single tertiary hospital for respiratory illness or selected noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) between 2015 and 2021 were included, and hospitalization rates were compared.

Individualized Assessment of Exercise Capacity in Response to Acute and Long-Term Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Pediatric Pompe Disease.

Background: Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with alglucosidase alfa improves the prospect of patients with infantile-onset Pompe disease (IOPD). However, a progressive decline has been reported. Objective quantification of the response to ERT when assessing newer strategies is warranted.

4-week daily airway clearance using oscillating positive-end expiratory pressure autogenic drainage in bronchiectasis patients: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Airway clearance is a fundamental component of bronchiectasis care. Lung clearance index (LCI) is a measurement of ventilation inhomogeneity. Its responsiveness to long-term airway clearance is unknown.